The Neural Correlates of Social Cognition and Social Interaction

Schilbach, Leonhard

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397025-1.00172-x

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Our definition of 2PN allows the subjects under study to take the first-person, second-person, or thirdperson perspective according to the task demands. Thus, the 2PN approach is a more general (and may be more methodologically oriented) than second-person neuroscience (Schilbach, 2015;Schilbach et al, 2013). However, both concepts emphasize the importance of active participation so that the persons under study are not just observers of social situations.…”

Section: Interactive Approaches Into Social Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 98%

Centrality of Social Interaction in Human Brain Function

Hari

Henriksson

Malinen

et al. 2015

Neuron

309

221

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People are embedded in social interaction that shapes their brains throughout lifetime. Instead of emerging from lower-level cognitive functions, social interaction could be the default mode via which humans communicate with their environment. Should this hypothesis be true, it would have profound implications on how we think about brain functions and how we dissect and simulate them. We suggest that the research on the brain basis of social cognition and interaction should move from passive spectator science to studies including engaged participants and simultaneous recordings from the brains of the interacting persons.

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Section: Interactive Approaches Into Social Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 98%

Centrality of Social Interaction in Human Brain Function

Hari

Henriksson

Malinen

et al. 2015

Neuron

309

221

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several key regions along the cortical midline appear to show greater activation to self-related stimuli than other-related stimuli (Heatherton, 2006;Northoff et al, 2006;Northoff, Qin, & Feinberg, 2011), including the anterior cingulate cortex (Leshikar, Cassidy, & Gutchess, 2016), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the vAI (Murray, Debbané, Fox, Bzdok, & Eickhoff, 2015). The mPFC is particularly involved in the processing of information about people's traits, preferences and beliefs (Frith & Frith, 2003;Ma, Baetens, Vandekerckhove, Van der Cruyssen, & Van Overwalle, 2013;Schilbach, 2015) and shows sensitivity to a number of social factors including social status and ostracism (Muscatell et al, 2012;Powers, Wagner, Norris, & Heatherton, 2013). Importantly, there is now considerable evidence for a ventral dorsal split within the mPFC, with the ventral region (vMPFC) showing greater involvement in the processing of self-relevant traits, while the dorsal region (dMPFC) is involving in processing the traits of dissimilar others (Araujo, Kaplan, & Damasio, 2013;Denny, Kober, Wager, & Ochsner, 2012;Mitchell, Macrae, & Banaji, 2006;Moore, Merchant, Kahn, & Pfeifer, 2014;Powell, Macrae, Cloutier, Metcalfe, & Mitchell, 2010).…”

Section: Conceptual Selfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putting Ourselves in Another’s Skin: Using the Plasticity of Self-Perception to Enhance Empathy and Decrease Prejudice

Farmer

Maister

2017

Soc Just Res

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The self is one the most important concepts in social cognition and plays a crucial role in determining questions such as which social groups we view ourselves as belonging to and how we relate to others. In the past decade, the self has also become an important topic within cognitive neuroscience with an explosion in the number of studies seeking to understand how different aspects of the self are represented within the brain. In this paper, we first outline the recent research on the neurocognitive basis of the self and highlight a key distinction between two forms of self-representation. The first is the ''bodily'' self, which is thought to be the basis of subjective experience and is grounded in the processing of sensorimotor signals. The second is the ''conceptual'' self, which develops through our interactions of other and is formed of a rich network of associative and semantic information. We then investigate how both the bodily and conceptual self are related to social cognition with an emphasis on how self-representations are involved in the processing and creation of prejudice. We then highlight new research demonstrating that the bodily and conceptual self are both malleable and that this malleability can be harnessed in order to achieve a reduction in social prejudice. In particular, we will outline strong evidence that modulating people's perceptions of the bodily self can lead to changes in attitudes at the conceptual level. We will highlight a series of studies demonstrating that social attitudes towards various social out-groups (e.g. racial groups) can lead to a reduction in prejudice towards that group. Finally, we seek to place these findings in a broader social context by considering how innovations in virtual reality technology can allow experiences of taking on another's identity are likely to become both more commonplace and more convincing in the future and the various opportunities and risks associated with using such technology to reduce prejudice.

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“…Martin, Wiggs, Ungerleider, & Haxby, 1996), concrete objects (Just et al, 2010), social interactions (e.g. Just, Cherkassky, Buchweitz, Keller, & Mitchell, 2014;Rilling, Sanfey, Aronson, Nystrom, & Cohen, 2004;Schilbach, 2015;Schilbach et al, 2006;Van der Cruyssen, Heleven, Ma, Vandekerckhove, & Van Overwalle, 2014), shelter (e.g. Huth, Nishimoto, Vu, & Gallant, 2012;Just, Cherkassky, Aryal, & Mitchell, 2010;Rustandi, Just, & Mitchell, 2009), tools (e.g.…”

Section: A Generative Mapping Between Word Concepts and Fmri Activatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Commonality of neural representations of sentences across languages: Predicting brain activation during Portuguese sentence comprehension using an English-based model of brain function

et al. 2017

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Keywords:Cross-language commonality, sentence representations in bilinguals, Predictive modeling of sentence representations, Meta-language brain locations in sentence processing ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to test the cross-language generative capability of a model that predicts neural activation patterns evoked by sentence reading, based on a semantic characterization of the sentence. In a previous study on English monolingual speakers (Wang, Cherkassky, & Just, submitted), a computational model performed a mapping from a set of 42 concept-level semantic features (Neurally Plausible Semantic Features, NPSFs) as well as 6 thematic role markers to neural activation patterns (assessed with fMRI), to predict activation levels in a network of brain locations. The model used two types of information gained from the English-based fMRI data to predict the activation for individual sentences in Portuguese. First, it used the mapping weights from NPSFs to voxel activation levels derived from the model for English reading. Second, the brain locations for which the activation levels were predicted were derived from a factor analysis of the brain activation patterns during English reading. These meta-language locations were defined by the clusters of voxels with high loadings on each of the four main dimensions (factors), namely people, places, actions and feelings, underlying the neural representations of the stimulus sentences.This cross-language model succeeded in predicting the brain activation patterns associated with the reading of 60 individual Portuguese sentences that were entirely new to the model, attaining accuracies reliably above chance level. The prediction accuracy was not affected by whether the Portuguese speaker was monolingual or Portuguese-English bilingual. The model's confusion errors indicated an accurate capture of the events or states described in the sentence at a conceptual level. Overall, the cross-language predictive capability of the model demonstrates the neural commonality between speakers of different languages in the representations of everyday events and states, and provides an initial characterization of the common meta-language neural basis.

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The Neural Correlates of Social Cognition and Social Interaction

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Centrality of Social Interaction in Human Brain Function

Centrality of Social Interaction in Human Brain Function

Putting Ourselves in Another’s Skin: Using the Plasticity of Self-Perception to Enhance Empathy and Decrease Prejudice

Commonality of neural representations of sentences across languages: Predicting brain activation during Portuguese sentence comprehension using an English-based model of brain function

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