The New Transverse–Facial Artery Musculomucosal Flap for Intraoral Reconstructions

Acute isolated trigeminal neuropathy following calcium hydroxylapatite‐based soft tissue filler injection: A case report

“…Additional arterial blood supply can originate from direct branches of the maxillary artery and its deep temporal branches. While the zygomatico‐facial artery is positioned within the internal carotid artery vascular territory, the majority of the branches supplying the deep soft tissue plane of the zygomatic arch belongs to the external carotid artery vascular territory 1‐4 …”

“…The injection location receives arterial vascular supply by trans- territory. [1][2][3][4] It seems most likely that the injected product gained access to the arterial vascular system via the trans-zygomatic branches and was transported to the maxillary artery. From here, the product most likely migrated into the middle meningeal artery (Figure 6) which transitioned from extra-cranial to intra-cranial via the foramen spinosum and provides arterial blood supply to the trigeminal ganglion which is located in Meckle's cave within the middle cranial fossa.…”

The Upper Buccal Musculomucosal Flap for Nasal Lining and Columellar Defect Reconstruction

“…Providing thin and well-vascularized lining flaps is the most important point in corrective nasal surgeries and is critical to the final results 4 . The facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap was first described in 1992 by Pribaz et al, and subsequent publications developed new modifications to make it sufficiently versatile for the correction of oral cavity, head and neck defects 5–12 . Nevertheless, a literature review showed very few applications of this flap in nasal reconstruction 3,4,13,14 .…”

“…4 The facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap was first described in 1992 by Pribaz et al, and subsequent publications developed new modifications to make it sufficiently versatile for the correction of oral cavity, head and neck defects. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Nevertheless, a literature review showed very few applications of this flap in nasal reconstruction. 3,4,13,14 Traditionally, the flap is outlined longitudinally over the course of the facial artery, which can be superiorly pedicled on the angular artery with a retrograde flow or inferiorly based on the anterograde flow of the facial artery.…”

“…3,4,13,14 Traditionally, the flap is outlined longitudinally over the course of the facial artery, which can be superiorly pedicled on the angular artery with a retrograde flow or inferiorly based on the anterograde flow of the facial artery. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, dissection of the facial artery pedicle takes time, and the flap reaches the intranasal lining or columellar area with difficulty, even with a relatively long rotation arc.…”