The Naval Health Research Center Respiratory Disease Laboratory

Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Gray, Gregory C.; Hawksworth, Anthony W.; Malasig, Marietta D.; Hudspeth, Marie K.; Poddar, Saibal K.

doi:10.1093/milmed/165.suppl_2.32

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, the HAdV-7vac sequence contains 48 proteins and two RNA coding sequences, displayed in Table 3, compared to its coun-VOL. 43,2005 GENOMES OF TWO ADENOVIRUS VACCINES 3085…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Naval Health Research Center (NHRC; San Diego, CA) (43). One mission of the NHRC is to monitor emerging and reemerging respiratory pathogens, into which the documentation of the epidemiology of HAdV during and after the period of vaccine cessation fits (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One mission of the NHRC is to monitor emerging and reemerging respiratory pathogens, into which the documentation of the epidemiology of HAdV during and after the period of vaccine cessation fits (21). Sampling was conducted at eight U.S. military crossservice training venues (43). The surveillance, analyses, and documentation showed large increases in HAdV morbidity, including several cases of mortality, clearly suggesting that vaccination was and is still the best method of preventing HAdV-associated ARD outbreaks.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genomic and Bioinformatics Analyses of HAdV-4vac and HAdV-7vac, Two Human Adenovirus (HAdV) Strains That Constituted Original Prophylaxis against HAdV-Related Acute Respiratory Disease, a Reemerging Epidemic Disease

Purkayastha

McGraw

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

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Vaccine strains of human adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7 (HAdV-4vac and HAdV-7vac) have been used successfully to prevent adenovirus-related acute respiratory disease outbreaks. The genomes of these two vaccine strains have been sequenced, annotated, and compared with their prototype equivalents with the goals of understanding their genomes for molecular diagnostics applications, vaccine redevelopment, and HAdV pathoepidemiology. These reference genomes are archived in GenBank as HAdV-4vac (35,994 bp; AY594254) and HAdV-7vac (35,240 bp; AY594256). Bioinformatics and comparative whole-genome analyses with their recently reported and archived prototype genomes reveal six mismatches and four insertions-deletions (indels) between the HAdV-4 prototype and vaccine strains, in contrast to the 611 mismatches and 130 indels between the HAdV-7 prototype and vaccine strains. Annotation reveals that the HAdV-4vac and HAdV-7vac genomes contain 51 and 50 coding units, respectively. Neither vaccine strain appears to be attenuated for virulence based on bioinformatics analyses. There is evidence of genome recombination, as the inverted terminal repeat of HAdV-4vac is initially identical to that of species C whereas the prototype is identical to species B1. These vaccine reference sequences yield unique genome signatures for molecular diagnostics. As a molecular forensics application, these references identify the circulating and problematic 1950s era field strains as the original HAdV-4 prototype and the Greider prototype, from which the vaccines are derived. Thus, they are useful for genomic comparisons to current epidemic and reemerging field strains, as well as leading to an understanding of pathoepidemiology among the human adenoviruses.

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“…In contrast, the HAdV-7vac sequence contains 48 proteins and two RNA coding sequences, displayed in Table 3, compared to its coun-VOL. 43,2005 GENOMES OF TWO ADENOVIRUS VACCINES 3085…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic and Bioinformatics Analyses of HAdV-4vac and HAdV-7vac, Two Human Adenovirus (HAdV) Strains That Constituted Original Prophylaxis against HAdV-Related Acute Respiratory Disease, a Reemerging Epidemic Disease

Purkayastha

McGraw

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Collected specimens were sent to the Navy Respiratory Disease Laboratory at NHRC on dry ice for viral culture on a periodic basis, not to exceed 1 month. This Laboratory is College of American Pathologists accredited with Clinical Laboratory Improvement Program certification [34]. Samples received were processed in two cell lines permissive to growth of adenovirus, influenza A, influenza B, parainfluenza viruses, enteroviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine-preventable adenoviral respiratory illness in US military recruits, 1999–2004☆

Russell

Hawksworth

Ryan

et al. 2006

Vaccine

127

109

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Background and Methods: The high burden of respiratory infections in military populations is well documented throughout history. The primary pathogen responsible for morbidity among US recruits in training was shown to be adenovirus. Highly efficacious oral vaccines were used for 25 years, but vaccine production ceased in 1996, and available stores were depleted by early 1999. Surveillance for acute febrile respiratory illness was performed at eight military recruit training sites throughout the United States from July 1999 through June 2004 to document rates after loss of the vaccines. Laboratory diagnoses complimented the surveillance efforts.

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“…An ongoing clinic-based surveillance for adenovirus FRI is conducted by our laboratory at this same training site [17,18]. This clinic-based surveillance requires that recruits present for health care for their data to be captured.…”

Section: Recruit and Support Personnel Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission Dynamics and Prospective Environmental Sampling of Adenovirus In a Military Recruit Setting

Russell¹,

Broderick²,

Franklin³

et al. 2005

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Background. High levels of morbidity caused by adenovirus among US military recruits have returned since the loss of adenovirus vaccines in 1999. The transmission dynamics of adenovirus have never been well understood, which complicates prevention efforts.Methods. Enrollment and end-of-study samples were obtained and active surveillance for febrile respiratory illnesses (FRIs) was performed for 341 recruits and support personnel. Environmental samples were collected simultaneously. Classic and advanced diagnostic techniques were used.Results. Seventy-nine percent (213/271) of new recruits were seronegative for either adenovirus serotype 4 (Ad-4) or adenovirus serotype 7 (Ad-7). FRI caused by Ad-4 was observed in 25% (67/271) of enrolled recruits, with 100% of them occurring in individuals with enrollment titers !1:4. The percentage of recruits seropositive for Ad-4 increased from 34% at enrollment to 97% by the end of the study. Adenovirus was most commonly detected in the environment on pillows, lockers, and rifles.Conclusions. Potential sources of adenovirus transmission among US military recruits included the presence of adenovirus on surfaces in living quarters and extended pharyngeal viral shedding over the course of several days. The introduction of new recruits, who were still shedding adenovirus, into new training groups was documented. Serological screening could identify susceptible recruits for the optimal use of available vaccines. New high-throughput technologies show promise in providing valuable data for clinical and research applications.

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The Naval Health Research Center Respiratory Disease Laboratory

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Genomic and Bioinformatics Analyses of HAdV-4vac and HAdV-7vac, Two Human Adenovirus (HAdV) Strains That Constituted Original Prophylaxis against HAdV-Related Acute Respiratory Disease, a Reemerging Epidemic Disease

Genomic and Bioinformatics Analyses of HAdV-4vac and HAdV-7vac, Two Human Adenovirus (HAdV) Strains That Constituted Original Prophylaxis against HAdV-Related Acute Respiratory Disease, a Reemerging Epidemic Disease

Vaccine-preventable adenoviral respiratory illness in US military recruits, 1999–2004☆

Transmission Dynamics and Prospective Environmental Sampling of Adenovirus In a Military Recruit Setting

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