The neonatal heart has a relatively high content of total collagen and type I collagen, a condition that may explain the less compliant state

Marijianowski, Monique M.H.; Loos, Chris M. van der; Mohrschladt, M.F; Becker, Anton E.

doi:10.1016/0735-1097(94)90612-2

Cited by 124 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this has not been reported before. Similarly, decreases in RV collagen I/III, which would be expected to lessen RV stiffness (40,45), are a novel finding and may be the correlate of the increased RV compliance we noted with E 2 treatment. Lastly, we identify autophagy as a novel target of E 2 in the RV; this finding is of particular interest, since E 2 effects on autophagy are not well described, and since currently available studies are limited to the oncology field (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

17β-Estradiol mediates superior adaptation of right ventricular function to acute strenuous exercise in female rats with severe pulmonary hypertension

Lahm

Frump

Albrecht

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Since acute exercise-induced increases in afterload may lead to RV dysfunction in PAH, we sought to determine whether E2 allows for superior RV adaptation after an acute exercise challenge. We studied echocardiographic, hemodynamic, structural, and biochemical markers of RV function in male and female rats with sugen/hypoxia (SuHx)-induced pulmonary hypertension, as well as in ovariectomized (OVX) SuHx females, with or without concomitant E2 repletion (75 g·kg Ϫ1 ·day Ϫ1 ) immediately after 45 min of treadmill running at 75% of individually determined maximal aerobic capacity (75% aerobic capacity reserve). Compared with males, intact female rats exhibited higher stroke volume and cardiac indexes, a strong trend for better RV compliance, and less pronounced increases in indexed total pulmonary resistance. OVX abrogated favorable RV adaptations, whereas E 2 repletion after OVX markedly improved RV function. E2's effects on pulmonary vascular remodeling were complex and less robust than its RV effects. Postexercise hemodynamics in females with endogenous or exogenous E 2 were similar to hemodynamics in nonexercised controls, whereas OVX rats exhibited more severely altered postexercise hemodynamics. E 2 mediated inhibitory effects on RV fibrosis and attenuated increases in RV collagen I/III ratio. Proapoptotic signaling, endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation, and autophagic flux markers were affected by E 2 depletion and/or repletion. Markers of impaired autophagic flux correlated with endpoints of RV structure and function. Endogenous and exogenous E 2 exerts protective effects on RV function measured immediately after an acute exercise challenge. Harnessing E 2's mechanisms may lead to novel RV-directed therapies.sugen/hypoxia; fibrosis; apoptosis; endothelial nitric oxide synthase; autophagy PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION (PAH) is a sexually dimorphic disease with a female-to-male ratio of up to 4:1 (3). Despite availability of 14 Food and Drug Administrationapproved medications, PAH remains a devastating, progressive, and incurable disease, evidenced by the disappointing 3-yr survival rate of only 55% (22). Even though both female sex and right ventricular (RV) function are major determinants of survival in PAH (5, 22, 23), no RV-or sex steroid-directed therapies exist. This is of importance, since women, despite being more prone to PAH development, exhibit better survival than male patients, a phenomenon attributed, at least in part, to better RV function in women (22,23,26,34,62).We and others demonstrated that the female sex hormone 17␤-estradiol (E 2 ) exerts protective effects on RV function in experimental PAH (11,36,37,60), findings that support observations made in healthy postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy users, where circulating E 2 levels correlate with better RV ejection fraction (61). Given the superior RV function of female PAH patients (23, 26), the exquisite sensitivity of the RV to increases in afterload (19), and the recent observation that exercise and physical activity...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

17β-Estradiol mediates superior adaptation of right ventricular function to acute strenuous exercise in female rats with severe pulmonary hypertension

Lahm

Frump

Albrecht

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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“…It has been reported that the E wave was lower in pre-term infants than in term infants, 2 and in the present study we observed a positive correlation between Vp and the E wave. Pathological studies have shown that the ratio of type I to type III collagen is very high in the hearts of neonates, followed by a gradual decrease in the ratio during development, 26 so we speculate that the premature myocardium is more rigid and less compliant and therefore, the force generated by the myocardium of premature infants may be very weak. Thus, not only the peak early velocity of transmitral flow, but also the propagation velocity from the LV inflow to apex may be insufficient for LV diastolic function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left Ventricular Diastolic Performance in Neonates

Iwashima

Seguchi

Ohzeki

2005

Circ J

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Echocardiographic EvaluationEchocardiography measurement was performed while the infants were resting. A complete 2-dimensional echocardiographic examination was performed using a HewlettPackard Sonos 2000 with a 5.0 MHz transducer. We mea- Left Ventricular Diastolic Performance in NeonatesSatoru Iwashima, MD; Masashi Seguchi, MD*; Takehiko Ohzeki, MD Background The left ventricular (LV) diastolic performance of infants who were in a stable post-treatment condition in the neonatal intensive care unit was evaluated using echocardiography. Methods and ResultsThe study group comprised 55 infants (Stable infant group, SI) and the parameters of LV performance were: LV propagation velocity (Vp) by color M-mode Doppler echocardiography (CMD), peak E wave, peak A wave, and the E/A ratio of transmitral flow. In a second set of measurements, a subset of 10 infants (patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) infant group, PI) were evaluated for LV diastolic performance during closure of PDA. The mean Vp in the SI was 27.2±7.3 cm/s and a positive correlation was observed between Vp and gestational age (r=0.477, p=0.0002). In the PI, Vp did not change significantly during closure of the PDA (from 23.3±8.2 cm/s to 27.5±8.4 cm/s); however, the E/Vp ratio decreased significantly with closure (from 3.14±0.83 to 2.12±0.68, p=0.0051). Conclusion The measurement of Vp by CMD can be considered a parameter for the evaluation of LV diastolic performance, even in the neonatal period. The LV diastolic performance of the infant is maintained from immediately after birth to spontaneous closure of the PDA. (Circ J 2005; 69: 1094 -1098

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“…Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease also exhibit marked organ-specific changes in the composition and 1 Abbreviations: 5HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine; AA-4500, clostridial collagenase; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ADAMTS, disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; ECM, extracellular matrix; FG-3019, a human CTGF-specific monoclonal antibody; MMP, matrix metalloprotease; PI-88, phosphomannopentose sulfate; SB431542, 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide; SD-208, 2-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-[(4-pyridyl)amino]pteridine; SM305, an activin-like receptor kinase inhibitor 5 (ALK5); SPARC, secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine; TFO, triplexforming oligonucleotide; TGF, transforming growth factor; TIMP, tissue inhibitors of MMP; TNF, tumor necrosis factor. (Gelse et al, 2003), vessel wall (Katsuda et al, 1992;Rauterberg et al, 1993), and heart (Marijianowski et al, 1994) Osteogenesis imperfecta (Bonadio and Byers, 1985); classic type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (Nuytinck et al, 2000) Atherosclerosis (Katsuda et al, 1992;Rauterberg et al, 1993); hypertensive heart disease (López et al, 2001;Díez et al, 2005); fibrotic diseases including chronic kidney diseases (Alexakis et al, 2006) II Predominant component of cartilage (Bruckner and van der Rest, 1994); mediates interactions with proteoglycans (Mayne, 1989) Stickler syndrome type I (Maumenee, 1979;Ahmad et al, 1991); spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (Tiller et al, 1995); achondrogenesis …”

Section: Extracellular Matrix Molecules Their Functions and Relamentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Matrix Molecules: Potential Targets in Pharmacotherapy

et al. 2009

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The neonatal heart has a relatively high content of total collagen and type I collagen, a condition that may explain the less compliant state

Abstract: These findings suggest that the relative high content of collagen, related to the myocytes, and the high ratio of type I to type III collagen provide the substrate for a rigid, less compliant heart in neonates.

Cited by 124 publications

References 12 publications

17β-Estradiol mediates superior adaptation of right ventricular function to acute strenuous exercise in female rats with severe pulmonary hypertension

17β-Estradiol mediates superior adaptation of right ventricular function to acute strenuous exercise in female rats with severe pulmonary hypertension

Left Ventricular Diastolic Performance in Neonates

Extracellular Matrix Molecules: Potential Targets in Pharmacotherapy

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