The network effects of NGOs on social capital and innovation among smallholder farmers: a case study in Peru

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“…Meanwhile, research shows that the activities of socially oriented nonprofit organizations can have noticeable effects on the regional economy. Thus, SONPOs participate in the processes of production and distribution of socially significant benefits (Mersiyanova, Benevolensky, 2016), act as employers for socially vulnerable population groups (Goryacheva, 2018), create opportunities for the transfer of knowledge and skills, thereby increasing the innovative attractiveness of the region (Saidov, 2020), multiply human and social capital (Hartmann et al, 2019), stimulate civic participation to solve local problems (Artamonova, Bazueva, 2022). This gives reason to conclude that, under certain conditions, SONPOs can become effective economic agents.…”