The nature of adsorbed oxygen on rhodium, palladium and gold electrodes

Rand, D.A.J.; Woods, R.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(71)80039-6

Cited by 295 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The electrochemical surface areas of all the Pd/C samples were determined from PdO reduction peak from cyclic voltammograms (CVs) based on a charge density of 424 μC/cm 2 Pd . 23,24 Activity measurements for hydrogen oxidation and evolution reactions (HOR/HER) on Pd catalysts were carried out in H 2 -saturated 0.1 M KOH or 0.1 M HClO 4 at a scanning rate of 50 mV/s and a rotating speed of 1600 rpm by cycling the potential several times until a stable polarization curve was obtained. The scanning rate was then switched to 1 mV/ to minimize the contribution of capacitance current, and the positive scan of the first cycle at 1 mV/s was reported as the HOR/HER polarization curve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-Dependent Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Activities on Supported Palladium Nanoparticles in Acid and Base

Zheng

Zhou

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

108

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The study of particle size effect provides the fundamental understanding of the active sites that is necessary for guiding the design and development of better catalysts. Here we report a systematic investigation of particle size effect of hydrogen oxidation and evolution reaction (HOR/HER) on carbon supported Pd nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 3 to 42 nm in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes using rotating disk electrode (RDE) method. Similar particle size effect was obtained in both acid and base: the HOR/HER activity in terms of specific exchange current density increases as Pd particle size increases from 3 to 19 nm, and then reaches a plateau with activity similar to that of bulk Pd. The enhanced activity with rising particle size could be attributed to the increased ratio of the sites with weaker hydrogen binding energy revealed in cyclic voltammograms (CVs). Pd catalysts with different Pd particle sizes all showed much higher HOR/HER activity in acid than in base, which is largely attributed to their smaller hydrogen binding energy in acid evidenced by the lower potential of the underpotential deposited hydrogen (Hupd) peak in CVs as well as the smaller activation energy in acid.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-Dependent Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Activities on Supported Palladium Nanoparticles in Acid and Base

Zheng

Zhou

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

108

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“…by keeping the upper potential limit below 1150 mV, which is the stability anodic limit of`100'-Au) were characteristic of a`100'-Au surface [1]. We measured the real area of the polished pc-Au surface using Wood's method [10] (surface roughness = 1.4), but the relationship between this area and the real area of the ®nal`100'-Au surface is uncertain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroreduction of oxygen on a (100)-like polycrystalline gold surface in an alkaline solution containing Pb(II)

Paliteiro

Martins

1998

Electrochimica Acta

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In a previous work from this laboratory, it was shown that it is possible to electrochemically modify a polycrystalline surface of gold so that it behaves towards O 2 reduction like the (100) gold plane. To check whether this similarity in behavior is due to the presence on the (100)-like surface of suciently large (100) spots, the process of the upd of Pb(II) was used in this work as a probe of the surface crystallographic orientations both in deaerated and in O 2 À saturated solutions. The observed cyclic voltammograms (CV) and polarization curves were entirely dierent from those reported in the literature for a typical polycrystalline gold surface. The CV data were analyzed in an attempt to gain insight on the crystallography of the (100)-like surface. The in¯uence of adsorbed lead on the electroreduction of oxygen in 1 M NaOH on the (100)-like surface was also scrutinised. It was found that the reduction is dierently aected by adsorbed Pb(II) ions and by underpotential deposited Pb adatoms. Adsorbed Pb(II) do not change the reduction mechanism, it only alters the rate constant for HO 2 À disproportionation, whereas the surface becomes able to reduce O 2 to OH À without desorption of HO 2 À to the solution bulk when modi®ed by Pb adatoms. The details of the electroreduction of O 2 and of HO 2 À are thoroughly discussed in relation to the surface processes underneath. Together with the CV data, they show that there are no signi®cant (100) spots on the (100)-like surface and that this surface is structurally dierent from the gold (100) plane. #

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“…The behaviour of gold in sulphuric acid is somewhat different, the oxidation starting at slightly lower anodic potentials. Here, five reduction peaks have been observed but, as pointed out by Arvia's group (17) and others (18,19), caution should be exercised in the assignment of all these peaks to surface oxides, because trace impurities could be at least partially responsible for them. The mechanism proposed by Arvia's group (17) to explain these effects involves the initial formation of an adsorbed AuOH species that is susceptible either to further oxidation to a higher `oxide' or to chemical disproportionation to a more stable surface oxide with a stoichiometry comparable to that of Au 1 O 3 .…”

Section: Early Workmentioning

confidence: 68%

The anodic behaviour of gold

Nicol

1980

Gold Bull

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The nature of adsorbed oxygen on rhodium, palladium and gold electrodes

Cited by 295 publications

References 25 publications

Size-Dependent Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Activities on Supported Palladium Nanoparticles in Acid and Base

Size-Dependent Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Activities on Supported Palladium Nanoparticles in Acid and Base

Electroreduction of oxygen on a (100)-like polycrystalline gold surface in an alkaline solution containing Pb(II)

The anodic behaviour of gold

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