The neural basis of semantic cognition: Converging evidence from neuropsychology, neuroimaging and TMS

Jefferies, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2012.10.008

Cited by 446 publications

(559 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…However, even though percentage of correct responses was equivalent for both groups, the pattern of brain activity that emerged from the semantic task differed between younger and older participants. Consistent with our hypothesis, significant age-related changes were found within several key regions of the semantic network: the left IPC, the temporoparietal region bilaterally and, more surprisingly, the left ATL (Binder, et al, 2009;Jefferies, 2013;Jefferies & Lambon Ralph, 2006;Patterson, et al, 2007;Whitney, et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Typically, this semantic network includes key regions such as the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) region, which is considered to represent a candidate site for the storage of conceptual representations, and for processing concepts at an amodal and abstract level (Jefferies & Lambon Ralph, 2006;Patterson, Nestor, & Rogers, 2007). The left inferior prefrontal cortex (IPC) and left temporoparietal region, in contrast, appear to be involved in strategic search and control 4 processes required for semantic processing (Binder, et al, 2009;Jefferies, 2013;Jefferies & Lambon Ralph, 2006;Whitney, Kirk, O'Sullivan, Lambon Ralph, & Jefferies, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural changes associated with semantic processing in healthy aging despite intact behavioral performance

et al. 2015

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Semantic memory recruits an extensive neural network including the left inferior prefrontal cortex (IPC) and the left temporoparietal region, which are involved in semantic control processes, as well as the anterior temporal lobe region (ATL) which is considered to be involved in processing semantic information at a central level. However, little is known about the underlying neuronal integrity of the semantic network in normal aging. Young and older healthy adults carried out a semantic judgment task while their cortical activity was recorded using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Despite equivalent behavioral performance, young adults activated the left IPC to a greater extent than older adults, while the latter group recruited the temporoparietal region bilaterally and the left ATL to a greater extent than younger adults. Results indicate that significant neuronal changes occur in normal aging, mainly in regions underlying semantic control processes, despite an apparent stability in performance at the behavioral level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural changes associated with semantic processing in healthy aging despite intact behavioral performance

et al. 2015

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“…The left temporal lobe is thought to support both lexical and semantic level processing (e.g., Indefrey, 2011, Jefferies, 2013; see also Cloutman et al, 2009), and indeed, damage here is associated with exaggerated relatedness effects in language production (Schnur, Lee, Coslett, Schwartz, & Thompson-Schill, 2005) and M A N U S C R I P T…”

Section: Neural Substrates Of Semantic Interferencementioning

confidence: 78%

“…Semantic level processing, however, is thought to occur in more anterior regions of the temporal lobe. The anterior temporal pole is thought to serve as a semantic hub binding distributed features to form core semantic representations (reviewed in Patterson, Nestor, & Rogers, 2007; see also Jefferies, 2013;Visser, Jefferies, & Lambon Ralph, 2010), where regions located more anteriorly in the MTG serve as an interface between lexical input processing regions and the anterior temporal pole (e.g., Binney, Embleton, Jefferies, Parker, & Lambon Ralph, 2010), making the anterior temporal lobe (including the anterior MTG) one likely candidate for the neural locus of the relatedness effect in comprehension. Thus, the first aim of this study was to test whether damage to separate temporal lobe regions creates exaggerated relatedness effects in production vs. comprehension (i.e., posterior vs. anterior temporal lobe, respectively), as this would provide support for the assumptions that the competition creating semantic interference arises at different levels of the language system.…”

Section: Neural Substrates Of Semantic Interference 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct loci of lexical and semantic access deficits in aphasia: Evidence from voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping and diffusion tensor imaging

Harvey

Schnur

2015

Cortex

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Please cite this article as: Harvey DY, Schnur TT, Distinct loci of lexical and semantic access deficits in aphasia: Evidence from voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping and diffusion tensor imaging, CORTEX (2015), doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.03.004. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Further, damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG), a region implicated in cognitive control, results in increasing semantic interference when items repeat across cycles in both language production and comprehension (Jefferies, Baker, Doran, & Lambon Ralph, 2007). This generates the prediction that the LIFG via white matter connections supports resolution of semantic interference arising from different loci (lexical vs. semantic) in the temporal lobe. However, it remains unclear whether the cognitive and neural mechanisms that resolve semantic interference are the same across tasks. Thus, we examined which gray matter structures (using whole brain and region of interest approaches) and white matter connections (using deterministic tractography) when damaged impact semantic interference and its increase across cycles when repeatedly producing and understanding words in 15 speakers with varying lexical-semantic deficits from left hemisphere stroke. We found that damage to distinct brain regions, the posterior vs. anterior temporal lobe, was associated with semantic interference (collapsed across cycles) in naming and comprehension, respectively. Further, those with LIFG damage compared to those without exhibited marginally larger increases in semantic interference across cycles in naming but not comprehension. Lastly, the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, connecting the LIFG with posterior temporal lobe, related to semantic interference in naming, whereas the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, connecting posterior with anterior temporal regions related to semantic interference in comprehension. These neuroanatomical-behavioral findings have

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“…The left posterior middle temporal gyrus has also been identified as an important region of the semantic network (Whitney et al, 2012;Jefferies, 2013;Noonan et al, 2013). More specifically, it has been recently suggested that this region plays a major role in the executive aspects of semantic cognition, including the manipulation and selection of task relevant knowledge as well as the inhibition of task-irrelevant knowledge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease are associated with distinct patterns of memory impairment

Joubert

Gour

Guedj

et al. 2016

Cortex

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The goal of this study was to investigate the specific patterns of memory breakdown in patients suffering from early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Twenty EOAD patients, twenty LOAD patients, twenty matched younger controls, and twenty matched older controls participated in this study.All participants underwent a detailed neuropsychological assessment, an MRI scan, an FDG-PET scan, and AD patients had biomarkers as supporting evidence of both amyloïdopathy and neuronal injury. Results of the neuropsychological assessment showed that both EOAD and LOAD groups were impaired in the domains of memory, executive functions, language, praxis, and visuoconstructional abilities, when compared to their respective control groups. EOAD and LOAD groups, however, showed distinct patterns of memory impairment. Even though both groups were similarly affected on measures of episodic, short term and working memory, in contrast semantic memory was significantly more impaired in LOAD than in EOAD patients. The EOAD group was not more affected than the LOAD group in any memory domain. EOAD patients, however, showed significantly poorer performance in other cognitive domains including executive functions and visuoconstructional abilities. A more detailed analysis of the pattern of semantic memory performance among patient groups revealed that the LOAD was more profoundly impaired, in tasks of both spontaneous recall and semantic recognition.Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) analyses showed that impaired semantic performance in patients was associated with reduced gray matter volume in the anterior temporal lobe region, while PET-FDG analyses revealed that poorer semantic performance was associated with greater hypometabolism in the left temporoparietal region, both areas reflecting key regions of the semantic network. Results of this study indicate that EOAD and LOAD patients present with distinct patterns of memory impairment, and that a genuine semantic impairment may represent one of the clinical hallmarks of LOAD.

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The neural basis of semantic cognition: Converging evidence from neuropsychology, neuroimaging and TMS

Cited by 446 publications

References 138 publications

Neural changes associated with semantic processing in healthy aging despite intact behavioral performance

Neural changes associated with semantic processing in healthy aging despite intact behavioral performance

Distinct loci of lexical and semantic access deficits in aphasia: Evidence from voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping and diffusion tensor imaging

Early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease are associated with distinct patterns of memory impairment

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