The Neurohypophysial Endocrine Regulatory Cascade: Precursors, Mediators, Receptors, and Effectors

Acher, Roger; Chauvet, Jacqueline

doi:10.1006/frne.1995.1009

Cited by 109 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Plasma K ϩ concentration was higher in V1aR-KO mice, whereas the urinary pH under basal conditions was lower in V1aR-KO mice than in WT mice (246). Stimulation of urinary acidification by the drinking of NH 4 Cl resulted in a decrease in the urinary pH in both WT and V1aR-KO mice, but urinary pH levels were lower in V1aR-KO mice than in WT mice. The increase in net acid excretion was significantly smaller in V1aR-KO mice because of insufficient ammonium excretion.…”

Section: B Renal Functionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In all vertebrate species studied to date, magnocellular and parvocellular AVP-like neurons are recognized in the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus (179). AVP and OT are produced from larger precursor proteins, prepro-AVP and prepro-OT, respectively (4,286). Prepro-AVP is cleaved in the secretory granules to produce a signal peptide of 19 amino acids, a nonapeptide AVP, neurophysin 2, and copeptin, whereas prepro-OT is processed to OT and neurophysin 1 (73,92).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems

Koshimizu

Nakamura

Egashira

et al. 2012

Physiological Reviews

322

297

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The neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) is essential for a wide range of physiological functions, including water reabsorption, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone secretion, and social behavior. These and other actions of AVP are mediated by at least three distinct receptor subtypes: V1a, V1b, and V2. Although the antidiuretic action of AVP and V2 receptor in renal distal tubules and collecting ducts is relatively well understood, recent years have seen an increasing understanding of the physiological roles of V1a and V1b receptors. The V1a receptor is originally found in the vascular smooth muscle and the V1b receptor in the anterior pituitary. Deletion of V1a or V1b receptor genes in mice revealed that the contributions of these receptors extend far beyond cardiovascular or hormone-secreting functions. Together with extensively developed pharmacological tools, genetically altered rodent models have advanced the understanding of a variety of AVP systems. Our report reviews the findings in this important field by covering a wide range of research, from the molecular physiology of V1a and V1b receptors to studies on whole animals, including gene knockout/knockdown studies.

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Section: B Renal Functionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems

Koshimizu

Nakamura

Egashira

et al. 2012

Physiological Reviews

322

297

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show abstract

“…preoptic and lateral tuberal nuclei). Plasma AVT and IT levels represent a balance between hormonal secretion from the pituitary and a variety of removal processes, including renal clearance, enzymatic degradation and binding to receptors in various tissues (Goossens et al, 1977;van den Dungen et al, 1982;Acher, 1993;Acher and Chauvet, 1995;Goodson and Bass, 2000).…”

Section: Regulation Of Avt and It Synthesis And Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, plasma AVT and IT expression is controlled on multiple levels, including transcription and peptide synthesis, maturation, transport, storage and release. Both hormones initiate their physiological activities by interacting with specific receptors within target tissues (Goossens et al, 1977;van den Dungen et al, 1982;Acher, 1993;Acher and Chauvet, 1995;Goodson and Bass, 2000). Therefore, the presence of AVT and/or IT receptors (AVTR and ITR, respectively; members of the G-protein coupled receptor family) in specific tissues or organs suggests that these systems are involved in their physiological function (Mahlmann et al, 1994;Hausmann et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol modulates vasotocinergic and isotocinergic pathways in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, Linnaeus 1758)

Cádiz

Román-Padilla

Gozdowska

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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In the present study, we assessed the responses of the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems to chronic stress induced by cortisol administration in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Pituitary and plasma arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT) levels, as well as hypothalamic pro-vasotocin (pro-VT) and pro-isotocin (pro-IT) mRNA expression levels, were analysed. In addition, the mRNA levels of three receptors, AVTR type V1a2, AVTR type V2 and ITR, were analysed in several target organs associated with the following physiological processes: (i) integration and control (hypothalamus), (ii) metabolism and its control (liver and hypothalamus), (iii) osmoregulation (gills) and (iv) stress response (head kidney). Specimens were injected intraperitoneally with slow-release implants (5 μL g −1 body mass) containing coconut oil alone (control group) or with cortisol (50 μg g −1 body mass; cortisol group). Both AVT and IT synthesis and release were correlated with plasma cortisol values, suggesting a potential interaction between both hormonal systems and cortisol administration. Our results suggest that the activation of hepatic metabolism as well as the hypothalamic control of metabolic processes provide the energy necessary to overcome stress, which could be partly mediated by AVTRs and ITR. Upregulation of branchial AVT and IT receptor expression following cortisol treatment suggests an involvement of the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems in the regulation of ion channels/transporters during stressful situations. Finally, changes in AVT and IT receptor mRNA expression in the head kidney suggest these nonapeptides participate in feedback mechanisms that regulate the synthesis/release of cortisol. Our results indicate a relationship between cortisol and both the vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems during simulated chronic stress in S. aurata.

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“…VP and VT play a major role in osmoregulation (2) and have therefore been called antidiuretic hormones. A few groups of parvocellular VT-immunoreactive (ir) neurons not related to the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system have also been described in several avian species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The parvocellular vasotocin system of Japanese quail: a developmental and adult model for the study of influences of gonadal hormones on sexually differentiated and behaviorally relevant neural circuits.

Panzica

Balthazart

Pessatti³

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Vasotocin (VT; the antidiuretic hormone of birds) is synthesized by diencephalic magnocellular neurons projecting to the neurohypophysis. A sexually dimorphic system of VT-immunoreactive (ir) parvocellular elements has been described within the male medial preoptic nucleus (POM) and the nucleus of the stria terminalis, pars medialis (BSTm). VT-ir fibers are present in many diencephalic and extradiencephalic locations, and quantitative morphometric analyses demonstrated their sexually dimorphic distribution in regions involved in the control of different aspects of reproduction. Moreover, systemic or intracerebroventricular injections of VT markedly inhibit the expression of some aspects of male sexual behavior. In adult animals, circulating levels of testosterone (T) have a profound influence on the VT immunoreactivity within BSTm, POM, and lateral septum. Castration markedly decreases the immunoreaction, whereas T-replacement therapy restores a situation similar to the intact birds. We observed no changes in gonadectomized females treated with T. These changes parallel similar changes in male copulatory behavior (not present in castrated male quail, fully expressed in castrated, T-treated males). The restoration by T of the VT immunoreactivity in castrated male quail could be fully mimicked by a treatment with estradiol (E(2)), suggesting that the aromatization of T into E(2) may play a key limiting role in both the activation of male sexual behavior and the induction of VT synthesis. This dimorphism has an organizational nature: administration of E(2) to quail embryos (a treatment that abolishes male sexual behavior) results in a dramatic decrease of the VT immunoreactivity in sexually dimorphic regions. Conversely, the inhibition of E(2) synthesis during embryonic life (a treatment that stimulates the expression of male copulatory behavior in treated females exposed in adulthood to T) results in a malelike distribution of VT immunoreactivity. The VT parvocellular system of the Japanese quail can therefore be considered an accurate marker of the sexual differentiation of brain circuits mediating copulatory behavior and could be a very sensitive indicator of the activity of estrogenlike substances on neural circuits.

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The Neurohypophysial Endocrine Regulatory Cascade: Precursors, Mediators, Receptors, and Effectors

Cited by 109 publications

References 0 publications

Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems

Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems

Cortisol modulates vasotocinergic and isotocinergic pathways in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, Linnaeus 1758)

The parvocellular vasotocin system of Japanese quail: a developmental and adult model for the study of influences of gonadal hormones on sexually differentiated and behaviorally relevant neural circuits.

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