The neuropsychological study of schizophrenia: A methodological perspective.

Strauss, Milton E.; Summerfelt, Ann

doi:10.1037/10477-008

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Yet, in contrast, the present findings clearly favored a unitary cognitive dimension of the BACS battery. This finding provides broader support for a unitary dimension of generalized cognitive deficit in the literature in step with stronger methodology and more sophisticated statistical analyses (Strauss & Summerfelt, 2003). Additionally, Dickinson and colleagues (2004) reported that a single common factor accounted for the majority of intellectual and memory deficits in schizophrenia patients (compared to controls) and higher order models accounted for little unique betweengroup variance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Unitary construct of generalized cognitive ability underlying BACS performance across psychotic disorders and in their first-degree relatives

Hochberger

Hill

Nelson

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research

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Despite robust evidence of neurocognitive dysfunction in psychotic patients, the degree of similarity in cognitive architecture across psychotic disorders and among their respective first-degree relatives is not well delineated. The present study examined the latent factor structure of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) neuropsychological battery. Analyses were conducted on 783 psychosis spectrum probands (schizophrenia, schizoaffective, psychotic bipolar), 887 of their first-degree relatives, and 396 non-psychiatric controls from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) consortium. Exploratory factor analysis of BACS subtest scores indicated a single-factor solution that was similar across all groups and provided the best overall data fit in confirmatory analyses. Correlations between the standard BACS composite score and the sum of subscale scores weighted by their loadings on this unitary factor was very high in all groups (r ≥.99). Thus, the BACS assesses a similar unitary cognitive construct in probands with different psychotic disorders, in their first-degree relatives, and in healthy controls, and this factor is well measured by the test’s standard composite score.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Unitary construct of generalized cognitive ability underlying BACS performance across psychotic disorders and in their first-degree relatives

Hochberger

Hill

Nelson

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research

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“…For example, Strauss and Summerfelt (2003) reported that a single factor sufficiently accounted for neuropsychological test performance in schizophrenia patients. When comparing WAIS-III0Wechsler Memory Scale-III (WMS-III) performance in outpatients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals, a single common factor accounted for the majority of patient deficits, and data from specific domains accounted for very little unique between-group variance (Dickinson et al, 2004).…”

Section: Factor Structure Of Neuropsychological Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of the CATIE and BACS neuropsychological batteries in assessing cognitive effects of antipsychotic treatments in schizophrenia

Hill

Sweeney

Hamer

et al. 2008

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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Efficient and reliable assessments of cognitive treatment effects are essential for the comparative evaluation of procognitive effects of pharmacologic therapies. Yet, no studies have addressed the sensitivity and efficiency with which neurocognitive batteries evaluate cognitive abilities before and after treatment. Participants were primarily first episode schizophrenia patients who completed baseline (n 5 367) and 12-week (n 5 219) assessments with the BACS (Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia) and CATIE (Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness) neuropsychological batteries in a clinical trial comparing olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that performance on both batteries was characterized by a single factor of generalized cognitive deficit for both baseline performance and cognitive change after treatment. Both batteries estimated similar levels of change following treatment, although the BACS battery required half the administration time. Because a unitary factor characterized baseline cognitive abilities in early psychosis as well as cognitive change after treatment with atypical antipsychotic medications, short batteries such as the BACS may efficiently provide sufficient assessment of procognitive treatment effects with antipsychotic medications. Assessment of cognitive effects of adjunctive therapies targeting specific cognitive domains or impairments may require more extensive testing of the domains targeted to maximize sensitivity for detecting specific predicted cognitive outcomes. (JINS, 2008, 14, 209-221.)

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“…Of these, 12 studies reported multiple, between-dimension, bivariate correlations between individual MATRICS battery variables or analogues. 28,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Seven studies reported bivariate correlations between composite scores that matched or were similar to certain MATRICS-designated cognitive dimensions. 1,27,[41][42][43][44][45] Two studies reported both individual measure and composite correlations.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Less Unique Variance Than Meets the Eye: Overlap Among Traditional Neuropsychological Dimensions in Schizophrenia

Dickinson

Gold

2007

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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The magnitude of the overlap among dimensions of neuropsychological test performance in schizophrenia has been the subject of perennial controversy. This issue has taken on renewed importance with the recent focus on cognition as a treatment target in schizophrenia. A substantial body of factor analytic literature indicates that dimensions are separable in schizophrenia. However, this literature is generally uninformative as to whether the separable dimensions are independent, weakly correlated, or strongly correlated. Factor analyses have often used methods (ie, principal components analysis with orthogonal rotation) that preclude this determination, and correlations among factor-based domain composites and underlying measures have been reported infrequently in these studies. Current meta-analyses of reported "between-dimension" correlations for individual neuropsychological measures and for cognitive domain composite variables indicate that cognition variables in schizophrenia are correlated, on average, at a "medium" level of r = 0.37 for individual measures from different cognitive dimensions and r = 0.45 for domain composites. Because these are mean bivariate correlations, the multiple correlation of an individual measure with all the other measures in a cognitive battery is likely to be higher. Measure reliabilities of 0.80 or less also imply greater commonality among traditional neuropsychological measures. In short, there are underappreciated constraints on the amount of reliable cognitive performance variance in traditional neuropsychological test batteries that is free to vary independently. The ability of such batteries to reveal cognitive domain-specific treatment effects in schizophrenia may be much more limited than is generally assumed.

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The neuropsychological study of schizophrenia: A methodological perspective.

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Unitary construct of generalized cognitive ability underlying BACS performance across psychotic disorders and in their first-degree relatives

Unitary construct of generalized cognitive ability underlying BACS performance across psychotic disorders and in their first-degree relatives

Efficiency of the CATIE and BACS neuropsychological batteries in assessing cognitive effects of antipsychotic treatments in schizophrenia

Less Unique Variance Than Meets the Eye: Overlap Among Traditional Neuropsychological Dimensions in Schizophrenia

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