The Neurodevelopmental Frontostriatal Disorders: Evolutionary Adaptiveness and Anomalous Lateralization

Bradshaw, John L.; Sheppard, Dianne Melinda

doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2308

Cited by 147 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…This hypothesis for understanding the evolutionary development of ADHD is supported and developed further by several others (12,13,15,16).…”

Section: The Response-readiness Theorysupporting

confidence: 54%

“…In the face of this challenge a number of different explanations for the evolutionary persistence of ADHD have been proposed. Specifically, it has been suggested that while the ADHD may be maladaptive in the present environment, it has contributed to increased fitness in an ancestral environment allowing individuals to survive and pass on their genes (11,12). Examples of this so-called "mismatch theory" (13) are outlined below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empirical tests of natural selection-based evolutionary accounts of ADHD: a systematic review

Thagaard

Faraone

Sonuga‐Barke

et al. 2016

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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(248 words)Objective: ADHD is a prevalent and highly heritable mental disorder associated with significant impairment, morbidity and increased rates of mortality. This combination of high prevalence and high morbidity/mortality seen in ADHD and other mental disorders presents a challenge to naturalselection-based models of human evolution. Several hypotheses have been proposed in an attempt to resolve this apparent paradox. The aim of this study was to review the evidence for these hypotheses. Methods:We conducted a systematic review of the literature on empirical investigations of naturalselection-based evolutionary accounts for ADHD in adherence with the PRISMA guideline. The PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were screened for relevant publications, by combining search terms covering evolution/selection with search terms covering ADHD. Results:The search identified 790 records. Of these, 15 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and three were included in the review. Two of these reported on the evolution of the seven-repeat allele of the ADHD-associated dopamine receptor D4 gene, and one reported on the results of a simulation study of the effect of suggested ADHD-traits on group survival. The authors of the three studies interpreted their findings as favoring the notion that ADHD-traits may have been associated with increased fitness during human evolution. However, we argue that none of the three studies really tap into the core ADHD phenotype, and that their conclusions therefore lack validity for ADHD. Conclusions:This review indicates that the natural-selection-based hypotheses for ADHD have not been subjected to empirical test and therefore remain entirely speculative. Keywords:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Biological Evolution; Selection, genetic; Adaptation, Biological. 3 Summations-The search conducted for our systematic review of empirical investigations of natural-selectionbased evolutionary accounts for ADHD identified 790 records. Of these, 15 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and only three were included in the review.-The authors of the three studies included in this review interpreted their findings as favoring the notion that ADHD-traits may have been associated with increased fitness during human evolution. However, we argue that none of the three studies really tap into the core ADHD phenotype, and that their conclusions therefore lack validity for ADHD.-This review indicates that the natural-selection-based hypotheses for ADHD have not been subjected to empirical test and therefore remain entirely speculative. We suggest that this gap in knowledge should be addressed in future studies. Considerations-Publications relevant for this topic may have gone undetected in our search.-It is noteworthy that there are more publications raising hypotheses for the evolutionary background for ADHD than there are studies testing them empirically.

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“…This hypothesis for understanding the evolutionary development of ADHD is supported and developed further by several others (12,13,15,16).…”

Section: The Response-readiness Theorysupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical tests of natural selection-based evolutionary accounts of ADHD: a systematic review

Thagaard

Faraone

Sonuga‐Barke

et al. 2016

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Nonetheless, it was suggested that TS patients suffer from anomalies of brain lateralisation due, in part, to striatal damage (Hyde et al, 1995). In an exhaustive review, Bradshaw and Sheppard (2000) proposed that TS children failed to show the normal pattern of priority of processing at a global level, which could be consistent with electrophysiological evidence suggesting a right-hemispheric specialisation for processing at a global level (Proverbio, Minniti, & Zani, 1998). Hence, the presence of altered right hemispheric asymmetry in TS could have affected global processing, which is also consistent with the integration necessary to fully recall the ROCF picture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory and executive functions in adults with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorder

Lavoie

Thibault

Stip

et al. 2007

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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Introduction-The main aim of the current study was to assess whether adults with either Tourette syndrome (TS) or chronic tic disorder (CTD) show a similar neuropsychological profile. Neuropsychological investigations of tic disorders have been mostly focused on children, mainly because symptoms peak during that period. Little has been carried out on adults, even if a significant proportion of the tic population experience moderate or marked levels of tic frequency throughout adulthood. Still, it is not clear whether neuropsychological performances are affected to the same degree in adults with TS and CTD.

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“…Spessot & Peterson, 2004;A. L. Spessot, Plessen, & Peterson, 2004;van den Heuvel et al, 2003), as well as across development (Alexopoulos, 2002;Bradshaw & Sheppard, 2000;Orzhekhovskaya, 1990). Hypnosis, a selfregulatory process involving attention, is an excellent vehicle to elucidate these questions and apply them to specific pathologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Biasing of a Specific Bistable-Figure Percept Involves fMRI Signal Changes in Frontostriatal Circuits: A Step Toward Unlocking the Neural Correlates of Top-Down Control and Self-Regulation

Raz¹,

Lamar²,

Buhle³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis

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Attention, suggestion, context and expectation can all exert top-down influence on bottom-up processes (e.g., stimulus-driven mechanisms). Identifying the functional neuroanatomy that subserves top-down influences on sensory information processing can unlock the neural substrates of how suggestion can modulate behavior. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we scanned 10 healthy participants (five men) viewing five bistable figures. Participants received a directional cue to perceive a particular spatial orientation a few seconds before the bistable figure appeared. After presentation, participants pressed a button to indicate their locking into the one desired orientation of the two possible interpretations. Participants additionally performed tests of impulse control and sustained attention. Our findings reveal the role of specific frontostriatal structures in selecting a particular orientation for bistable figures, including dorsolateral prefrontal regions and the putamen. Additional contrasts further bolstered the role of the frontostriatal system m the top-down processing of competing visual perceptions. Separate correlations of behavioral variables with fMRI activations support the idea that the frontostriatal system may mediate attentional control when selecting among competing visual perceptions. These results may generalize to other psychological functions. With special relevance to clinical neuroscience and applications involving attention, expectation and suggestion (e.g., hypnosis), our results address the importance of frontostriatal circuitry in behavioral modulation. KeywordsTop-down effect; cognitive control; coruco-striato-thalamocortical (CSTC) circuits; attention; expectation; hypnosis; self-regulation; impulse control 1 The ability to manipulate one's own emotions, thoughts, or actions upon direction from the self or another person. Emotion regulation can be a form of self-regulation, but it could also be induced by a caregiver's actions. 2 The reduction in the probability, speed, or vigor of the normal response to a stimulus based upon instruction from the self or other. It is often measured by scale scores on a questionnaire or by a task that requires one to withhold or delay a response. 3 The literature typically uses the appellation "emotional-regulation" to mean the reduction, increase, or sustaining of an emotional response (e.g., fear, anger, or pleasure) based upon the actions of the self or another. 4 The ability to inhibit, activate or sustain a response, including the capacity to inhibit a dominant response in order to perform a subdominant response. In temperament research individual differences in effortful control are measured as a factor score that combines scales dealing with attention and the ability to regulate behavior on command.NIH Public Access

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The Neurodevelopmental Frontostriatal Disorders: Evolutionary Adaptiveness and Anomalous Lateralization

Cited by 147 publications

References 76 publications

Empirical tests of natural selection-based evolutionary accounts of ADHD: a systematic review

Empirical tests of natural selection-based evolutionary accounts of ADHD: a systematic review

Memory and executive functions in adults with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorder

Selective Biasing of a Specific Bistable-Figure Percept Involves fMRI Signal Changes in Frontostriatal Circuits: A Step Toward Unlocking the Neural Correlates of Top-Down Control and Self-Regulation

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