The Nerve Supply of the Kidneys

Mitchell, G. A. G.

doi:10.1159/000140455

Cited by 57 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…DISCUSSION The rat kidney is abundantly supplied with nerves derived mainly from the celiac plexus and from the thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves. These nerves converge into the hilum of the kidney and follow the renal artery, especially in the last part of its course (17). In preliminary experiments, we made detailed anatomical dissections of the renal nerves and it was obvious that minor variations in their origin and distribution were frequent and that care was needed to avoid a partial denervation or interruption of fibers to the contralateral kidney.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute unilateral renal denervation in the rat.

Bello‐Reuss¹,

Colindres²,

Pastoriza-Munoz³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

215

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A B S T R A C T Studies were undertaken to characterize the renal responses to acute unilateral renal denervation and the mechanisms involved in these responses. Denervation was produced in anesthetized nondiuretic rats by application of phenol to the left renal artery. Studies were also performed in sham-denervated nondiuretic rats. Whole kidney and individual nephron studies were performed before and after denervation or sham denervation. Denervation increased urine volume from the left kidney to about twice its control value (P < 0.001) and increased urinary sodium excretion from 332 neq min' to 1,887 neq min' (P <0.001). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) remained unchanged in both kidneys after the procedure. The innervated right kidney showed no changes in urine volume or in sodium excretion. After denervation, late proximal ratio of tubular fluid inulin concentration to that of plasma [ (F/P) In] decreased from 2.23 to 1.50 (P < 0.001) while single nephron GFR remained unchanged. Absolute reabsorption decreased from 16.5 to 9.9 nl min' (P <0.001). (F/P) i ratios were also decreased in early distal (from 6.21 to 3.18, P <0.001) and late distal convolutions (from 16.41 to 8.33, P < 0.001) during the experimental period. (F/P) Na ratios remained unchanged in the early distal convolutions, but increased from 0.18 to 0.38 (P < 0.01) in late distal convolutions after denervation. Absolute Na reabsorption after denervation increased in the loop of Henle, distal convolution, and collecting ducts. Any changes in intrarenal hydrostatic pressures

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute unilateral renal denervation in the rat.

Bello‐Reuss¹,

Colindres²,

Pastoriza-Munoz³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

215

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“…A ganglion in the major splanchnic nerve in man is called the splanchnic ganglion ofLobstein [Loii/m , 1823;Hoxelacque, 1927;Mitchell, 1950Mitchell, , 1953. The microscopical ob servations of nerve cell perikarya accumulated in more or less distinct ganglia in the lower parts of the major and minor splanchnic nerves in man have been described by Cunningham [1875], The celiac nerve from the suprarenal ganglion towards the celiac artery has not been described by Asfouri [1971] or Greene [1963] in the rat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extrinsic innervation of the abdominal organs in the female rat

Baljet

Drukker

1979

Cells Tissues Organs

112

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The extrinsic innervation of the abdominal organs in neonatal and adult female rats is described. Mainly an in toto acetylcholinesterase method was used; moreover, formaldehyde-induced fluorescence and acetylcholinesterase were demonstrated in sections. The major splanchnic nerve has its origin in the ninth and tenth thoracic sympathetic trunc ganglia. In the major splanchnic nerve a suprarenal ganglion is present. Sometimes the minor splanchnic nerve, arising from the tenth thoracic ganglion, joins the distal part of the suprarenal ganglion. The left and right major splanchnic nerves join the left and right celiac ganglia in the plexus. The left celiac ganglion is always bigger than the right one. The celiac plexus and the celiac inferior mesenteric plexus are joined by the intermesenteric plexus. Para-aortic nerves, originating in the caudal part of the thoracic sympathetic truncs, also join the abdominal prevertebral plexuses. The lumbar splanchnic nerves, not symmetrical in their origin, join the prevertebral plexuses and give off branches to the abdominal organs. The suprarenal glands receive bundles of nerve fibers, sometimes ganglionated, from the suprarenal ganglion. The kidneys are innervated from the celiac plexus, the upper lumbar splanchnic nerves and the intermesenteric plexus. The ovarian nerves are derived from the celiac plexus, the intermesenteric plexus and the upper lumbar splanchnic nerves. Bundles of nerve fibers run from the suprarenal ganglion in the celiac plexus in the direction of the suspensory ligament of the ovary. In many respects this description is at variance with existing literature on the autonomic innervation in the rat. These differences with the standard literature are relevant to those workers engaged in experiments on the sympathetic innervation of abdominal viscera.

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“…The kidney is richly innervated (Mitchell, 1950;Christensen, Lewis & Kuntz, 1951;Shvalev, 1966; Barajas, 1978). Until recently, physiologists tended to minimize the role of this innervation in the regulation of renal function because denervated kidney transplants generally respond appropriately to normal physiologic stresses (Dibona, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of renal‐efferent neurones and their neural connexions within cat renal ganglia using intracellular electrodes.

Decktor¹,

Weems²

1981

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Intracellular recordings were made, in vitro, from neurones located within left renal ganglia and left coeliac ganglia of cat solar plexus.2. Forty-three percent of the neurones of the renal ganglia tested were identified by antidromic activation as renal-efferent neurones.3. Electrical stimulation of all nerve trunks emanating from renal ganglia, other than the renal nerves, did not antidromically activate renal ganglia neurones. Neurones not antidromically activated were designated as non-efferent neurones.4. Neurones within the renal ganglia were also characterized as phasic or tonic neurones depending on their pattern of discharge.5. Electrical stimulation of renal nerves produced excitatory synaptic potentials (e.p.s.p.s) in 18 % of the renal-efferent neurones.6. Compound e.p.s.p.s were produced in 5000 of the renal ganglia neurones tested by stimulation of the ipsilateral splanchnic nerves and in 840 of the neurones upon stimulation of the vertebral nerve.7. Synaptic responses demonstrating characteristics typical of those induced by activation of multisynaptic neural pathways were produced upon stimulation of renal and coeliac nerves.8. The results of this study indicate that the electrophysiological properties of renal-efferent neurones vary considerably from neurone to neurone and that these neurones receive synaptic inputs from a variety of preganglionic fibres and possibly from other neurones having their soma located within the solar plexus.

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The Nerve Supply of the Kidneys

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of acute unilateral renal denervation in the rat.

Effects of acute unilateral renal denervation in the rat.

The extrinsic innervation of the abdominal organs in the female rat

A study of renal‐efferent neurones and their neural connexions within cat renal ganglia using intracellular electrodes.

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