The Neurobiology of Resilience

Feder, Adriana; Horn, Sarah R.; Haglund, Margaret; Southwick, Steven M.; Charney, Dennis S.

doi:10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0038

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, researchers that studied knockout mice galanin receptors found that these animals showed increased anxiety-like behaviour, leading to an augmented vulnerability to anxiety and isolation 11 .…”

Section: -Galaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process performs the function of maintaining the internal viability of the organism amid changing environmental conditions [7][8][9] . In the short term, this is achieved by physiological changes in the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) through the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS), Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis hormones, cytokines and a number of other systems 10,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adapting to Stress: Understanding the Neurobiology of Resilience

Osório

Probert

Jones

et al. 2016

Behavioral Medicine

133

104

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There is significant variation in the way individuals react and respond to extreme stress and adversity. While some individuals develop psychiatric conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder or major depressive disorder, others recover from stressful experiences without displaying significant symptoms of psychological ill-health, demonstrating stress-resilience. To understand why some individuals exhibit characteristics of a resilient profile, the interplay between neurochemical, genetic, and epigenetic processes over time needs to be explained. In this review, we examine the hormones, neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and neural circuits associated with resilience and vulnerability to stress-related disorders. We debate how this increasing body of knowledge could also be useful in the creation of a stress-resilient profile. Additionally, identification of the underlying neurobiological components related to resilience may offer a contribution to improved approaches toward the prevention and treatment of stress-related disorders.

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Section: -Galaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting to Stress: Understanding the Neurobiology of Resilience

Osório

Probert

Jones

et al. 2016

Behavioral Medicine

133

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Identifying factors that contribute to psychological resilience in the face of stressors is of paramount importance to the understanding of mental health and well‐being. Several recent reviews have pointed to a multitude of neurobiological factors believed to play a role in resilience (Feder et al, ; Menard, Pfau, Hodes, & Russo, ; Pfau & Russo, ) including diverse stress response systems (McEwen et al, ). While the potential genetic underpinnings of these factors have begun to receive attention, studies to date have focused on candidate gene (or epigenetic) (Binder, ) involvement (Feder et al, ; McEwen, ; Menard et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though a growing body of preclinical and translational research is illuminating biological mechanisms of stress resilience (McEwen et al, ), relatively little is known about the genetic basis of psychological resilience in humans (Feder, Horn, Haglund, Southwick, & Charney, ). Twin studies have suggested that self‐ (or parent‐) assessed resilience—defined as a perceived capacity to cope adaptively with stressors—is moderately heritable (~30–50%) (Amstadter, Myers, & Kendler, ; Waaktaar & Torgersen, ; Wolf et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome‐wide analyses of psychological resilience in U.S. Army soldiers

Stein

Choi

Jain

et al. 2019

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Though a growing body of preclinical and translational research is illuminating a biological basis for resilience to stress, little is known about the genetic basis of psychological resilience in humans. We conducted genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of self-assessed (by questionnaire) and outcome-based (incident mental disorders from predeployment to postdeployment) resilience among European (EUR) ancestry soldiers in the Army study to assess risk and resilience in servicemembers. Self-assessed resilience (N = 11,492) was found to have significant common-variant heritability (h 2 = 0.162, se = 0.050, p = 5.37 × 10 −4 ), and to be significantly negatively genetically correlated with neuroticism (r g = −0.388, p = .0092). GWAS results from the EUR soldiers revealed a genome-wide significant locus on an intergenic region on Chr 4 upstream from doublecortin-like kinase 2 (DCLK2) (four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LD; top SNP: rs4260523 [p = 5.65 × 10 −9 ] is an eQTL in frontal cortex), a member of the doublecortin family of kinases that promote survival and regeneration of injured neurons. A second gene, kelch-like family member 36 (KLHL36) was detected at gene-wise genomewide significance [p = 1.89 × 10 −6 ]. A polygenic risk score derived from the self-assessed resilience GWAS was not significantly associated with outcome-based resilience. In very

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“…about the identity of genetic variants that may explain the observed heritability of resilience (Feder, Haglund, Wu, Southwick, & Charney, 2013;Stein et al, 2019). In the absence of a large-scale dataset in which to discover novel genetic associations, previous studies have sought to apply genetic knowledge gleaned from one outcome to other, correlated outcomes (Demange et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Utility of Polygenic Scores in Capturing Resilience

Bucknor¹,

Derringer²

2020

Preprint

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Stress is a well-known risk factor for the development of psychopathology (Harkness, Hayden, & Lopez-Duran, 2015). However, not everyone who is exposed to stress responds in the same way. Individual differences in resilience to stress reflect dynamic interpersonal and intrapersonal factors (Laird, Krause, Funes, & Lavretsky, 2019). Although resilience has been identified to be moderately heritable (30-50%; Boardman, Blalock, & Button, 2008), little is known about the genetic variants that may explain this heritability. While there has not yet been a robust genome-wide association study (GWAS) of resilience, existing GWAS of related phenotypes (proxies) may provide a starting point for developing our understanding of the molecular genetic underpinnings of the observed heritability of resilience. In a population sample of older US adults (N= 9,480), we examined the extent to which 32 polygenic proxy scores explained the variance in resilience. We then compared the utility of these existing genetic predictors to commonly examined demographic and psychological characteristics, such as socioeconomic status and social support. We found that the psychological correlates consistently and substantially outperformed existing polygenic scores. While psychological variables yielded substantial correlations with resilience, only four of the 32 polygenic scores reached significance but with relatively small effects. Our results indicate that existing polygenic scores are not sufficient to inform our understanding of resilience, nor would they be suitable predictors of individual differences in resilience outcomes. We conclude that a large-scale GWAS of resilience will be necessary to identify the specific genetics underlying the observed heritability of resilience.

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The Neurobiology of Resilience

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Adapting to Stress: Understanding the Neurobiology of Resilience

Adapting to Stress: Understanding the Neurobiology of Resilience

Genome‐wide analyses of psychological resilience in U.S. Army soldiers

Utility of Polygenic Scores in Capturing Resilience

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