The Neurobiology of Stress

Murison, Robert

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800538-5.00002-9

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Stress arousal is human beings’ natural response to a strain that is appraised as potentially threatening and that gives rise to negative emotions [12]. The appraised threat starts a cascade of physiological responses to mobilize energy: steroid hormones are released in the endocrine system, and the sympathetic nervous system is activated, which affects cardiovascular functioning and increases heart rate and perspiration [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psycho-Physiological Stress Recovery in Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Past Eight Years of Research

Corazon

Sidenius

Poulsen

et al. 2019

IJERPH

185

129

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Background: In modern, urban daily life, natural environments are increasingly recognized as an important resource for stress recovery and general well-being. Aim: the present review aims to provide an overview and synthesis of the past eight years’ research into the psycho-physiological effects of outdoor nature-based interventions, related to stress recovery. Method: a structured search was performed in seven databases, returning 5618 articles. Removal of duplicates and initial screening gave a total of 95 studies. After full text reading, 36 studies were included in the assessment. Results: most of the psychological outcomes were related to different emotional measures. The synthesis of the results points towards outdoor, nature-based exposure having a positive effect on different emotional parameters, related to stress relief. The studies into physiological measures showed more equivocal results. Conclusion: the research, conducted over the past eight years, into outdoor, nature-based exposure has now attained a sound evidence base for psychological and especially emotional effects, but the evidence base for physiological effects within this timeframe shows a great degree of heterogeneity. Limitations: interpretation of the results is limited by the review only covering the past eight years’ research on the subject.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psycho-Physiological Stress Recovery in Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Past Eight Years of Research

Corazon

Sidenius

Poulsen

et al. 2019

IJERPH

185

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Activation of this internal stress system works primarily through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS; Murison, 2016;Pervanidou & Chrousos, 2012). Activation of the HPA axis triggers the release of cortisol (Schumacher, Kirschbaum, Fydrich, & Ströhle, 2013), whereas activation of the ANS, which includes both parasympathetic and sympathetic effects, can result in heightened vigilance, heart rate (HR), blood pressure and α-amylase (Gordis, Granger, Susman, & Trickett, 2006;Jayasinghe, Torres, Nowson, Tilbrook, & Turner, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stress coping strategies and stress reactivity in adolescents with overweight/obesity

et al. 2020

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This study explored the associations between the frequency and effectiveness of habitual stress coping strategies on physiological and psychological stress responses to an acute laboratory stressor in adolescents with overweight/obesity (51 adolescents; 47% female; ages 14-19 years). Coping strategies were assessed using the Schoolager's Coping Strategies Inventory. Acute physiological stress responses were measured as salivary cortisol and α-amylase output during the Trier Social Stress Test and during a control condition. Acute psychological stress was measured using a Likert-type scale, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate were measured at baseline. Results revealed that higher coping effectiveness was associated with lower log-based α-amylase during the stress (β ¼ À 0.025, p ¼ 0.018) and control (β ¼ À 0.030, p ¼ 0.005) conditions, but not with cortisol across either condition (all ps > 0.05). SBP moderated the association between coping effectiveness and α-amylase during the stress condition, with higher coping effectiveness associated with lower α-amylase only among individuals with lower SBP (β ¼ 0.002, p ¼ 0.027). Coping frequency was not associated with cortisol responses, neither was habitual stress coping strategies associated with psychological stress (all ps > 0.05). These findings provide preliminary evidence that effective use of stress coping strategies may provide a dampening effect on sympathetic activity in an at-risk adolescent population.

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“…In the case of our patient's repeated recovery from depression using meditation, SCP could well function as a sustained stressor and stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system, which lead to glucocorticoid (GC) release and anti-inflammatory effects, or could act through the parasympathetic nervous system and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (reduction in production of inflammatory cytokines and relief of allergic responses) (9,11,29,30). The inability to adapt is one unique property of pain sensation from other senses, which would be dampened by constant stimulations (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short but Continuous Natural Pain during Meditation Sittings for Depression Treatment: A Case Report

Huang¹

2018

Preprint

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder, which results in seriously impaired condition in the patients and great global disability burden. In light of its quite diverse etiologies, comorbidity with many other diseases, and complex underlying pathology, it has been a great challenge to understand the physiological basis of MDD, which may be a complex of related diseases, rather than a single one. In addition to the partial understanding of MDD, the individual heterogeneities among patients may render the development of a universal treatment an elusive goal. But studying how each of currently available treatments affects the disease can generate useful information to stratify patients into different subtypes for individualized treatments. In this case report, we present the first report of repeated success of using meditation as the only treatment of MDD, compared to initial success but no remission with other conventional antidepressants on the same patient. We hypothesized that the short but continuous natural pain during one-hour meditation sittings has the therapeutic effect to treat depression in the case of this patient and potentially others with MDD. This special opportunity of eliminating tremendous heterogeneity among different individuals has enabled us to probe deeply into the potential mechanism of depression treatments and the complex physiology of depression itself, both of which have likely profound implications in the treatment of other MDD patients as well. More importantly, this case report helps us dissect one specific component of meditation for its longknown and well-established benefit against depression. Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED |

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The Neurobiology of Stress

Cited by 35 publications

References 68 publications

Psycho-Physiological Stress Recovery in Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Past Eight Years of Research

Psycho-Physiological Stress Recovery in Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Past Eight Years of Research

Stress coping strategies and stress reactivity in adolescents with overweight/obesity

Short but Continuous Natural Pain during Meditation Sittings for Depression Treatment: A Case Report

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