The New Zealand National Seismograph Network

Petersen, Tanja; Gledhill, Ken; Chadwick, Mark; Gale, Nora; Ristau, John

doi:10.1785/gssrl.82.1.9

Cited by 95 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The seismic stations used in our study to calculate seismic anisotropy from local earthquakes. This combined seismic network of 156 stations comprises the permanent GeoNet network (Petersen et al, ), plus stations from the central North Island passive seismic experiment (Reyners & Stuart, ), Hotter and Deeper (Bannister, ), and back‐arc rifting in New Zealand deployments (Ebinger, ). The inset shows the Taupō Volcanic Zone, where our station density is highest.…”

Section: Data Sources and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through studying the seismic anisotropy in both the Pacific and Australian crust we can understand the orientation of the stress field and major crustal structures. In this study we utilize data from the GeoNet seismic network (Petersen et al, ), coupled with data from several temporary seismic deployments (Bannister, ; Ebinger, ; Reyners & Stuart, ), in order to create the largest catalog of crustal seismic anisotropy measurements in the North Island to date. This data set is used here to map the orientation and magnitude of crustal stresses beneath the volcanically active Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ) and Taranaki regions, the complex Hikurangi subduction zone forearc, and within the subducting Pacific plate itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping Stress and Structure From Subducting Slab to Magmatic Rift: Crustal Seismic Anisotropy of the North Island, New Zealand

Illsley‐Kemp

Savage

Wilson

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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We use crustal seismic anisotropy measurements in the North Island, New Zealand, to examine structures and stress within the Taupō Volcanic Zone, the Taranaki Volcanic Lineament, the subducting Hikurangi slab, and the Hikurangi forearc. Results in the Taranaki region are consistent with NW‐SE oriented extension yet suggest that the Taranaki volcanic lineament may be controlled by a deep‐rooted, inherited crustal structure. In the central Taupō Volcanic Zone anisotropy fast orientations are predominantly controlled by continental rifting. However at Taupō and Okataina volcanoes, fast orientations are highly variable and radial to the calderas suggesting the influence of magma reservoirs in the seismogenic crust (≤15 km depth). The subducting Hikurangi slab has a predominant trench‐parallel fast orientation, reflecting the pervasive presence of plate‐bending faults, yet changing orientations at depths ≥120 km beneath the central North Island may be relics from previous subduction configurations. Finally, results from the southern Hikurangi forearc show that the orientation of stresses there is consistent with those in the underlying subducting slab. In contrast, the northern Hikurangi forearc is pervasively fractured and is undergoing E‐W compression, oblique to the stress field in the subducting slab. The north‐south variation in fore‐arc stress is likely related to differing subduction‐interface coupling. Across the varying tectonic regimes of the North Island our study highlights that large‐scale tectonic forces tend to dictate the orientation of stress and structures within the crust, although more localized features (plate coupling, magma reservoirs, and inherited crustal structures) can strongly influence surface magmatism and the crustal stress field.

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Section: Data Sources and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Stress and Structure From Subducting Slab to Magmatic Rift: Crustal Seismic Anisotropy of the North Island, New Zealand

Illsley‐Kemp

Savage

Wilson

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The DFDP‐13 network comprises four shallow borehole (28 m deep) short‐period sensors that were installed in January 2013 (Chamberlain, Boese, Eccles, et al, ) around the DFDP‐2 drill site (Sutherland et al, ) in the Whataroa Valley (Figure ). In addition, we use five seismic sites from GeoNet's permanent broadband national network (Petersen et al, ).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in Seismogenic Thickness Along the Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Revealed by a Decade's Relocated Microseismicity

Michailos

Smith

Chamberlain

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The Alpine Fault is an oblique strike‐slip fault that is known to fail in large magnitude (M7–8) earthquakes, yet it is currently seismically quiescent. We examine the low‐magnitude earthquake activity occurring along the central portion of the Alpine Fault using seismic data from five temporary seismic networks deployed for various lengths of time between late 2008 and early 2017. Starting from continuous seismic data, we detect earthquake arrivals and construct the longest and most extensive microearthquake catalog for the central Alpine Fault region to date, containing 9,111 earthquakes. This enables us to study the distribution and characteristics of the seismicity in unprecedented detail. Earthquake locations are constrained by high‐quality automatic and manual picks, and we perform relocations using waveform cross‐correlation to better constrain hypocenters. We have derived a new local magnitude scale calibrated by Mw values. Magnitudes range between ML−1.2 and 4.6, and our catalog is complete above ML 1.1. Earthquakes mainly occur southeast of the Alpine Fault (in the hanging wall) and exhibit low magnitudes. We observe a lack of seismicity beneath Aoraki/Mount Cook, which we associate with high uplift rates and high heat flow. Seismogenic cutoff depths vary along the strike of the Alpine Fault from 8 km, beneath the highest topography, to 20 km in the adjacent areas.

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“…We identify triggered tremor following the procedure of Peng et al [2009] and K. Chao et al (Remote triggering of non‐volcanic tremor around Taiwan, submitted to Geophysical Journal International , 2011). We use all available stations (Figure S1 of the ) from GeoNet–the New Zealand National Seismic Network [ Petersen et al , 2011] in the North Island that recorded the Chile main shock. We first remove the mean and instrument response, and cut the data to 1000 s before and 9000 s after the origin time of the Chile mainshock, then generate a 2–8 Hz band‐pass‐filtered waveform and envelope functions.…”

Section: Triggered Tremor Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep tremor in New Zealand triggered by the 2010 Mw8.8 Chile earthquake

Fry

Chao

Bannister

et al. 2011

Geophysical Research Letters

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Deep non‐volcanic tremor (NVT) is usually associated with episodic slow‐slip events. New Zealand is one notable exception where numerous slow slip events have been identified, yet NVT has remained undetected. Here we present the first known case of triggered NVT at New Zealand's Hikurangi subduction margin. Following the Mw8.8 Chilean earthquake of February 27, 2010, we identify coherent high‐frequency tremor signals that are in phase with, and modulated by, the passing Rayleigh waves. This is consistent with the surface wave triggering potential for strike‐normal incidence on a low‐angle thrust fault. After constraining the tremor depth on the plate interface, we locate the tremor source within 20 km of the source area of episodic slow slip. The tremor location is also near the edge of a region with high seismic attenuation that marks the boundary between dehydrated subducted slab and inferred hydrated, underplated sediment. We speculate that reduced interface friction and high fluid pressures provided by fluid‐rich underplated sediment facilitates the tremor generation.

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The New Zealand National Seismograph Network

Cited by 95 publications

References 10 publications

Mapping Stress and Structure From Subducting Slab to Magmatic Rift: Crustal Seismic Anisotropy of the North Island, New Zealand

Mapping Stress and Structure From Subducting Slab to Magmatic Rift: Crustal Seismic Anisotropy of the North Island, New Zealand

Variations in Seismogenic Thickness Along the Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Revealed by a Decade's Relocated Microseismicity

Deep tremor in New Zealand triggered by the 2010 Mw8.8 Chile earthquake

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