The Neuropterid Fauna of Dominican and Mexican Amber (Neuropterida: Megaloptera, Neuroptera)

Engel, Michael S.; Grimaldi, David A.

doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3587[1:tnfoda]2.0.co;2

Cited by 78 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The discovery of a complete larva in Early Cretaceous amber from Spain is, therefore, of considerable significance. Remarkably, not only does the specimen have the specialized morphological structures for carrying debris, but its trash packet, comprising a dense cloud of fern trichomes, is intact, demonstrating that the antiquity of the trash-carrying behavior extends to at least the Early Cretaceous, confirming previous predictions (8). This specialized camouflage strategy implies certain morphological and behavioral adaptations that are discussed in this report and, more remarkably, highlights the longterm stasis of this behavior in green lacewings, stretching over at least 110 million years.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

Fuente

Delclòs

Peñalver

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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119

104

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Taxa within diverse lineages select and transport exogenous materials for the purposes of camouflage. This adaptive behavior also occurs in insects, most famously in green lacewing larvae who nestle the trash among setigerous cuticular processes, known as trash-carrying, rendering them nearly undetectable to predators and prey, as well as forming a defensive shield. We report an exceptional discovery of a green lacewing larva in Early Cretaceous amber from Spain with specialized cuticular processes forming a dorsal basket that carry a dense trash packet. The trash packet is composed of trichomes of gleicheniacean ferns, which highlight the presence of wildfires in this early forest ecosystem. This discovery provides direct evidence of an early acquisition of a sophisticated behavioral suite in stasis for over 110 million years and an ancient plant-insect interaction.paleoethology | paleoecology | behavioral stasis | paleoentomology | paleobotany

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supporting

confidence: 83%

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

Fuente

Delclòs

Peñalver

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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119

104

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“…The fossil record of Mantispidae includes 12 described species that range from the Early Jurassic to the Middle Miocene (Cockerel 1921;Panfilov 1980;Nel 1989;Makarkin 1990Makarkin , 1997Ohl 2004;Poinar 2006;Engel & Grimaldi 2007;Wedmann & Makarkin 2007;Poinar & Buckley 2011). A mantispid larva is known from the Late Eocene Baltic amber (Ohl 2011).…”

Section: Systematic Position Of Dipteromantispidaementioning

confidence: 99%

A new Cretaceous family of enigmatic two-winged lacewings (Neuroptera)

2013

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Lacewings (Neuroptera) normally bear four well-developed wings. There are a few brachypterous, micropterous or apterous species, found in several extant families; this wing reduction is usually associated with flightlessness. The only documented fossil neuropteran with reduced hind wings (modified to small haltere-like structures) is the enigmatic minute genus Mantispidiptera Grimaldi from the Late Cretaceous amber of New Jersey. In this paper, we report a new genus and species from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China (Dipteromantispa brevisubcosta n. gen. et n. sp.) resembling Mantispidiptera. We place these two genera in the new family Dipteromantispidae, n. fam. They bear well-developed forewings with reduced venation, and hind wings that are extremely modified as small structures resembling the halteres of Diptera. Dipteromantispidae n. fam. might be specialized descendants of some early Berothidae or of stem group Mantispidae + Berothidae. We presume that dipteromantispids were active fliers. This is a remarkable example of parallel evolution of wing structures in this neuropteran family and Diptera. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.201300002" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.201300002</a>

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“…MacLeay (Woodruff, 2009); the histerid genus Trypanaeus Eschscholtz (Chatzimanolis et al, 2006); weevils of the genera Proeces Schönherr, Dryophthorus Germar, and Stenommatus Wollaston (Davis & Engel, 2006; the dustywing genus Spiloconis Enderlein (Meinander, 1998;Engel & Grimaldi, 2007b;Grimaldi et al, 2013a); valeseguyid and carnid flies (Grimaldi, 1991(Grimaldi, , 1997; window flies of the genus Metatrichia Coquillett (Yeates & Grimaldi, 1993); parasitoid wasps of the genera Ophrynopus Konow, Ceraphron Jurine, Masona van Achterberg, Leucospis Fabricius, Leptofoenus Smith, Bocchus Ashmead, Ceratochrysis Cooper, and Pristapenesia Brues (Olmi, 1989;Prentice et al, 1996;Brothers & Janzen, 1999;van Achterberg, 2001;Engel, 2002Engel, , 2006Engel, , 2008Engel, , 2009bEngel, , 2013; fig wasps of the genera Pegoscapus Cameron and Tetrapus Mayr (Peñalver et al, 2006); the ant genera Leptomyrmex Mayr, Azteca Forel, Neivamyrmex Borgmeier, and Paraponera Smith (Baroni Urbani, 1980;Wilson, 1985Wilson, , 1988Baroni Urbani & Wilson, 1987); apoid wasps of the genera Lindenius Lepeletier & Brullé and Pison Spinola (Antropov & Pulawski, 1996;Bennett & Engel, 2006, 2008; and bees of the genera Chilicola Spinola, Neocorynura Schrottky, Thaumatosoma Smith, Anthophorula Cockerell, and Euglossa Latreille (Engel, 1995(Engel, , 1999a(Engel, , 1999b(Engel, , 1999cEngel et al, 2012), among many other arthropod lineages. To this long list of regional extinctions may be added the genus Clystopsenella, but given how little we know of the true distribution for C. longiventris one might wonder if in time it too shall reveal itse...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wasp genus Clystopsenella in Early Miocene amber from the Dominican Republic (Hymenoptera: Scolebythidae)

Engel

2015

Novit. Paleoentomol.

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Abstract. Clystopsenella Clystopsenella longiventris Clystopsenella mirabilisC. longiventris evidence regarding possible host associations or behaviors have been published (e.g., Day, 1977;Evans et al., 1979;Brothers, 1981). Melo (2000) reported that Pristapenesia stricta (Azevedo) developed gregariously as idiobiont parasitoids of anobiid larvae (Bostrichoidea: Anobiidae). In this species, the adult female digs her way into the beetle's tunnels and upon discovering the larva proceeds to sting it and deposit several eggs along the immobilized larva. Once the wasp's larvae eclose, they feed gregariously on the beetle until eventually spinning their pupal cocoons. During the same study, Melo (2000) was able to document sibling mating and noted that this, along with their association with wood-boring beetle hosts, likely confers upon scolebythids an ease for becoming adventive. Indeed, accidental introduction had already been suggested as a possible explanation for the widely disjunct occurrences of Ycaploca evansi Nagy (Naumann, 1990). Ycaploca evansi has been assumed to develop on larvae of Cerambycidae (Day, 1977;Brothers, 1981), while Scolebythus madecassus Evans was found in presumed beetle burrows in rotting wood (Evans et al., 1979). Fossil scolebythids significantly outnumber the presently known extant species (Aguiar et al., 2013; Table 1). The first fossil scolebythid, Pristapenesia primaeva Brues, was described as a bethylid (as the family Scolebythidae was not established until several decades later) in Middle Eocene Baltic amber (Brues, 1933). Brues (1933) did not recognize the similarity between Pristapenesia Brues and Clystopsenella Kieffer, the only two scolebythids then known and both placed in Bethylidae. It was not until three decades later that Evans (1963) realized, when describing Scolebythus Evans, the distinctiveness of the group from bethylids, although he did not at that time recognize that P. primaeva belonged to the same lineage. Prentice et al. (1996) also did not realize the proper placement of P. primaeva when they described two fossil scolebythids from Lebanese and Dominican amber. Indeed, it was not until Brothers & Janzen (1999) studied a new series of male and female P. primaeva that the proper placement for this genus was discovered, and that the Dominican amber fossil described by Prentice et al. (1996) was congeneric. In fact, it is now understood that Pristapenesia also includes two of the modern species (Azevedo et al., 2011). Subsequently, scolebythids have been discovered in numerous deposits, virtually all being represented by inclusions in amber with the sole exception of two species from Liaoning, China (Cai et al., 2012). Cretaceous scolebythids have been discussed and described from Barremian Lebanese amber (Prentice et al., 1996;Engel & Grimaldi, 2007a; vide Maksoud et al., 2014, on recent dating of these deposits), Barremian Jordanian amber (Kaddumi, 2005: which appears to be an individual of Zapenesia Engel & Grimaldi), Albian Spanish amber , Turonian New Jersey am...

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The Neuropterid Fauna of Dominican and Mexican Amber (Neuropterida: Megaloptera, Neuroptera)

Cited by 78 publications

References 49 publications

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

A new Cretaceous family of enigmatic two-winged lacewings (Neuroptera)

The wasp genus <i>Clystopsenella</i> in Early Miocene amber from the Dominican Republic (Hymenoptera: Scolebythidae)

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