The nerves and nerve endings in the membrana tympani of man

Wilson, J. Gordon

doi:10.1002/aja.1000110202

Cited by 40 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The external plexus is formed from the tympanic branch of the deep auricular artery, a branch of the maxillary artery. The deep auricular branch sends large manubrial branches along Shrapnell's membrane and the manubrium and numerous small radial branches into the tympanic membrane from along its circumference 97 . Angiography has shown that the malleal artery is the major blood supply of the posterior half of the drum, which is better perfused than the anterior half.…”

Section: Normal Tympanic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lateral portion of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the auriculotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve in its anterior half and the auricular branch of the vagus nerve, also called Arnold's nerve, in its posterior half. A branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve, called Jacobson's nerve, supplies the mesotympanum and the medial portion of the drum 100 . Studies using the rat model have shown the presence of vasoactive substances similar to the properties of substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and enkephalin in nerve fibers supplying the pars flaccida.…”

Section: Normal Tympanic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is achieved by opening of the eustachian tube through active inflation, Valsalva's maneuver, yawning, or swallowing, or possibly by a reflex mechanism 114‐116 . This latter possibility has spurred interest in the search for possible chemoreceptors or baroreceptors in the middle ear; however, no conclusive evidence has been found 117‐119 …”

Section: Normal Tympanic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Overlay Versus Underlay Tympanoplasty. Part I: Historical Review of the Literature

Rizer

1997

The Laryngoscope

139

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The history of otology is the history of the successful treatment of infections of the middle ear and the eardrum. Otologists have sought to restore hearing lost to infections of the eardrum since the 1600s. The development of instruments, techniques, and materials to treat infection is fascinating because of the serendipitous nature of the discoveries and the insight of the discoverers. This historical review describes the history of the treatment of infections of the ear and the development of modern techniques of ear surgery. Two contemporary methods of tympanic membrane repair are then described.

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Section: Normal Tympanic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Normal Tympanic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Normal Tympanic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Overlay Versus Underlay Tympanoplasty. Part I: Historical Review of the Literature

Rizer

1997

The Laryngoscope

139

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“…These authors believed that special nerve endings in the TM could be sensitive to TM displacements and act as detectors of pressure change, thus playing a role in the feedback mechanisms of pressure regulation in the ME. The possible existence of stretch receptors within the TM is evidenced by specialized nerve endings primarily described by Wilson (1911) and then proved by Nagai and Tono (1989). Rockley and Hawke (1992) suggested that the PF has theoretical potential to play a role as a baroreceptor, too, since its ultrastructural attributes are similar to that of arterial baroreceptors in the carotid sinus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

The effects of slight pressure oscillations in the far infrasound frequency range on the pars flaccida in gerbil and rabbit ears

et al. 2006

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This study was designed to clarify whether the pars flaccida (PF) as a flexible part of the tympanic membrane is capable of reacting to pressure oscillations (PO) with amplitudes and frequencies typical for natural atmospheric pressure fluctuations in the far infrasound frequency range (APF). If so, the PF mechanical reactions to APF might be involved in the overall physiologic regulation processes, which make organisms susceptible to APF. The displacements of the PF in response to PO were measured in vitro in ears of gerbils and rabbits by means of laser Doppler vibrometry. The index of the PF reactivity (R(a)) was determined as the ratio of the amplitude of the PF oscillations (PFO) to the amplitude of the PO. All kinds of PO applied caused PFO. The amplitude of the PFO increased when the amplitude of the PO was increased. In gerbils, a decrease in R(a) with the increase in amplitude of the PO was observed. In the range of PO lowest amplitudes (4-20 Pa) R(a) proved to be 1.4 times higher than in the range of highest amplitudes (90-105 Pa). Considering that the natural APF are usually within the range of +/-20 Pa, this fact points to an important contribution of the PF to the pressure dynamics in the middle ear (ME) of gerbils. In rabbit ears, R(a) was lower and recovery from plastic deformation was slower than in gerbils. Our findings are in line with the suggestion that the PF might play an important role in respect of adaptation to natural APF.

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“…Based on their measurements of pars flaccida (PF) motions, Hellströ m and Stenfors (1983) argued that the PF may act as a pressure receptor, a view that was supported by the discovery of nerve endings in the tympanic membrane (TM) (e.g., Wilson 1911;Nagai and Tono 1989;Nagai 1995). ME pressure is continuously regulated during the day (Tideholm et al 1998;Dirckx et al 2001) by action of the ET muscles, possibly through neural feedback loops (Eden and Gannon 1987;Eden et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 45%

High-Resolution Measurements of Middle Ear Gas Volume Changes in the Rabbit Enables Estimation of its Mucosal CO2 Conductance

Marcusohn

Dirckx

2006

JARO

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Transmucosal CO(2) exchange in the middle ear (ME) of the New Zealand White rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was studied using an accurate novel detecting and recording system for measuring gas volume changes at constant pressure, based on a principle that was previously used by Kania et al. (Acta Otolaryngol 124:408-410, 2004). After the ME cavity was washed with ambient air, the initial diffusion rate of CO(2) (V(.-)(i)CO(2)) from the blood perfusing the ME mucosa was calculated from gas volume change measurements. In nine cases, the (V(.-)(i)CO(2))calculated after normalization due to shifts in baseline was 314+/-112 microL x h(-1) (mean +/- SD). In two cases where normalization was not needed, (V(.-)(i)CO(2)) was 409 microL x h(-1) (276 and 543 microL x h(-1)). Normalization of (V(.-)(i)CO(2)) data was also made in five additional cases where secretion of fluids from the lining of the ear canal was observed. In these cases (V(.-)(i)CO(2)) was 245 +/- 142 microL x h(-1). No differences were found between results obtained in the three groups. Thus, an overall mean value of (V(.-)(i)CO(2)) of 305 +/- 131 microL x h(-1) (n = 16) was calculated. An effective coefficient of conductance of CO(2) (G(CO(2))) between the mucosal circulation and the ME gas cavity of the New Zealand White rabbit was estimated to be approximately 0.05 microL (h x Pa)(-1) and compared to the G(CO(2)) estimated for humans in a different study.

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The nerves and nerve endings in the membrana tympani of man

Cited by 40 publications

References 4 publications

Overlay Versus Underlay Tympanoplasty. Part I: Historical Review of the Literature

Overlay Versus Underlay Tympanoplasty. Part I: Historical Review of the Literature

The effects of slight pressure oscillations in the far infrasound frequency range on the pars flaccida in gerbil and rabbit ears

High-Resolution Measurements of Middle Ear Gas Volume Changes in the Rabbit Enables Estimation of its Mucosal CO2 Conductance

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