The Neuropsychological Basis of Emotion and Social Cognition in Men

Zaroff, Charles M.; Ku, Lisbeth

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7615-4_10

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…This could be partly explained by the large proportion of men in this cluster. Indeed, it is well documented that men experience and express their emotions less intensely and are less skilled at recognizing emotions than women ( 72 ). This could have implications for therapeutic treatment, suggesting that interventions targeting the ability to recognize emotions may benefit men seeking psychological help.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles of theory of mind impairments and personality in clinical and community samples: integrating the alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders

Lampron,

Achim,

Gamache

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionDeficits in theory of mind (ToM)—the ability to infer the mental states of others—have been linked to antagonistic traits in community samples. ToM deficits have also been identified in people with personality disorders (PD), although with conflicting evidence, partly due to the use of categorical diagnoses. The DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) provides an opportunity for a more precise understanding of the interplay between ToM abilities and personality pathology. Therefore, the study aims to determine whether and how individuals with diverse ToM profiles differ regarding personality impairment (AMPD Criterion A) and pathological facets (AMPD Criterion B).MethodAdults with PD (n = 39) and from the community (n = 42) completed tests assessing ToM skills and self-reported questionnaires assessing AMPD Criteria A and B. Hierarchical agglomerative and TwoStep cluster analyses were consecutively computed using scores and subscores from ToM tests as clustering variables. Multivariate analyses of variance were subsequently performed to compare the clusters on both AMPD Criteria. Five clinically and conceptually meaningful clusters were found. The most notable differences across clusters were observed for Intimacy and Empathy dysfunctions (Criterion A), as well as for the Deceitfulness, Callousness, and Hostility facets from the Antagonism domain and the Restricted affectivity facet from the Detachment domain (Criterion B).DiscussionThe results support the association between antagonistic personality facets and ToM deficits. However, clusters showing impairments in ToM abilities did not necessarily exhibit high levels of personality dysfunction or pathological facets, emphasizing that both constructs are not isomorphic. Nevertheless, specific profiles can help refine existing interventions to make them more sensitive and specific to the nature of ToM dysfunctions while considering personality functioning and facets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%