The neural substrates of subliminal attentional bias and reduced inhibition in individuals with a higher BMI: A VBM and resting state connectivity study

Osimo, Sofia Adelaide; Piretti, Luca; Ionta, Silvio; Rumiati, Raffaella I.; Aiello, Marilena

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117725

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Neuroimaging studies exploring the relationship between food cue-reactivity and obesity in adults have consistently found reward regions (e.g., OFC) and VN ( 42 – 44 ). Individuals with higher BMI had altered resting-state FC in OFC and visual areas ( 45 ), which was correlated with food bias ( 46 ). It should be noted that the variability of FC for a given region measures the temporal variability of FC between this given region and the rest of the regions of the brain across time windows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The body mass index is associated with increased temporal variability of functional connectivity in brain reward system

2023

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The reward system has been proven to be contributed to the vulnerability of obesity. Previous fMRI studies have shown abnormal functional connectivity of the reward system in obesity. However, most studies were based on static index such as resting-state functional connectivity (FC), ignoring the dynamic changes over time. To investigate the dynamic neural correlates of obesity susceptibility, we used a large, demographically well-characterized sample from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to determine the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with the temporal variability of FC from integrated multilevel perspectives, i.e., regional and within- and between-network levels. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between BMI and temporal variability of FC, adjusting for covariates of no interest. We found that BMI was positively associated with regional FC variability in reward regions, such as the ventral orbitofrontal cortex and visual regions. At the intra-network level, BMI was positively related to the variability of FC within the limbic network (LN) and default mode network (DMN). At the inter-network level, variability of connectivity of LN with DMN, frontoparietal, sensorimotor, and ventral attention networks showed positive correlations with BMI. These findings provided novel evidence for abnormal dynamic functional interaction between the reward network and the rest of the brain in obesity, suggesting a more unstable state and over-frequent interaction of the reward network and other attention and cognitive networks. These findings, thus, provide novel insight into obesity interventions that need to decrease the dynamic interaction between reward networks and other brain networks through behavioral treatment and neural modulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The body mass index is associated with increased temporal variability of functional connectivity in brain reward system

2023

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“…Osimo et al reported that the gray matter density of several frontal regions was positively related to the 2D GNG performance. This statistical correlation suggested that frontal morphology could directly influence attentional behaviors, with a great possibility to improve attention by neural modulation [ 76 ]. Silva et al discovered that anodal electrical stimulation on the frontal lobe could effectively modulate the attentional orientation and execution, which was demonstrated in the behavioral scores in professional 2D tasks [ 77 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Lengthens Sustained Attention in Virtual Reality

et al. 2023

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Due to the current limitations of three-dimensional (3D) simulation graphics technology, mind wandering commonly occurs in virtual reality tasks, which has impeded it being applied more extensively. The right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) plays a vital role in executing continuous two-dimensional (2D) mental paradigms, and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over this cortical region has been shown to successfully modulate sustained 2D attention. Accordingly, we further explored the effects of electrical activation of the rVLPFC on 3D attentional tasks using anodal high-definition (HD)-tDCS. A 3D Go/No-go (GNG) task was developed to compare the after effects of real and sham brain stimulation. Specifically, GNG tasks were periodically interrupted to assess the subjective perception of attentional level, behavioral reactions were tracked and decomposed into an underlying decision cognition process, and electroencephalography data were recorded to calculate event-related potentials (ERPs) in rVLPFC. The p-values statistically indicated that HD-tDCS improved the subjective mentality, led to more cautious decisions, and enhanced neuronal discharging in rVLPFC. Additionally, the neurophysiological P300 ERP component and stimulation being active or sham could effectively predict several objective outcomes. These findings indicate that the comprehensive approach including brain stimulation, 3D mental paradigm, and cross-examined performance could significantly lengthen and robustly compare sustained 3D attention.

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“…Self-disgust, physical self-disgust, and behavioral self-disgust were treated as variables of interest, respectively. Age, sex, and total brain volume (TBV) were entered as covariates of no interest in three general linear models-factors are commonly controlled in VBM analyses (Kong et al, 2020;Osimo et al, 2021;Vartanian et al, 2020). TBV data were calculated using the REX Toolbox (http://web.mit.edu/swg/software.htm).…”

Section: Image Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-disgust and the brain: Individual difference in behavioral self-disgust mediates the relationship between regional gray matter volume in the medial prefrontal cortex and anger rumination

Su,

Zhu,

Xia

2024

Preprint

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Self-disgust is a negative appraisal and feeling of the self and one’s own actions that plays an important role in psychological problems. However, evidence about the neural substrate underpinning individual difference in self-disgust and its negative function (i.e., anger rumination) remains inadequate, which would be valuable for understanding the self-mechanism. Here, we employed voxel-based morphometry to explore the neuroanatomical basis of individual difference in self-disgust, measured using the Self-Disgust Scale in 205 healthy volunteers. Whole-brain multiple regression analysis showed that regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) was negatively correlated with individual difference in behavioral self-disgust, with sex, age, and total brain volume (TBV) as covariates. Meanwhile, prediction analysis applying four-fold balanced cross-validation with linear regression supported the robustness of the link between rGMV in the MPFC and individual difference in behavioral self-disgust after adjusting for sex, age, and TBV. Furthermore, mediation analysis indicated that rGMV in the MPFC predicted anger rumination (measured by Anger Rumination Scale) through individual difference in behavioral self-disgust after controlling for sex, age, and TBV. The results of this study suggest that the MPFC plays a critical role in individual difference in behavioral self-disgust and its effect on negative affective cognition. Additionally, the present study provides novel perspectives on, and evidence for, the neuroanatomical mechanisms of the negative self and its deleterious effects.

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The neural substrates of subliminal attentional bias and reduced inhibition in individuals with a higher BMI: A VBM and resting state connectivity study

Cited by 9 publications

References 81 publications

The body mass index is associated with increased temporal variability of functional connectivity in brain reward system

The body mass index is associated with increased temporal variability of functional connectivity in brain reward system

High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Lengthens Sustained Attention in Virtual Reality

Self-disgust and the brain: Individual difference in behavioral self-disgust mediates the relationship between regional gray matter volume in the medial prefrontal cortex and anger rumination

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