The neurobiology and therapeutic potential of multi-targeting β-secretase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β and acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer’s disease

Sex differences in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer’s disease—mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic opportunities

“…2 Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease 2.1 Alzheimer's disease AD stands as the primary cause of dementia, rapidly becoming one of the most financially demanding, fatal, and burdensome conditions today and presents as a clinical syndrome characterized by progressive cognitive impairment that affects multiple domains or by neurobehavioral symptoms of sufficient severity to distinctly impact daily functioning (Scheltens et al, 2021). Globally, AD affects approximately 50 million individuals, with its prevalence projected to increase by about 70% by the 2050s (Cui et al, 2023;Fronza et al, 2023). Most cases arise after age 65, termed late-onset AD, whereas cases before age 65 are less common, constituting about 5.5% and referred to as earlyonset AD (Long and Holtzman, 2019;Seath et al, 2023).…”

Multisensory Fusion Training and 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone Improve Amyloid-β-Induced Cognitive Impairment, Anxiety, and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice Through Multiple Mechanisms

“… 8 While drug therapy remains the mainstream approach for AD treatment, it only offers temporary relief of symptoms and cannot reverse the underlying pathological processes; furthermore, it often has significant side effects in the older population. 9 However, available therapeutic options for AD are limited. Studies have shown that adult neurogenesis can be enhanced through different approaches, such as the use of drugs, engaging in physical activity, and exposure to stimulating environments.…”