The new politics of pastoralism: Identity, justice and global activism

Upton, Caroline

doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.11.011

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These attempts to turn pastoralists away from wasteful conduct and toward behaviours that are more amenable to both market society and conservation are power laden and certainly not new. Pastoralists have long been identified as the source of various inefficiencies and deficiencies, especially in their nomadism, while also being a target of state and NGO narratives of “irrational and environmentally destructive” land use (Upton :211)—narratives that often lack evidence (e.g. Benjaminsen and Bryceson ; Benjaminsen et al.…”

Section: The Intimate Mediations Of For‐profit Biodiversity Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate Mediations of For‐Profit Conservation Finance: Waste, Improvement, and Accumulation

Dempsey

Bigger

2019

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How to understand the marriage between accumulation and conservation? The paper draws from extensive research into one value chain, from the advisor in New York City to a wildlife-friendly cattle business in Kenya. Making this enterprise return in money requires intimate and relentless efforts to transform wasteful conduct across a range of institutions and people; we focus on the attempted production of NGO economicus, homo economicus plus, and bos Taurus economicus. Drawing from feminist and postcolonial theorists of capitalism, we emphasise how green capitalist value production does not always hinge on extinguishing other-than-capitalist-social relations but rather attempts to mobilise and harness such differences, including non-profit-seeking values, logics and relations. The paper concludes by reflecting on the temporal challenges facing for-profit conservation finance, including those posed by previous regimes of accumulation that it relies on but also wants to overcome.

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Section: The Intimate Mediations Of For‐profit Biodiversity Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate Mediations of For‐Profit Conservation Finance: Waste, Improvement, and Accumulation

Dempsey

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2019

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“…Shyam encounters a more general issue with regard to the linkages between global indigenous rights and socio-environmental struggles in specific sites: the conceptions of justice enshrined in global norms may be different from people's notions on the ground (Upton 2014;Sikor and Hoang 2016). In Bargachhi, villagers emphasise distributive issues because to them, justice is about avoiding harm and deriving benefits from the project.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Part of these framings are ideas about justice, we suggest. Affected people and activists explicitly invoke or implicitly operate on the basis of particular notions of what justice means in specific contexts (Upton 2014;Sikor and Hoang 2016). Consequently, negotiations over notions of justice are a critical component in alliances between people and activists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brokering justice: global indigenous rights and struggles over hydropower in Nepal

Sikor

Satyal

Dhungana³

et al. 2018

Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'ét

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This article explores the dynamics of brokerage at the intersection between the justice conceptions enshrined in global norms and the notions of justice asserted in specific socio-environmental struggles. Using the case of a small hydropower project in Nepal, we trace the attempts of an indigenous activist to enrol villagers in his campaign against the background of villagers' everyday negotiations with the hydropower company. The study shows how global norms, such as indigenous peoples' rights, may fail to gain traction on the ground or even become sources of injustice in particular contexts. RÉSUMÉ Cet article explore les négociations et les dynamiques d'intermédiation qui interviennent à l'intersection des conceptions de la justice inscrites dans les normes internationales et celles qui sont revendiquées dans des luttes socio-environnementales spécifiques. À partir du cas d'un petit projet hydroélectrique au Népal, nous décrivons comment un activiste autochtone a tenté de convaincre les villageois de se joindre à sa campagne, dans le contexte de négociations quotidiennes entre les villageois et l'entreprise hydroélectrique. L'étude montre que les normes internationales, comme les droits des peuples autochtones, risquent de ne pas être respectées sur le terrain ou même d'être des sources d'injustice dans certains contextes.

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“…For example, new scientific knowledge is recasting the impact of pastoralism, long considered damaging and underproductive, on drylands as policy fashions turn towards devolution in resource management and a growing recognition of the efficacy of communal tenure (Upton 2014). Success in harvesting biomass is linked to economic well-being.…”

Section: Results: the Hanppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who gets the HANPP (Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production)? Biomass distribution and the bio-economy in the Tana Delta, Kenya

Temper

2016

Journal of Political Ecology

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The Tana Delta, on the east coast of Kenya near Somalia, comprises riverine mangrove forests, wetlands and rangelands and is home to a range of indigenous pastoralist, farmer and fisher communities, whose traditional multi-user livelihood strategies have helped preserve exceptional local biodiversity. This study assesses conflicts over biomass through an analysis of Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP), an indicator used by system ecologists that quantifies human-induced changes on the productivity and harvest of biomass flows. HANPP is calculated by seeing how much of the net primary production (NPP) of biomass flows created through solar energy are appropriated by human activity, and how much is left in the ecosystems for other species. In this article we introduce calculations of the HANPP in political ecology by studying not only the distribution of biomass between humans and non-humans but also (and this is the main point) between different groups or social classes of humans. We also ask what alliances are being made to protect biodiversity and keep livelihoods intact. In a sugar cane plantation economy, biomass production and the proportion appropriated by humans may increase, the Orma pastoralists and the Pokomo farmers would be dispossessed, less biomass would be available for local 'wild' biodiversity, and a much larger proportion of the NPP would be exported as sugar or ethanol. Key words: Human appropriation of biomass; bioeconomy; biodiversity; property rights; pastoralists; sugar cane; wetlands. RésuméLe Delta du Tana, sur la côte est du Kenya près de la Somalie, comprend mangroves riveraines des forêts, des zones humides et les pâturages. Il est le territoire des éleveurs, agriculteurs et les communautés de pêcheurs, et leurs stratégies de subsistance diverses ont contribué à préserver la biodiversité locale exceptionnelle. Cette étude évalue les conflits sur la biomasse à travers une analyse d'appropriation humaine de la production primaire nette (HANPP), un indicateur utilisé par les écologistes du système qui quantifie les changements induits par l'homme sur la productivité et la récolte des flux de biomasse. HANPP est calculé en voyant combien de la production primaire nette (NPP) de la biomasse flux créé par l'énergie solaire sont consommés par l'activité humaine, et combien est laissé dans les écosystèmes pour les autres espèces. Dans cet article, nous présentons les calculs de la HANPP dans un cadre de l'écologie politique en étudiant non seulement la répartition de la biomasse entre les humains et les non-humains, mais aussi (ce qui est le principal point) entre les différents groupes ou classes sociales de l'homme. Nous demandons aussi quelles alliances sont faits pour protéger la biodiversité et maintenir les moyens de subsistance intact. Dans une économie de plantation de canne à sucre, si la production de biomasse et la proportion appropriée par les humains augmente, les éleveurs Orma et les agriculteurs Pokomo seraient dépossédés, moins la biomasse seront dispo...

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The new politics of pastoralism: Identity, justice and global activism

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Intimate Mediations of For‐Profit Conservation Finance: Waste, Improvement, and Accumulation

Intimate Mediations of For‐Profit Conservation Finance: Waste, Improvement, and Accumulation

Brokering justice: global indigenous rights and struggles over hydropower in Nepal

Who gets the HANPP (Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production)? Biomass distribution and the bio-economy in the Tana Delta, Kenya

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