The Nature of the Growth‐Promoting Action of Coumarin

Neumann, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1960.tb08035.x

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Several studies have focused on the inhibitory effect of coumarin (COU; 2H-chromen-2-one), the simplest member of coumarins, on germination and root growth (Wolf 1974;Kupidlowska and others 1994;Abenavoli and others 2006). However, other investigations reported the growth stimulating activity of COU (Neumann 1960;Lupini and others 2010;Al-Wakeel and others 2013). In addition, the auxin-like behavior of COU and/or its interference with auxin signaling pathways has been suggested (Neumann 1959;Letham 1978;Abenavoli and others 2001;Tartoura and others 2004;Lupini and others 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Effect of Coumarin Application on Early Growth and Some Physiological Parameters in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Saleh

Madany

González

2014

J Plant Growth Regul

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Many coumarins have been identified from natural sources, especially green plants. These compounds affect many plant activities and can also control growth processes. The effect of coumarin (COU) on germination, early growth, nutrient mobilization, and some physiological parameters of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) was researched. Seeds of faba bean were primed with different concentrations of COU (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mM) to elucidate the effect on germination and nutrient mobilization. Accordingly, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of 1.0 mM COU, as a seed priming treatment alone or in combination with foliar application, on the growth parameters, some biochemical constituents from primary and secondary metabolism and phytohormones of faba bean. The impact of COU was more pronounced on growth than germination, and was dependent on concentration and the mode of application. Both COU treatments significantly improved the level of primary and secondary metabolites as well as phytohormones. These data suggest that COU can affect the growth and physiology of faba bean either directly, as an active growth substance, or indirectly by its interaction with the metabolism of phytohormones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Effect of Coumarin Application on Early Growth and Some Physiological Parameters in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Saleh

Madany

González

2014

J Plant Growth Regul

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“…Growth promotion by coumarin was first noted by its synergistic action with IAA in Avena coleoptile sections (30). Subsequently, coumarin alone was shown to stimulate growth of stem and coleoptile sections (26,27), and, to a lesser degree, roots (Reference 11 and reviews in References 11,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This proposal would include growth inhibition by supraoptimal concentrations of coumarin (11,30) as well as release of apical dominance (8 (27). Further, coumarin-induced growth is more sensitive to the inhibitory action of diazouracil and thiouracil while IAA-induced growth is more sensitive to inhibition by actinomycin, puromycin, and chloramphenicol (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Ethylene in Responses of Etiolated Bean Hypocotyl Hook to Coumarin

Morgan

Powell

1970

Plant Physiol.

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Coumarin, at concentrations between 1.0 and 0.1 mM, inhibited red light-induced opening of the etiolated bean hypocotyl hook. In addition, anthocyanin synthesis and geotropic bending were inhibited. Coumarin stimulated ethylene synthesis, and ethylene was shown to mediate the inhibitory actions of coumarin. This conclusion was supported by: (a) the parallel concentration dependence and time sequence of hook closing and ethylene synthesis, (b) the restriction of the bulk of coumarin-induced ethylene production to the curved portion of the hook where opening is expressed, (c) the ability of both coumarin and ethylene to reclose partially opened hooks, and (d) the In the course of a study of bean and cotton seedling development (28), we observed that coumarin is a striking inhibitor of hypocotyl hook opening. Auxin is known to have a similar inhibitory effect on hook opening (17), a property which it shares with ethylene (12, 15). Further, endogenous ethylene has been shown to regulate the hook opening process (12,13,15).An explanation of the growth-inhibiting effect of exogenous auxin has developed from the demonstration that auxins stimulate synthesis of ethylene (23, 24 cotyl, some of which appear to be mediated by ethylene produced in response to the inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe culture of etiolated bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Black Valentine) seedlings and handling of excised hypocotyl parts were described in detail previously (28) and will only be reviewed briefly. Seeds were germinated in the dark, and after 5 days hypocotyl parts were excised under a green safe light. Hooks were excised and placed at random into Petri dishes or Erlenmeyer flasks containing two pieces of Whatman No. 3 filter paper and 10 ml of liquid. In specific experiments the crooked portion of the hook was excised at a point opposite the apical end of the hook to yield a straight section of hypocotyl 20 mm in length. Ten hooks or hypocotyl sections were used per flask or dish representing one replication.Coumarin was supplied in aqueous solutions, and controls received distilled water. Coumarin (K&K Laboratories, Inc., lot 39220L) was purified by recrystallizing it twice from an aqueous ethanol solution. The recrystallized material had a sharp melting point at 69 to 70 C and was used in all experiments subsequent to the initial test (Fig. 1). Exposure to red light (28) or darkness occurred after the tissue pieces were in the various solutions. The number of replications, concentrations of coumarin and duration of red light exposure, where applicable, are given in the various legends.Hook angles were measured 22 to 24 hr after excision as previously described (17,28). Fresh weights were obtained after other determinations. In some tests anthocyanin pigments were extracted with 3 volumes of 0.1 N HCI. The extract was brought to 12 ml/g fresh weight with 0.1 N HCI, and the relative pigment content was measured at 520 nm with a Beckman DB spectrophotometer.When ethylene was to be measured, tissues were placed in 500-ml ...

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“…Coumarin (II) and its derivatives often occur in the plant kingdom; its various biological activities were reviewed by Mayer and Poljakoff-Mayber (27), and its functions as an inhibitor of germination and root growth have been established (20,21,27,28). Coumarin was reported to inhibit the growth of sunflower (18,19) and cucumber hypocotyl sections (22), but Neumann (31) claims that it enhances the growth of excised sections of sunflower hypocotyl.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Seselin and Coumarin on Growth, Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase, and Peroxidase, with Special Reference to Cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.) Radicles

Gören

Tomer

1971

Plant Physiol.

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Seselin, a natural coumarin derivative isolated from citrus roots, inhibited radicle growth in seedlings of cucumber (Cucumis sativa), lettuce (Lactuca sativum), radish (Raphanus sativus), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in the dark. Coumarin similarly inhibited radicle growth of cucumber seedlings. Growth retardation of the cucumber radicles was accompanied by an increased activity of peroxidase and indole-3-acetic acid oxidase. Both compounds antagonized indole-3-acetic acid-induced growth of wheat coleoptiles, whereas coumarin was much less effective than seselin in antagonizing gibberellic acid-induced release of reducing sugars from barley endosperm. It is suggested that seselin plays an important role in the regulation of root growth, and that it is the indole-3-acetic acid oxidase cofactor previously detected in citrus roots.Seselin (I), a pyrano coumarin derivative, was recently isolated from citrus roots (38) and identified in other plants of Rutaceae (5). Coumarin (II) and its derivatives often occur in the plant kingdom; its various biological activities were reviewed by Mayer and Poljakoff-Mayber (27), and its functions as an inhibitor of germination and root growth have been established (20,21,27,28). Coumarin was reported to inhibit the growth of sunflower (18,19) and cucumber hypocotyl sections (22), but Neumann (31) claims that it enhances the growth of excised sections of sunflower hypocotyl.The growth-retarding characteristic of coumarin moved several authors to investigate its effect on IAA-oxidase activity in the retarded tissues, which showed either an increase (13,22) methoxy-7-hydroxy coumarin), a coumarin derivative, inhibited the activity of IAA-oxidase in tobacco (36), and both scopoletin and scopilin (7-glucoside of scopoletin) inhibited the initial IAA oxidation by horseradish peroxidase (35).An unidentified, dialyzable, probably phenolic, cofactor of IAA-oxidase was previously detected in citrus roots (7), and the recent identification of seselin (38) suggested that this compound might be the unidentified cofactor mentioned above. In the following, we present some physiological characteristics of seselin indicating that this compound might be functional in regulating root growth. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe desired concentrations of seselin and coumarin were dissolved in 2 ml of ether, and then applied to two layers of Whatman No. 3 filter paper discs in 9-cm Petri dishes, and evaporated to dryness. Neither seselin nor coumarin were applied to control samples, which were treated with 2 ml of ether only. Three milliliters of glass-distilled water were then added to wet the filter papers on which samples of 10 seeds were allowed to germinate in the dark at 25 C. The plant species involved were local cultivars of cucumber (Cucumis sativa L. cv. Bet. Alpha), lettuce (Lactuca sativum L. cv. Bon Gardinier), radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Red radish), wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Mexican 852), citrus (Citrus aurantium L. cv. sour orange), and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L....

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The Nature of the Growth‐Promoting Action of Coumarin

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

The Effect of Coumarin Application on Early Growth and Some Physiological Parameters in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

The Effect of Coumarin Application on Early Growth and Some Physiological Parameters in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Involvement of Ethylene in Responses of Etiolated Bean Hypocotyl Hook to Coumarin

Effects of Seselin and Coumarin on Growth, Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase, and Peroxidase, with Special Reference to Cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.) Radicles

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