The Neuroprotective Functions of Selenoprotein M and its Role in Cytosolic Calcium Regulation

Reeves, Mariclair A.; Bellinger, Frederick P.; Berry, Marla J.

doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2883

Cited by 136 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In addition, Sep15 has been implicated in preventing liver (192), prostate (147), breast (264), and lung cancers (8). However, other studies demonstrated a role of Sep15 in promoting some types of cancer including colon cancer (153,347 (294). However, the exact function of SelM and its physiological roles in the brain as well as in other tissues remain unclear.…”

Section: H the 15-kda Selenoprotein And Selenoprotein Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

Labunskyy

Hatfield

Gladyshev³

2014

Physiological Reviews

1,024

835

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Selenium is an essential micronutrient with important functions in human health and relevance to several pathophysiological conditions. The biological effects of selenium are largely mediated by selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) that are present in all three domains of life. Although selenoproteins represent diverse molecular pathways and biological functions, all these proteins contain at least one selenocysteine (Sec), a seleniumcontaining amino acid, and most serve oxidoreductase functions. Sec is cotranslationally inserted into nascent polypeptide chains in response to the UGA codon, whose normal function is to terminate translation. To decode UGA as Sec, organisms evolved the Sec insertion machinery that allows incorporation of this amino acid at specific UGA codons in a process requiring a cis-acting Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element. Although the basic mechanisms of Sec synthesis and insertion into proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have been studied in great detail, the identity and functions of many selenoproteins remain largely unknown. In the last decade, there has been significant progress in characterizing selenoproteins and selenoproteomes and understanding their physiological functions. We discuss current knowledge about how these unique proteins perform their functions at the molecular level and highlight new insights into the roles that selenoproteins play in human health.

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Section: H the 15-kda Selenoprotein And Selenoprotein Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

Labunskyy

Hatfield

Gladyshev³

2014

Physiological Reviews

1,024

835

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After 24 h, cells were lysed, an aliquot of the whole cell lysate stored at Ϫ20°C, and remaining whole cell lysates were incubated with 15 l of protein-A Dynabeads (Invitrogen) with 10 g of prebound monoclonal anti-SelK for 2 h to immunoprecipitate SelK. The beads were washed and incubated at 95°C for 10 min in laemmli buffer and autoradiography performed as previously described (17). HEK293 cells were transfected with this plasmid or empty control plasmid using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) for 24 h before lysis and analysis for protein expression.…”

Section: Preparation Of Ex Vivo Cells and Bmdm-purification Of T Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenoprotein K Is a Novel Target of m-Calpain, and Cleavage Is Regulated by Toll-like Receptor-induced Calpastatin in Macrophages

Huang

Hoffmann

Norton

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Selenoprotein K is important for calcium-dependent activation of immune cells. Results: Selenoprotein K is cleaved by m-calpain in resting macrophages, but Toll-like receptor activation induces calpastatin generating full-length, functional selenoprotein K. Conclusion: Proteolytic modulation of selenoprotein K is important for macrophage activation. Significance: New roles are defined for the calpain/calpastatin system and selenoprotein K during macrophage activation and inflammation.

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“…In PD pathology not only Se-dependent antioxidative enzymes are affected; both the level and activity of other enzymes related to the GSH metabolism are also changed. Increased expression of glutathione Stransferase (GST), which is a major enzyme involved in the regulation of oxidative stress, was observed in SN as well as in cerebrospinal fluid from PD patients [150][151][152].…”

Section: Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium in the therapy of neurological diseases. Where is it going?

Dominiak¹,

Wilkaniec²,

Wroczyński³

et al. 2015

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Selenium ( 34 Se), an antioxidant trace element, is an important regulator of brain function. These beneficial properties that Se possesses are attributed to its ability to be incorporated into selenoproteins as an amino acid. Several selenoproteins are expressed in the brain, in which some of them, e.g. glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) or selenoprotein P (SelP), are strongly involved in antioxidant defence and in maintaining intercellular reducing conditions. Since increased oxidative stress has been implicated in neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, epilepsy and others, a growing body of evidence suggests that Se depletion followed by decreased activity of Se-dependent enzymes may be important factors connected with those pathologies. Undoubtedly, the remarkable progress that has been made in understanding the biological function of Se in the brain has opened up new potential possibilities for the treatment of neurological diseases by using Se as a potential drug. However, further research in the search for optimal Se donors is necessary in order to achieve an effective and safe therapeutic income.

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The Neuroprotective Functions of Selenoprotein M and its Role in Cytosolic Calcium Regulation

Cited by 136 publications

References 35 publications

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

Selenoprotein K Is a Novel Target of m-Calpain, and Cleavage Is Regulated by Toll-like Receptor-induced Calpastatin in Macrophages

Selenium in the therapy of neurological diseases. Where is it going?

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