The nature of fish communities: A factor influencing the fishery potential and yields of tropical lakes and reservoirs

Fernando, C. H.; Holčík, Juraj

doi:10.1007/bf00011966

Cited by 82 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…With the exception of East Africa the tropics have few natural lakes with lacustrine fish species (Fernando & Holèik, 1982) and the fish fauna of Amazonian reservoirs is mainly of riverine origin. In Brokopondo Reservoir, much like other Neotropical reservoirs (Araujo-Lima et al, 1995;Agostinho et al, 1999), the fish community of shore habitat had more species, higher species diversity and higher evenness than the open water community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be explained by (1) the greater structural complexity of shore habitat (woody debris, dead bushes, submerged macrophytes) compared to open water habitat and (2) the fact that most riverine fishes have experienced littoral-like conditions in their pre-impoundment habitat (e.g. floodplains) and thus tend to stay near the shore when colonizing reservoirs whereas only few species are preadapted to exploit the open water habitat (Fernando & Holèik, 1982). Cichlids, which are known to thrive in tropical lakes and reservoirs (Fernando & Holèik, 1982), were also dominant in the littoral of Brokopondo Reservoir.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…floodplains) and thus tend to stay near the shore when colonizing reservoirs whereas only few species are preadapted to exploit the open water habitat (Fernando & Holèik, 1982). Cichlids, which are known to thrive in tropical lakes and reservoirs (Fernando & Holèik, 1982), were also dominant in the littoral of Brokopondo Reservoir.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The fish fauna of Brokopondo Reservoir, Suriname, during 40 years of impoundment

et al. 2007

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We investigated long-term changes in the fish fauna of Brokopondo Reservoir, Suriname, the first large reservoir (1560 km 2 ) that was created in tropical rainforest. Before closure of the dam in 1964, the fish fauna of Suriname River had 172 species, high diversity and high evenness. The riverine fauna was dominated by small-sized species, but no single species was dominant in numbers. Large catfishes were dominant in biomass. Species were evenly distributed over riverine habitats: rapids, tributaries and main channel. Four years after closure of the dam, only 62 fish species were collected from Brokopondo Reservoir, but the composition of the fish fauna was still changing. The reservoir fauna in 1978 was very similar to the reservoir fauna in 2005, indicating that a stable equilibrium had been reached 14 years after closure of the dam. The reservoir fauna had 41 species, low diversity and low evenness. Most species of Suriname River and its tributaries with strict habitat requirements did not survive in Brokopondo Reservoir. Fish community structure was different among four habitats of Brokopondo Reservoir. The openwater habitat (10 species) was dominated by the piscivores Serrasalmus rhombeus, Acestrorhynchus microlepis and Cichla ocellaris and their prey Bryconops melanurus and two Hemiodus species. B. melanurus fed on zooplankton, Culicinae pupae and terrestrial invertebrates. Hemiodus fed on fine flocculent detritus, demonstrating that the detritus-based food chain was still important in late stages of reservoir development. Serrasalmus rhombeus also fed on peccaries that drowned when swimming across the large reservoir in rough weather. The shore community (27 species) was dominated by seven cichlids, but early stages and juveniles of the open-water species S. rhombeus and B. melanurus also occurred in the shore habitat. Fish biomass in the shore habitat was 66.5±59.9 kg ha -1 . The cichlid Geophagus surinamensis and the characid B. melanurus had a lower biomass in Brokopondo Reservoir than in Suriname River. Serrasalmus rhombeus showed reduced body length in Brokopondo Reservoir as compared to riverine populations.Foram pesquisadas as modificações a longo prazo na ictiofauna do reservatório de Brokopondo, o primeiro de grande porte (1560 km 2 ) construído em floresta tropical úmida. Antes do fechamento da barragem em 1964, a ictiofauna do rio Suriname possuía 172 espécies, com diversidade e equitabilidade altas. A fauna do rio era dominada por espécies de pequeno porte, mas nenhuma delas dominava em número de indivíduos. Em termos de biomassa, os grandes bagres eram dominantes. As espécies estavam homogeneamente distribuídas nos diferentes hábitats: corredeiras, afluentes e canal principal. Quatro anos depois do fechamento da barragem, somente 62 espécies de peixes foram coletadas no reservatório de Brokopondo, mas a composição da ictiofauna ainda estava mudando. Em 1978, a ictiofauna do reservatório era semelhante à de 2005, indicando que um equilíbrio estável foi atingindo 14 anos depois do fechamento ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The fish fauna of Brokopondo Reservoir, Suriname, during 40 years of impoundment

et al. 2007

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“…Therefore, the occurrence of environmental impacts is inherent with any impoundment, a process fundamentally linked to the control of river flow. Though describing a single hydrological attribute, water flow represents the main force behind freshwater ecosystems, and it is responsible for their geological/hydrological structure, productive dynamics (matter and energy), nutrient cycling and the distribution and evolution of the biota (Poff et al, 1997). As a consequence, the loss of natural flow regimes has far-reaching impacts, including alterations in pristine hydrological dynamics, historical patterns of biological production, distribution of biodiversity in space and time, and changes in functions and services provided by aquatic ecosystems (Nilsson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Impacts Caused By Damsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dams and the fish fauna of the Neotropical region: impacts and management related to diversity and fisheries

2008

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Reservoirs have been built in almost all of the hydrographic basins of Brazil. Their purposes include water supply for cities, irrigation and mainly, generation of electricity. There are more than 700 large dams and associated reservoirs in the large rivers of the country. These reservoirs favor local and regional economic development, but they also bring serious and irreversible alterations in the natural hydrologic regime of rivers, affecting habitat quality and the dynamics of the biota. In the impounded area, the main impact is the change from lotic to lentic water, which influences aquatic fauna, including fishes. Impacts of reservoirs present relevant spatiotemporal variations. Immediately after reservoir formation, fish species richness usually increases due to incorporation of surrounding habitats, but richness decreases as reservoirs age. However, impacts downstream of dams appear to be similar or stronger than those that occur within the reservoir. Dams promote discharge control, altering the seasonal cycles of floods. These effects are augmented when dams are constructed in cascades. Therefore, dams profoundly influence composition and structure of fish assemblages. Most affected species are the rheophilics and long distance migratory that require distinct habitats to fulfill their life cycles. Populations of migratory species may collapse or even disappear in intensely regulated stretches. Management actions taken to minimize impacts of dams in Brazil historically considered construction of fish passages, fishery control and stocking. The results of these actions are questionable and/or with clear failures. In this paper, we give emphasis to the Paraná River basin, the most affected by dams in Brazil. We describe some patterns in the alteration and decline in fish diversity in areas influenced by dams. We also discuss negative consequences in the fishery and ecosystems functioning. Finally, we argue the relevance and the success of the management actions taken and present some suggestions to improve conservation of the ichthyofauna in South American basins influenced by dams.Keywords: fish diversity, dam impacts, fish management, fish conservation, Paraná River. Represamentos e a fauna de peixes neotropicais: impactos e manejo relacionados à diversidade e à pesca ResumoNo Brasil, reservatórios foram construídos nas principais bacias hidrográficas, para fins de abastecimento humano, irrigação e, principalmente, geração de energia elétrica. Como resultado, praticamente todos os grandes rios estão hoje sob influência de barragens, sendo que mais de 700 grandes reservatórios encontram-se espalhados pelos rios do País. Apesar de importantes para o desenvolvimento econômico, os barramentos promovem alterações graves e irreversí-veis no regime hidrológico natural dos rios, alterando também a qualidade dos hábitats e a dinâmica de toda a biota. Na região do reservatório, o principal impacto é decorrente da alteração de ambiente lótico para lêntico, que influencia sobremaneira a fauna aquática, inclus...

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“…The absence of pelagic species in fluvial systems has been considered a determining factor of low species richness and abundance observed in open areas of reservoirs in South America. Thus, fish species in neotropical reservoirs are concentrated mainly in littoral areas and near the mouth of tributaries (Agostinho et al, 1999 andFernando andHolcík, 1982;Gomes and Miranda, 2001). This study showed that, among others factors, water dynamics in reservoirs had a major role selecting which fish species will occupy these environments, imposed basically by ecomorphological constraints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological patterns of fish and their relationships with reservoirs hydrodynamics

Cunico

Agostinho

2006

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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The nature of fish communities: A factor influencing the fishery potential and yields of tropical lakes and reservoirs

Cited by 82 publications

References 43 publications

The fish fauna of Brokopondo Reservoir, Suriname, during 40 years of impoundment

The fish fauna of Brokopondo Reservoir, Suriname, during 40 years of impoundment

Dams and the fish fauna of the Neotropical region: impacts and management related to diversity and fisheries

Morphological patterns of fish and their relationships with reservoirs hydrodynamics

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