The neurobiology of openness as a personality trait

Abu Raya, Maison; Ogunyemi, Adedoyin O.; Broder, Jake; Carstensen, Veronica Rojas; Illanes-Manrique, Maryenela; Rankin, Katherine P.

doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1235345

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Excessive serotonin is linked to Type 2, while deficient serotonin is associated with Type 1, which is more common in women [ 60 ]. Obtained in our research, a lower openness score in women with AUD compared to the control group may suggest overexpressed 5HT1A autoreceptors and diminished heteroreceptors in brain structures associated with this trait, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), frontal and parietal structures in the default mode network (DMN), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) [ 61 ]. Increased inhibition by presynaptic autoreceptors could decrease overall serotonergic activity and contribute to AUD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Study of Serotonin 1A Receptor Gene, Personality, and Anxiety in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder

Boroń,

Suchanecka,

Chmielowiec

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Alcohol use disorder is considered a chronic and relapsing disorder affecting the central nervous system. The serotonergic system, mainly through its influence on the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system, has been postulated to play a pivotal role in the underlying mechanism of alcohol dependence. The study aims to analyse the association of the rs6295 polymorphism of the 5HTR1A gene in women with alcohol use disorder and the association of personality traits with the development of alcohol dependence, as well as the interaction of the rs6295, personality traits, and anxiety with alcohol dependence in women. The study group consisted of 213 female volunteers: 101 with alcohol use disorder and 112 controls. NEO Five-Factor and State-Trait Anxiety Inventories were applied for psychometric testing. Genotyping of rs6295 was performed by real-time PCR. We did not observe significant differences in 5HTR1A rs6295 genotypes (p = 0.2709) or allele distribution (p = 0.4513). The AUD subjects scored higher on the anxiety trait (p < 0.0001) and anxiety state (p < 0.0001) scales, as well as on the neuroticism (p < 0.0001) and openness (p = 0134) scales. Significantly lower scores were obtained by the AUD subjects on the extraversion (p < 0.0001), agreeability (p < 0.0001), and conscientiousness (p < 0.0001) scales. Additionally, we observed a significant effect of 5HTR1A rs6295 genotype interaction and alcohol dependency, or lack thereof, on the openness scale (p = 0.0016). In summary, this study offers a comprehensive overview of alcohol dependence among women. It offers valuable insights into this complex topic, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of substance use among this specific demographic. Additionally, these findings may have implications for developing prevention and intervention strategies tailored to individual genetic and, most importantly, personality and anxiety differences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Study of Serotonin 1A Receptor Gene, Personality, and Anxiety in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder

Boroń,

Suchanecka,

Chmielowiec

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…The overlap between attachment neurobiology and the circuitry implicated in prosocial deficits in disease highlights the conservation of the underlying processes and their relevance to human health. In this issue Raya et al propose that the rigidity and perseveration exhibited by patients with FTD reflects a decrease in openness that is linked to atrophy of dlPFC and ACC ( 99 , 100 ). The deficits in empathy may also involve altered activity in the right anterior temporal lobe and medial frontal regions in FTD patients ( 101 ).…”

Section: Attachment Behavior Influences Health Across the Lifespanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding social attachment as a window into the neural basis of prosocial behavior

Berendzen

2023

Front. Neurol.

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The representation and demonstration of human values are intimately tied to our status as a social species. Humans are relatively unique in our ability to form enduring social attachments, characterized by the development of a selective bond that persists over time. Such relationships include the bonds between parents and offspring, pair bonds between partners and other affiliative contacts, in addition to group relationships to which we may form direct and symbolic affiliations. Many of the cognitive and behavioral processes thought to be linked to our capacity for social attachment—including consolation, empathy, and social motivation, and the implicated neural circuits mediating these constructs, are shared with those thought to be important for the representation of prosocial values. This perspective piece will examine the hypothesis that our ability to form such long-term bonds may play an essential role in the construction of human values and ethical systems, and that components of prosocial behaviors are shared across species. Humans are one of a few species that form such long-term and exclusive attachments and our understanding of the neurobiology underlying attachment behavior has been advanced by studying behavior in non-human animals. The overlap in behavioral and affective constructs underlying attachment behavior and value representation is discussed, followed by evidence from other species that demonstrate attachment behavior that supports the overlapping neurobiological basis for social bonds and prosocial behavior. The understanding of attachment biology has broad implications for human health as well as for understanding the basis for and variations in prosocial behavior.

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“…Given the abundance of evidence associating neuroticism with psychosis, we initially hypothesized that neuroticism is the trait most likely to be different between healthy controls and the proband, and most associated with psychotic symptom burden. On the other hand, recent observations suggest a relationship between openness and creativity, mental flexibility and their neural correlates (Abu Raya et al, 2023). For this reason, we hypothesized that cognition specifically may be more related to openness, a personality dimension that includes a facet assessing general intellect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Relationship between Personality Dimensions and Psychosis-Specific Clinical Characteristics

Jang,

Yassin,

Mesholam-Gately

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundPast studies associating personality with psychosis have been limited by small nonclinical samples and a focus on general symptom burden. This study uses a large clinical sample to examine personality’s relationship with psychosis-specific features and compare personality dimensions across clinically and neurobiologically defined categories of psychoses.MethodsA total of 1352 participants with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar with psychosis, as well as 623 healthy controls (HC), drawn from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (BSNIP-2) study, were included. Three biomarker-derived biotypes were used to separately categorize the probands. Mean personality factors (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) were compared between HC and proband subgroups using independent sample t-tests. A robust linear regression was utilized to determine personality differences across biotypes and diagnostic subgroups. Associations between personality factors and cognition were determined through Pearson’s correlation. A canonical correlation was run between the personality factors and general functioning, positive symptoms, and negative symptoms to delineate the relationship between personality and clinical outcomes of psychosis.ResultsThere were significant personality differences between the proband and HC groups across all five personality factors. Overall, the probands had higher neuroticism and lower extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness. Openness showed the greatest difference across the diagnostic subgroups and biotypes, and greatest correlation with cognition. Openness, agreeableness, and extraversion had the strongest associations with symptom severity.ConclusionsIndividuals with psychosis have different personality profiles compared to HC. In particular, openness may be relevant in distinguishing psychosis-specific phenotypes and experiences, and associated with biological underpinnings of psychosis, including cognition. Further studies should identify potential causal factors and mediators of this relationship.

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The neurobiology of openness as a personality trait

Cited by 5 publications

References 94 publications

Association Study of Serotonin 1A Receptor Gene, Personality, and Anxiety in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder

Association Study of Serotonin 1A Receptor Gene, Personality, and Anxiety in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder

Understanding social attachment as a window into the neural basis of prosocial behavior

Characterizing the Relationship between Personality Dimensions and Psychosis-Specific Clinical Characteristics

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