The neurobiological bases of obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome

Mercadante, Marcos T.; Rosario-Campos, Maria Conceição do; Quarantini, Lucas C.; Sato, Fábio Pinato

doi:10.2223/1167

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Graybiel and Rauch (2000) found that this area influences both motor and cognitive planning in OCD. According to Mercadante et al (2004), in OCD patients, the BG does not filter cortical impulses (motor or cognitive activity) properly, which causes changes in thalamic activity. Some reports (Saxena et al, 1998, 2001) have proposed that there is an imbalance between the excitatory role of the BG and inhibitory overactivity of the OFC.…”

Section: Neuroimaging Findings In Ocd: the Role Of The Ofc Acc And Bgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extended fronto-striatal model of obsessive compulsive disorder: convergence from event-related potentials, neuropsychology and neuroimaging

Melloni¹,

Urbistondo²,

Sedeño³

et al. 2012

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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In this work, we explored convergent evidence supporting the fronto-striatal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (FSMOCD) and the contribution of event-related potential (ERP) studies to this model. First, we considered minor modifications to the FSMOCD model based on neuroimaging and neuropsychological data. We noted the brain areas most affected in this disorder -anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), basal ganglia (BG), and orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) and their related cognitive functions, such as monitoring and inhibition. Then, we assessed the ERPs that are directly related to the FSMOCD, including the error-related negativity (ERN), N200, and P600. Several OCD studies present enhanced ERN and N2 responses during conflict tasks as well as an enhanced P600 during working memory (WM) tasks. Evidence from ERP studies (especially regarding ERN and N200 amplitude enhancement), neuroimaging and neuropsychological findings suggests abnormal activity in the OFC, ACC, and BG in OCD patients. Moreover, additional findings from these analyses suggest dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortex involvement, which might be related to executive function (EF) deficits. Thus, these convergent results suggest the existence of a self-monitoring imbalance involving inhibitory deficits and executive dysfunctions. OCD patients present an impaired ability to monitor, control, and inhibit intrusive thoughts, urges, feelings, and behaviors. In the current model, this imbalance is triggered by an excitatory role of the BG (associated with cognitive or motor actions without volitional control) and inhibitory activity of the OFC as well as excessive monitoring of the ACC to block excitatory impulses. This imbalance would interact with the reduced activation of the parietal-DLPC network, leading to executive dysfunction. ERP research may provide further insight regarding the temporal dynamics of action monitoring and executive functioning in OCD.

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Section: Neuroimaging Findings In Ocd: the Role Of The Ofc Acc And Bgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extended fronto-striatal model of obsessive compulsive disorder: convergence from event-related potentials, neuropsychology and neuroimaging

Melloni¹,

Urbistondo²,

Sedeño³

et al. 2012

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Prevalence and Correlates of Sustained Hypertension in Adolescents of Rural Wardha, Central India

Kumar

Deshmukh

2011

Indian J Pediatr

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Diet intervention on obese children with hypertension in China

et al. 2009

World J Pediatr

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The neurobiological bases of obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome

Abstract: Advances in neuroscience triggered genetic and immunological research studies, allowing new perspectives on the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome patients.

Cited by 16 publications

References 57 publications

The extended fronto-striatal model of obsessive compulsive disorder: convergence from event-related potentials, neuropsychology and neuroimaging

The extended fronto-striatal model of obsessive compulsive disorder: convergence from event-related potentials, neuropsychology and neuroimaging

Prevalence and Correlates of Sustained Hypertension in Adolescents of Rural Wardha, Central India

Diet intervention on obese children with hypertension in China

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