The neural networks of subjectively evaluated emotional conflicts

Rohr, Christiane S.; Villringer, Arno; Solms-Baruth, Carolina; Meer, Elke van der; Margulies, Daniel S.; Okon‐Singer, Hadas

doi:10.1002/hbm.23169

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…Considering that, surprisingly, the participants reporting EM were better at downregulating their negative mood, they could be expected to also experience less distress and hence show less amygdalar activation ( 49 ). The reduction in functional connectivity between the amygdala and the inferior parietal cortex involved in evaluating emotional conflict (when displayed emotions do not correspond to the context) ( 79 ) might also increase the efficiency of emotion regulation during negative mood induction by reducing the conflicting informational stream.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities Associated With Exposure to Different Childhood Trauma Subtypes: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Findings

et al. 2018

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Background: Childhood trauma subtypes sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, and neglect may have differential effects on the brain that persist into adulthood. A systematic review of neuroimaging findings supporting these differential effects is as yet lacking.Objectives: The present systematic review aims to summarize the findings of controlled neuroimaging trials regarding long-term differential effects of trauma subtypes on the human brain.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed and PsycINFO databases from January 2017 up to and including January 2018. Additional papers were identified by a manual search in the reference lists of selected papers and of relevant review articles retrieved by the initial database search. Studies were then assessed for eligibility by the first author. Only original human studies directly comparing neuroimaging findings of exposed and unexposed individuals to well-defined emotional, physical or sexual childhood maltreatment while controlling for the effects of other subtypes were included. A visual summary of extracted data was made for neuroimaging modalities for which comparison between trauma subtypes was feasible, taking the studies' numbers and sample sizes into account.Results: The systematic literature search yielded 25 publications. Sexual abuse was associated with structural deficits in the reward circuit and genitosensory cortex and amygdalar hyperreactivity during sad autobiographic memory recall. Emotional maltreatment correlated with abnormalities in fronto-limbic socioemotional networks. In neglected individuals, white matter integrity and connectivity were disturbed in several brain networks involved in a variety of functions. Other abnormalities, such as reduced frontal cortical volume, were common to all maltreatment types.Conclusions: There is some evidence for long-term differential effects of trauma subtypes on the human brain. The observed alterations may result from both protective adaptation of and damage to the brain following exposure to threatening life events. Though promising, the current evidence is incomplete, with few brain regions and neuroimaging modalities having been investigated in all subtypes. The comparability of the available evidence is further limited by the heterogeneity of study populations regarding gender, age and comorbid psychopathology. Future neuroimaging studies should take this potentially differential role of childhood trauma subtypes into account.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities Associated With Exposure to Different Childhood Trauma Subtypes: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Findings

et al. 2018

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“…Though few studies have assessed attention-related trait dimensions across both TD children and children with NDDs, colleagues (2014, 2016) Goldfarb, et al, 2016;Rohr, et al, 2015;Rohr, et al, 2013;Rohr, et al, 2016;Vossel, et al, 2016) and clinical groups (Nebel, et al, 2015;van Dongen, et al, 2015;. The use of dimensional approaches can also allow for more statistical power in studies on ADHD and ASD, which are chronically underpowered due to heterogeneity in the populations studied (Fair, et al, 2012;Nigg, 2005;Sonuga-Barke, 2002;Sonuga-Barke, et al, 2008) and the challenge of recruiting and successfully collecting neuroimaging data from these groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Girls’ attentive traits associate with cerebellar to dorsal attention and default mode network connectivity

Rohr

Dimond

Schuetze

et al. 2018

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Attention traits are a cornerstone to the healthy development of children's performance in the classroom, their interactions with peers, and in predicting future success and problems. The cerebellum is increasingly appreciated as a region involved in complex cognition and behavior, and moreover makes important connections to key brain networks known to support attention: the dorsal attention and default mode networks (DAN; DMN). The cerebellum has also been implicated in childhood disorders affecting attention, namely autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), suggesting that attention networks extending to the cerebellum may be important to consider in relation to attentive traits. Yet, direct investigations into the association between cerebellar FC and attentive traits are lacking. Therefore, in this study we examined attentive traits, assessed using parent reports of ADHD and ASD symptoms, in a community sample of 52 girls aged 4-7 years, i.e. around the time of school entry, and their association with cerebellar connections with the DAN and DMN.We found that cortico-cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) jointly and differentially correlated with attentive traits, through a combination of weaker and stronger FC across anterior and posterior DAN and DMN nodes. These findings suggest that corticocerebellar integration may play an important role in the manifestation of attentive traits.

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“…Yet cognitive engagement with the stimuli is somewhat problematic as such stimuli can alter one's emotional experience. For example we have shown elsewhere (Naor, Shamay-Tsoory, Sheppes, & Okon-Singer, 2017) that asking participants to engage cognitively with an empathy-evoking task reduces, and can even eliminate, the overall effect of empathy (see also related findings ofHutcherson, Goldin, Ochsner, Gabrieli, Barrett, Gross 2005;and Rohr et al, 2016 regarding the impact of rating on felt emotions).…”

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confidence: 68%

Employing a Novel Paradigm and Sets of Stimuli to Examine Emotional Intensity Recognition and Its Modulation by Empathy for Pain

Naor¹,

Shamay‐Tsoory²,

Okon‐Singer³

2019

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Over the last two decades, research has devoted increasing attention to the examination of empathy. Yet research examining empathic accuracy, defined as how well we judge the emotional intensity felt by another, has grown more modestly. This asymmetry may be due to the complexity of paradigms used to study empathic accuracy, as well as to the fact that the stimuli used so far are dependent upon linguistic and cultural factors. To circumvent these issues, here we present a novel paradigm that examines the ability to assess empathic accuracy in a simple and implicit manner by using stimuli that are not dependent on language and culture. To this end, we devised two sets of stimuli: (1) a painful scenario set consisting of empathy-evoking still images; and (2) a facial expression set comprising morphed intensities of emotional facial expressions. Together, these sets can be used to study the effect of the empathic experience on an individual's ability to make accurate judgments of others' emotional facial intensity, a sub-process of empathic accuracy. We contend that adopting these sets may facilitate the replicability of findings across countries and populations, which in turn will increase the number of investigations of empathic accuracy.

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The neural networks of subjectively evaluated emotional conflicts

Cited by 23 publications

References 94 publications

Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities Associated With Exposure to Different Childhood Trauma Subtypes: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Findings

Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities Associated With Exposure to Different Childhood Trauma Subtypes: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Findings

Girls’ attentive traits associate with cerebellar to dorsal attention and default mode network connectivity

Employing a Novel Paradigm and Sets of Stimuli to Examine Emotional Intensity Recognition and Its Modulation by Empathy for Pain

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