The Nature of the Two Proteins of Brain Specific Antigen 14‐3‐2

Abstract

Abstract— The three isoenzymes of rat brain enolase (2‐phospho d‐glycerate hydrolase EC 4.2.1.11.) χχ, χγ and γγ were separated by ion‐exchange chromatography and were tested for reaction with an antiserum against brain specific antigen 14‐3‐2. This monospecific antiserum affects the enolase activity of only the χγ and γγ isoenzymes. Immunoelectrophoretic experiments show that the two proteins which react as 14‐3‐2 both contain γ enolase subunits, and one of these also contains χ enolase subunits. It is concluded that the 14‐3‐2 antigen and the γ enolase subunit are identical, and that the two proteins which react immunologically as 14‐3‐2 are the χγ and γγ enolase isoenzymes.

Highly Sensitive Immunoassays for Three Forms of Rat Brain Enolase

“…Since the discovery of the brain-specific form of enolase (2-phospho-~-glycerate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.11) isozyme (Rider and Taylor, 1975), reports accumulated have indicated that the most acidic form of enolase is identical to the previously reported nervous system-specific protein 14-3-2 (Bock and Dissing, 1975;Marangos et al, 1976;Bock et al, 1978). This enzyme, designated yy or neuron-specific enolase, has been shown immunohistochemically to localize in neurons (Pickel et al, 1976;Schmechel et al, 1978).…”

“…This enzyme, designated yy or neuron-specific enolase, has been shown immunohistochemically to localize in neurons (Pickel et al, 1976;Schmechel et al, 1978). The least acidic form (aa or non-neuronal enolase), which is apparently identical to enolase in liver Bock et al, 1978), was found only in glial cells (Schmechel et al, 1978).…”

Human γγ‐Enolase: Two‐Site Immunoradiometric Assay with a Single Monoclonal Antibody

“…Their characteristic distributions in tissues and cells have been identified The am-enolase is in liver and glial cells, the 88and a@-enolases in skeletal muscle and heart, and the yr-enolase mainly in neurons and cells of the diffise neuroendocrine system Schmechel et al, 1978;Tapia et al, 1981). The ryenolase is related to 14-3-2 protein (Bock and Dissing, 1975;Bock et al, 1978). Its value in indicating the origin of a tumor and its measurement in serum and CSF as a pathological index have been stressed in several clinical conditions (Ishi- guro et al, 1983;Royds et al, 1983;Steinberg et al, 1984;Vinores et al, 1984).…”

Phylogenetic Distribution of Neuron‐Specific Enolase

“…In contrast, rat NNE has a molecular weight of 87,000 and an isoelectric point of 6.0 . Recent studies from several laboratories have established that the brain-specific protein 14-3-2 (Moore and McGregor, 1965; Moore, 1973) is in fact NSE (Bock and Dissing, 1975; Marangos and Zomzely-Neurath, 1976: Marangos et al, 1977: Bock et al, 1978).…”