The New Politics of Energy Security in the European Union and Beyond

Prontera, Andrea

doi:10.4324/9781315555126

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Gas trade governance is a subject of constant tensions between importing and exporting countries. As EU-Russia attempts to define comprehensive energy trade rules has not been successful, the positions of the EU member states and Russia are defined broadly by the WTO rules (Prontera, 2017). Hence, the level of decision making is national or even supranational, which gives actors a high level of control over their choices.…”

Section: Focus On Energy Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining choices in energy infrastructure development as a network of adjacent action situations: The case of LNG in the Baltic Sea region

Gritsenko

2018

Energy Policy

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Highlights • NAAS concept operationalizes a polycentric perspective on energy infrastructure governance. • In the Baltic Sea region, LNG infrastructure fulfills expectations in three issue-areas simultaneously. • Not only actors, but also resources, information and rules can link action situations, affecting policy output. • Technological lock-in is more evident at the level of the Baltic region than of individual countries.

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Section: Focus On Energy Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining choices in energy infrastructure development as a network of adjacent action situations: The case of LNG in the Baltic Sea region

Gritsenko

2018

Energy Policy

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“…Brotherhood pipelines, and therefore decreasing revenues of their operators from transmission fees. 32 The 2016 OPAL Exemption will also have very negative effects on the market position of gas suppliers in Poland and Slovakia. This will be caused by a significant rise in their operating costs.…”

Section: The Legal Dispute Over the Regulatory Exemption Granted To Opalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poland and Slovakia will be strengthened, 34 as will their ability to abuse this market power. 32 That this scenario is a realistic one can be demonstrated by the fact that exactly such changes in the proportion of use of particular pipelines occurred in late December 2016 and early January 2017, i.e. when the operator of OPAL and Gazprom Export started to effectively implement the 2016 OPAL Exemption (eliminating the regulatory cap with regard to OPAL) and before those undertakings complied with the order of the General Court (issued on 23 December 2016) temporarily suspending the 2016 EC OPAL Decision.…”

Section: The Legal Dispute Over the Regulatory Exemption Granted To Opalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disputes Over the Pipelines Importing Russian Gas to the EU: How to Ensure Consistency in EU Energy Law and Policy?

Saracyn

2018

Baltic Journal of Law &Amp; Politics

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Europe is divided on how to construct and exploit pipelines importing Russian gas to the EU. The division evinces two opposing models, which I label (1) the Overcapacity and Exemption-Based Model and (2) the Optimal Capacity and Regulatory-Based Model. As those labels suggest, these models are premised on different assumptions as to the number and capacity of such pipelines that the EU requires, and as to how far those pipelines should be subject to EU energy law. The struggle between these models is not merely a legal one. More fundamentally, it is an economic and geopolitical one involving a wide range of stakeholders: public and private. This article evaluates the two models. By describing the legal disputes concerning OPAL and Nord Stream 2 and analysing their wider legal, economic and geopolitical implications, it argues that the second model (Optimal Capacity and Regulatory-Based) is clearly superior in today’s context. It is fully aligned with the objectives and provisions of EU energy law. In particular, it is consistent with that law’s aim of diversifying the external suppliers, sources and routes of gas supplies available to the EU. This article concludes that this latter model must win in the OPAL and Nord Stream 2 disputes, and, moreover, that it must be implemented with respect to all eastern import pipelines and connected pipelines before any further pro-competitive or pro-integrative reforms to the EU’s energy law and policy.

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“…These agreements, signed between governments, are often used to support commercial contracts signed between energy companies and, as such, often concern regulatory matters such as third‐party access to energy networks or energy prices. Examples of IGAs include those concluded bilaterally between 2009 and 2010 by the governments of Russia, and those of Austria, Bulgaria and Hungary, in the context of the South Stream project (Prontera, 2017b, p. 116).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Commission in Intergovernmental Agreements in the Field of Energy. A Foot in the Door Technique?

Batzella

2021

J of Common Market Studies

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The European Commission has been active in proposing legislation on the exchange of information on Intergovernmental Agreements (IGAs) in the field of energy, pushing for an ex ante control mechanism which most member states have been reluctant to accept. This article aims to explain the extent to which and the conditions under which the Commission has been able to achieve its IGAs objectives. It argues that they have been achieved to a considerable extent due to the ability of the Commission to build on its agenda-setting powers and the preference alignment of member states. The article offers a thorough analysis of two consecutive legislative processes: the first leading to Decision 994/2012 and the second repealing the former and leading to Decision 2017/684. The analysis builds on legislative documents, secondary sources and data collected during two rounds of interviews in 2013 and 2018.

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The New Politics of Energy Security in the European Union and Beyond

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Explaining choices in energy infrastructure development as a network of adjacent action situations: The case of LNG in the Baltic Sea region

Explaining choices in energy infrastructure development as a network of adjacent action situations: The case of LNG in the Baltic Sea region

Disputes Over the Pipelines Importing Russian Gas to the EU: How to Ensure Consistency in EU Energy Law and Policy?

The Role of the Commission in Intergovernmental Agreements in the Field of Energy. A Foot in the Door Technique?

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