The Nearctic Forms of Lycæides Hüb. (Lycænidæ,Lepidoptera)

Nabokov, Vladimir

doi:10.1155/1943/69615

Cited by 24 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, 440 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene were sequenced from two individuals from each of these populations. Additional COI sequences were also obtained from two individuals from the Carson Pass population of L. melissa and two Nice and Shapiro (1999) and Nabokov (1949). Ellipses indicate the 95% confidence interval for each species.…”

Section: Mitochondrial Dna Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of evidence for reproductive isolation among ecologically specialised lycaenid butterflies

Nice

Fordyce

Shapiro

et al. 2002

Ecological Entomology

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Abstract. 1. The evolution of reproductive isolation between recently diverged or incipient species is a critical component of speciation and a major focus of speciation models. In phytophagous insects, host plant fidelity (the habit of mating and ovipositing on a single host species) can contribute to assortative mating and reproductive isolation between populations adapting to alternative hosts. The potential role of host plant fidelity in the evolution of reproductive isolation was examined in a pair of North American blue butterfly species, Lycaeides idas and L. melissa.2. These species are morphologically distinct and populations of each species utilise different host plants; however they share 410 bp haplotypes of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, indicating recent divergence.3. Some populations using native hosts exhibited strong fidelity for their natal host plant over the hosts used by nearby populations. Because these butterflies mate on or near the host plant, the development of strong host fidelity may create reproductive isolation among populations on different hosts and restrict gene flow.4. Tests of population differentiation using allozyme allele frequency data did not provide convincing evidence of restricted gene flow among populations. Based on morphological differences, observed ecological specialisation, and the sharing of genetic markers, these butterflies appear to be undergoing adaptive radiation driven at least partially by host shifts. Neutral genetic markers may fail to detect the effects of very recent host shifts in these populations due to gene flow and/or the recency of divergence and shared ancestral polymorphism.

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Section: Mitochondrial Dna Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three measurements were made for each male following the methods of Nabokov (1949). The three measurements were: falx length, humerulus length, and uncus length (Fig.…”

Section: Morphometric Analysis Of Male Genitaliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of evidence for reproductive isolation among ecologically specialised lycaenid butterflies

Nice

Fordyce

Shapiro

et al. 2002

Ecological Entomology

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“…Terminus of selected veins indicated outside of the wing margin. Wing spots synonymous with Nabokov's (1943 ) ‘macule (second)’ except for parenthetical ‘thirds’. Discodial cell (macule) indicated as c .…”

Section: Morphometrics and Digitally Manipulated Paper Model Femalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of wing pattern diversity in the Lycaenidae: mate discrimination by two recently diverged species

Fordyce

Nice

Forister

et al. 2002

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

118

114

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Closely related species of lycaenid butterflies are determinable, in part, by subtle differences in wing pattern. We found that female wing patterns can act as an effective mate-recognition signal in some populations of two recently diverged species. In field experiments, we observed that males from a Lycaeides idas population and an alpine population of L. melissa preferentially initiate courtship with conspecific females. A morphometric study indicated that at least two wing pattern elements were important for distinguishing the two species: hindwing spots and orange crescent-shaped pattern elements called aurorae. We deceived male L. idas into initiating courtship with computer generated paper models of heterospecific females when these pattern elements were manipulated, indicating that the wing pattern elements that define the diversity of this group can be effective mate recognition signals.

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“…Although sometimes described as an amateur [2,3], Nabokov was a serious taxonomist who made important contributions to the systematics of the Polyommatus section and revised many of the New World taxa, particularly in the genus Lycaeides [4–7]. In his most significant paper, published in 1945 [8], Nabokov drastically rearranged the Neotropical taxa, describing seven new genera [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and palaeoecology of Polyommatus blue butterflies show Beringia was a climate-regulated gateway to the New World

et al. 2011

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Transcontinental dispersals by organisms usually represent improbable events that constitute a major challenge for biogeographers. By integrating molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and palaeoecology, we test a bold hypothesis proposed by Vladimir Nabokov regarding the origin of Neotropical Polyommatus blue butterflies, and show that Beringia has served as a biological corridor for the dispersal of these insects from Asia into the New World. We present a novel method to estimate ancestral temperature tolerances using distribution range limits of extant organisms, and find that climatic conditions in Beringia acted as a decisive filter in determining which taxa crossed into the New World during five separate invasions over the past 11 Myr. Our results reveal a marked effect of the Miocene–Pleistocene global cooling, and demonstrate that palaeoclimatic conditions left a strong signal on the ecology of present-day taxa in the New World. The phylogenetic conservatism in thermal tolerances that we have identified may permit the reconstruction of the palaeoecology of ancestral organisms, especially mobile taxa that can easily escape from hostile environments rather than adapt to them.

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The Nearctic Forms of Lycæides Hüb. (Lycænidæ,Lepidoptera)

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Lack of evidence for reproductive isolation among ecologically specialised lycaenid butterflies

Lack of evidence for reproductive isolation among ecologically specialised lycaenid butterflies

The significance of wing pattern diversity in the Lycaenidae: mate discrimination by two recently diverged species

Phylogeny and palaeoecology of Polyommatus blue butterflies show Beringia was a climate-regulated gateway to the New World

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