The nerve supply of the vertebral column and its associated structures in the monkey

Neurohistology of lumbar spine ligaments

“…At least four different types of nerve endings were observed in these ligaments. Consistent with earlier histologic studies, three of them could be readily characterized as Ruffini end organs, Ruffini corpuscles, and pacinian corpuscles (Boyd 1954, Stilwell 1956, 1957, Hromada and Polacek 1958, Jacksonetal. 1966,O'ConnorandGonzales 1979, Schultzet al 1984,Zimnyetal.…”

“…Then, there are at least two potential sources innervating the posterior ligamentous system, that is, the lumbar dorsal rani and the sinuvertebral nerve. Stilwell (1956Stilwell ( , 1957 found the Ruffini receptors only at the connection between the spinalis dorsi and the interspinous ligament and the pacinian corpuscles only in the lumbodorsal fascia. We have now found them also in the supraspinous ligaments and the ligamenta flava.…”

Analysis of Long Bone and Vertebral Failure Patterns

“…Innervation of the rhesus monkey zygapophysial joint as described by Stilwell (1956) was confirmed in this study.…”

“…The innervation of the zygapophysial joints in the rhesus monkey has been documented by Stilwell (1956). …”

Prevalence of chronic facet arthropathy: a retrospective study

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] They also have been shown to be a source of pain in patients with chronic Spinal pain using diagnostic techniques of known reliability and validity. 23 Previous studies have demonstrated that both the capsule [49][50] and synovial folds [51][52] of facet joints possess nociceptive nerve endings.…”