The neuroscience and context of adolescent depression

Blom, Eva Henje; Ho, Tiffany C.; Connolly, Colm G.; LeWinn, Kaja Z.; Sacchet, Matthew D.; Tymofiyeva, Olga; Weng, Helen Y.; Yang, Tony T.

doi:10.1111/apa.13299

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Adolescents who engage in specific HRBs, such as alcohol or drug use, tend to experience higher levels of psychological distress and depression, and face greater vulnerability to other psychiatric disorders (Bagge & Sher, 2008 thus, depressed adolescents may engage in HRBs as coping strategies against daily stress (Wickrama & Wickrama, 2010). Moreover, adolescent depression negatively influences brain development because of hyperactivation of the amygdala and aberrant functional connectivity of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex with other regions (Henje Blom et al, 2016). This impairment may relate to emotion processing and regulation, which are required for proper cognitive ability and behavioural skills for health promotion.…”

Section: Different Rates Of Multiple Hrbs Depending On Mental Healtmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are depression and suicidal ideation associated with multiple health risk behaviours among adolescents? A secondary data analysis using the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey

Kim

Park

2020

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Adolescents who partake in one health risk behaviour (HRB) easily adopt other HRBs, simultaneously or subsequently. Multiple HRBs might threaten adolescents’ future health in adulthood. Adolescents with psychological problems have higher rates of smoking, alcohol use, early sexual initiation and activity, and illicit substance use compared with others. What does this paper add to existing knowledge? A considerable number of Korean adolescents with mental health problems were engaged in multiple HRBs. For those with mental health problems, more than half of the Korean adolescents with multiple HRBs tended to use alcohol and cigarettes concurrently. Korean adolescents who felt depressed and had suicidal ideation were more likely to engage in a greater number of HRBs. Substance abuse is the most prevalent problem that is combined with other HRBs among those with depression and suicidal ideation compared to those who exhibited other HRBs. What are the implications for practice? When mental health nurses working in schools and community centres for mental health identify Korean adolescents with significant depression and suicide ideation levels, they should also assess adolescents’ engagement in multiple HRBs. Population‐based campaigns and policy changes that emphasize both psychological health and risky behaviour reduction among adolescents should be provided simultaneously to students and school nurses. Abstract IntroductionThere is limited understanding about whether poor mental health is associated with certain combinations of multiple health risk behaviours (HRBs) such as smoking, drinking, early sexual activity and substance abuse. AimTo determine the prevalence of multiple HRBs and to identify associations between poor mental health and multiple HRBs as the number of HRBs increases. MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted using the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey (N = 65,528). Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted using the complex sample data. ResultsOverall, 28.6% and 13.9% of Korean adolescents were involved in one or multiple HRBs, respectively. Adolescents who were depressed (OR = 1.43–4.47, 95% CI = 1.37–1.49 to 3.23–6.20) and/or who had suicidal ideation (OR = 1.33–3.19, 95% CI = 1.25–1.42 to 2.25–4.51) were more likely to engage in multiple HRBs. DiscussionA considerable numbers of Korean adolescents are engaged in multiple HRBs. When adolescents self‐reported depression and suicidal ideation, they were more likely to engage in a greater number of HRBs than single HRB. Implications for practiceTailored interventions to decrease multiple HRBs should be designed and provided by considering adolescents’ mental health status and needs.

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Section: Different Rates Of Multiple Hrbs Depending On Mental Healtmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are depression and suicidal ideation associated with multiple health risk behaviours among adolescents? A secondary data analysis using the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey

Kim

Park

2020

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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“…As adolescence is a time of fluctuating positive and negative emotional experiences, it is a vulnerable time for depression. However, as with adult depression described above, there is a heterogeneity in symptoms of adolescent depression and it is not entirely clear how they map to neurobiology [6]. One reason for this has been inconsistent use of questionnaires and assessments in research, which lack any specific detail about mood change in depression [7].…”

Section: Adolescent Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Role Does the Prefrontal Cortex Play in the Processing of Negative and Positive Stimuli in Adolescent Depression?

Kaya

McCabe

2019

Brain Sciences

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This perspective describes the contribution of the prefrontal cortex to the symptoms of depression in adolescents and specifically the processing of positive and negative information. We also discuss how the prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity and connectivity during tasks and at rest might be a biomarker for risk for depression onset in adolescents. We include some of our recent work examining not only the anticipation and consummation of positive and negative stimuli, but also effort to gain positive and avoid negative stimuli in adolescents with depression. We find, using region of interest analyses, that the PFC is blunted in those with depression compared to controls across the different phases but in a larger sample the PFC is blunted in the anticipatory phase of the study only. Taken together, in adolescents with depression there is evidence for dysfunctional PFC activity across different studies and tasks. However, the data are limited with small sample sizes and inconsistent findings. Larger longitudinal studies with more detailed assessments of symptoms across the spectrum are needed to further evaluate the role of the PFC in adolescent depression.

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“…These included discussions about bullying, climate change, and other factors about which the participants were concerned (49). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of a Novel RDoC-Based Treatment Program for Adolescent Depression: “Training for Awareness Resilience and Action” (TARA)—A Pilot Study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe novel group treatment program Training for Awareness, Resilience, and Action (TARA) was developed to target specific mechanisms based on neuroscience findings in adolescent depression and framed within the National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria. TARA contains training of autonomic and emotional self-regulation, interoceptive awareness, relational skills, and value-based committed action.MethodsWe performed a single-arm trial to test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of TARA in reducing depression and anxiety levels and assessed whether the specific targeted domains of function reflected the hypothesized symptom change. Twenty-six adolescents (14–18 years old, 7 males and 19 females) participated in the 12-week group program. Assessment was performed before (T0), immediately after (T1), and 3 months after the end of TARA (T2).ResultsSignificant improvement was seen in depression symptoms (Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale Second Edition) between T0–T1 (t-value = −3.56, p = 0.002, CI = −6.64, −1.77) and T0–T2 (t-value = −4.17, p < 0.001, CI = −11.20, −3.75) and anxiety symptoms (Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children) between T0–T1 (t-value = −2.26, p = 0.033, CI = −4.61, −0.21) and T0–T2 (t-value = −3.06, p = 0.006, 95% confidence interval = −9.02, −1.73). Significant improvements in psychological flexibility, sleep, and mindfulness skills were also found between T0 and T2.LimitationsThe sample size was small without a control condition. The pilot design did not allow for testing the hypothesized brain changes and effect of TARA on relevant systemic biomarkers.ConclusionTARA is feasible in a sample of clinically depressed and/or anxious adolescents and preliminary efficacy was demonstrated by reduced depression and anxiety symptoms. The specific symptom and behavioral outcomes corresponded well with the hypothesized mechanisms of change.

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The neuroscience and context of adolescent depression

Cited by 26 publications

References 77 publications

How are depression and suicidal ideation associated with multiple health risk behaviours among adolescents? A secondary data analysis using the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey

How are depression and suicidal ideation associated with multiple health risk behaviours among adolescents? A secondary data analysis using the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey

What Role Does the Prefrontal Cortex Play in the Processing of Negative and Positive Stimuli in Adolescent Depression?

Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of a Novel RDoC-Based Treatment Program for Adolescent Depression: “Training for Awareness Resilience and Action” (TARA)—A Pilot Study

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