The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA): rationale, objectives and methods

Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.; Beekman, Aartjan T.F.; Smit, Johannes H.; Zitman, Frans G.; Nolen, Willem A.; Spinhoven, Philip; Cuijpers, Pim; Jong, Peter J. de; Marwijk, H.W.J. van; Assendelft, W. J. J.; Meer, Klaas van der; Verhaak, Peter; Wensing, Michel; Graaf, Ron de; Hoogendijk, Witte J.G.; Ormel, Johan; Dyck, Richard van

doi:10.1002/mpr.256

Cited by 840 publications

(749 citation statements)

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“…All participants gave their verbal and written informed consent. A more detailed description of NESDA is described elsewhere 23. We excluded 29 participants for whom no information on social functioning was available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social functioning in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders

Saris

Aghajani

Werff

et al. 2017

Acta Psychiatr Scand

136

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ObjectiveAdaptive social functioning is severely impeded in depressive and anxiety disorders, even after remission. However, a comprehensive overview is still lacking.MethodUsing data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), behavioural (network size, social activities, social support) and affective (loneliness, affiliation, perceived social disability) indicators of social functioning were analyzed in patients with anxiety (N = 540), depressive (N = 393), comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders (‘comorbid’, N = 748), remitted participants (N = 621), and healthy control subjects (N = 650).ResultsAnalyses revealed an increasing trend of social dysfunction among patient groups, in patients with comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders, showing the most severe impairments, followed by depressed and anxious patients (P's < 0.001 for all social functioning indicators). Affective indicators showed the largest effect sizes (Cohen's d range from 0.13 to 1.76). We also found impairments in social functioning among remitted patients. Furthermore, perceived social disability among patients was predictive of still having a depressive and/or anxiety diagnosis 2 years later (P < 0.01).ConclusionsBehavioural but especially affective indicators of social functioning are impaired in patients with anxiety or depressive disorders and most in patients with comorbid disorders. After remission of affective psychopathology, residual impairments tend to remain, while social dysfunction in patients seems predictive of future psychopathology.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social functioning in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders

Saris

Aghajani

Werff

et al. 2017

Acta Psychiatr Scand

136

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“…Detailed study rationale, design, and methods have been published elsewhere 29. Briefly, between September 2004 and February 2007, participants were recruited from the community, primary care, and specialized mental health care.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Prospective Associations of Metabolic Syndrome Components With Depression, Anxiety, and Antidepressant Use

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMetabolic syndrome components—waist circumference, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), triglycerides, systolic blood pressure and fasting glucose—are cross‐sectionally associated with depression and anxiety with differing strength. Few studies examine the relationships over time or whether antidepressants have independent effects.MethodsParticipants were from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA; N = 2,776; 18–65 years; 66% female). At baseline, 2‐ and 6‐year follow‐up, participants completed diagnostic interviews, depression and anxiety symptom inventories, antidepressant use assessment, and measurements of the five metabolic syndrome components. Data were analyzed for the consistency of associations between psychopathology indicators and metabolic syndrome components across the three assessment waves, and whether psychopathology or antidepressant use at one assessment predicts metabolic dysregulation at the next and vice versa.ResultsConsistently across waves, psychopathology was associated with generally poorer values of metabolic syndrome components, particularly waist circumference and triglycerides. Stronger associations were observed for psychopathology symptom severity than diagnosis. Antidepressant use was independently associated with higher waist circumference, triglycerides and number of metabolic syndrome abnormalities, and lower HDL‐C. Symptom severity and antidepressant use were associated with subsequently increased number of abnormalities, waist circumference, and glucose after 2 but not 4 years. Conversely, there was little evidence that metabolic syndrome components were associated with subsequent psychopathology outcomes.ConclusionsSymptom severity and antidepressant use were independently associated with metabolic dysregulation consistently over time and also had negative consequences for short‐term metabolic health. This is of concern given the chronicity of depression and anxiety and prevalence of antidepressant treatment.

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“…All respondents provided written informed consent. Further details about NESDA are provided elsewhere (Penninx et al, 2008). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new perspective on PTSD symptoms after traumatic vs stressful life events and the role of gender

Berg

Tollenaar

Spinhoven

et al. 2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: There is an ongoing debate about the validity of the A1 criterion of PTSD. Whereas the DSM-5 has opted for a more stringent A1 criterion, the ICD-11 will leave it out as a key criterion. Objective: Here we investigated whether formal DSM-IV-TR traumatic (A1) and stressful (non-A1) events differ with regard to PTSD symptom profiles, and whether there is a gender difference in this respect. Method: This was examined in a large, mostly clinical sample from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (n = 1433). Participants described their most bothersome (index) event and were assigned to either an A1 or non-A1 event group according to this index event. Results: Remarkably, in men PTSD symptoms were even more severe after non-A1 than A1 events, whereas in women symptoms were equally severe after non-A1 and A1 events. Moreover, while women showed significantly higher PTSD symptoms after A1 events than men (29.9 versus 15.4% met PTSD criteria), there was no gender difference after non-A1 events (women: 28.2%; men: 31.3%). Furthermore, anxiety and perceived impact were higher in women than men, which was associated with PTSD symptom severity. Conclusion: In sum, while women showed similar levels of PTSD symptoms after both event types, men reported even higher levels of PTSD symptoms after non-A1 than A1 events. These findings shed a new light on the role of gender in PTSD symptomatology and the clinical usefulness of the A1 criterion.

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The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA): rationale, objectives and methods

Abstract: The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) is a multi-site naturalistic cohort study to: (1) describe the long-term course and consequences of depressive and anxiety disorders, and (2)

Cited by 840 publications

References 94 publications

Social functioning in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders

Social functioning in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders

Bidirectional Prospective Associations of Metabolic Syndrome Components With Depression, Anxiety, and Antidepressant Use

A new perspective on PTSD symptoms after traumatic vs stressful life events and the role of gender

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