The New Swiss Glacier Inventory SGI2010: Relevance of Using High-Resolution Source Data in Areas Dominated by Very Small Glaciers

Fischer, Mauro; Huss, Matthias; Barboux, Chloé; Hoelzle, Martin

doi:10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.933

Cited by 140 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Ice avalanches themselves can be more frequent as basal sliding is enhanced by the abundance of meltwater in warmer summers (Clague, 2013). Glacier and permafrost retreat, which has been reported in all sectors of the Alps Fischer et al, 2014;Gardent et al, 2014;Harris et al, 2009), is a major cause of slope instabilities, which can result in debris flows by debuttressing rock and debris flanks and promot-ing the exposure of unconsolidated and ice-cored sediments (Keiler et al, 2010;Chiarle et al, 2007). Glacier downwasting causes changes in water resources, with an initial increase in discharge due to enhanced melt followed by a long-term reduction, affecting drinking water supply, irrigation and hydropower production (Kaab et al, 2005b), along with a rising occurrence of structural collapses (Azzoni et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Combination of UAV and terrestrial photogrammetry to assess rapid glacier evolution and map glacier hazards

Fugazza

Scaioni

Corti

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Tourists and hikers visiting glaciers all year round face hazards such as sudden terminus collapses, typical of such a dynamically evolving environment. In this study, we analyzed the potential of different survey techniques to analyze hazards of the Forni Glacier, an important geosite located in Stelvio Park (Italian Alps). We carried out surveys in the 2016 ablation season and compared point clouds generated from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) survey, closerange photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). To investigate the evolution of glacier hazards and evaluate the glacier thinning rate, we also used UAV data collected in 2014 and a digital elevation model (DEM) created from an aerial photogrammetric survey of 2007. We found that the integration between terrestrial and UAV photogrammetry is ideal for mapping hazards related to the glacier collapse, while TLS is affected by occlusions and is logistically complex in glacial terrain. Photogrammetric techniques can therefore replace TLS for glacier studies and UAV-based DEMs hold potential for becoming a standard tool in the investigation of glacier thickness changes. Based on our data sets, an increase in the size of collapses was found over the study period, and the glacier thinning rates went from 4.55 ± 0.24 m a −1 between 2007 and 2014 to 5.20 ± 1.11 m a −1 between 2014 and 2016.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Combination of UAV and terrestrial photogrammetry to assess rapid glacier evolution and map glacier hazards

Fugazza

Scaioni

Corti

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…respectively, according to MeteoSwiss data (Evolène weather station, 1825 m a.s.l., Figure 1). The Tsarmine glacier is identified in the Swiss glacier inventory (Fischer et al, 2014). The decadal mass balance variations and current geometry of this 4 × 10 6 m 3 ice mass are presented in Capt et al (2016).…”

Section: Tsarmine Glacier Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of this type of glacier is especially related to the influence of the surrounding relief upon snow accumulation and shadow effects (Paasche, 2011;Capt et al, 2016). The size class of glaciers remains an open question in glaciology but 0.01-0.5 km 2 appear suitable thresholds to define very small glaciers (e.g., Kuhn, 1995;Fischer et al, 2014;Pfeffer et al, 2014). The ablation areas of the glaciers present in these systems are partly, or totally, debris-covered (Kirkbride, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Structure and Current Evolution of Very Small Debris-Covered Glacier Systems Located in Alpine Permafrost Environments

Bosson

Lambiel

2016

Front. Earth Sci.

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This contribution explores the internal structure of very small debris-covered glacier systems located in permafrost environments and their current dynamical responses to short-term climatic variations. Three systems were investigated with electrical resistivity tomography and dGPS monitoring over a 3-year period. Five distinct sectors are highlighted in each system: firn and bare-ice glacier, debris-covered glacier, heavily debris-covered glacier of low activity, rock glacier and ice-free debris. Decimetric to metric movements, related to ice ablation, internal deformation and basal sliding affect the glacial zones, which are mainly active in summer. Conversely, surface lowering is close to zero (−0.04 m yr −1 ) in the rock glaciers. Here, a constant and slow internal deformation was observed (c. 0.2 m yr −1 ). Thus, these systems are affected by both direct and high magnitude responses and delayed and attenuated responses to climatic variations. This differential evolution appears mainly controlled by (1) the proportion of ice, debris and the presence of water in the ground, and (2) the thickness of the superficial debris layer.

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“…Recent 25 advances in glaciological modelling and the emergence of accurate, catchment and region-wide glacier outlines and mass balances (e.g. Fischer et al (2014Fischer et al ( , 2015 for Switzerland, for the Central Tien Shan) enable catchment-wide modelling on the glacier scale. In the following, the hydrological model SWIM is briefly outlined followed by more detailed descriptions of the newly implemented glacier processes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging glacier and river catchment scales: an efficient representation of glacier dynamics in a hydrological model

Wortmann

Bolch

Krysanova

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract. Glacierised river catchments have been shown to be highly sensitive to climate change, while large populations depend on the water resources originating from them. Hydrological models are used to aid water resource management, yet their treatment of glacier processes is either rudimentary in large applications or linked to fully distributed glacier models that prevent larger model domains. Also, data scarcity in mountainous catchments has hampered the implementation of physically based approaches over entire river catchments. A fully integrated glacier dynamics module was developed for the eco-hydrological 5 model SWIM (SWIM-G) that takes full account of the spatial heterogeneity of mountainous catchments but keeps in line with the semi-distributed disaggregation of the hydrological model. The glacierised part of the catchment is disaggregated into glaciological response units that are based on subbasin, elevation zone and aspect classes. They seamlessly integrate into the hydrological response units of the hydrological model SWIM. Robust and simple approaches to ice flow, avalanching, snow accumulation and metamorphism as well as glacier ablation under consideration of aspect, debris cover and sublimation 10 are implemented in the model, balancing process complexity and data availability. The fully integrated is also capable of simulating a range of other hydrological processes that are common for larger mountainous catchments such as reservoirs, irrigation agriculture and runoff from a diverse soil and vegetation cover. SWIM-G is initialised and calibrated to initial glacier hypsometry, glacier mass balance and river discharge. While the model is intended to be used in medium to large river basins with data-scarce and glacierised headwaters, it is here validated in the data-abundant catchment of the Upper Rhone River, 15Switzerland and the data-scarce catchment of the Upper Aksu River, Kyrgyzstan/NW China.

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The New Swiss Glacier Inventory SGI2010: Relevance of Using High-Resolution Source Data in Areas Dominated by Very Small Glaciers

Cited by 140 publications

References 46 publications

Combination of UAV and terrestrial photogrammetry to assess rapid glacier evolution and map glacier hazards

Combination of UAV and terrestrial photogrammetry to assess rapid glacier evolution and map glacier hazards

Internal Structure and Current Evolution of Very Small Debris-Covered Glacier Systems Located in Alpine Permafrost Environments

Bridging glacier and river catchment scales: an efficient representation of glacier dynamics in a hydrological model

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