The Nature and Time Relations of the Compression Sounds of Korotkov in Man

Korns, Horace Marshall

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1926.76.2.247

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In the early to mid-twentieth century Korns 36 and Groedel and Miller 37 published rare high speed time-domain tracings of Korotkoff sounds from normal human adults that clearly show transient damped sinusoidal waves. These actual sounds can be compared to modeled sounds as a point of validation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This detailed simulation study showed that flow pulses can contain sub-audible sonic information under realistic conditons. However, the sound is near 10 Hz, below the typical human threshold for hearing, and not near 70 Hz as demonstrated in vivo by high speed recordings 36,37 . This study may well have correctly rendered the low frequency and largely inaudible components of arterial sounds, but may it have missed the source of the higher frequency, sharper sounds that are used clinically to measure blood pressure by the ausculatatory method.…”

Section: Alternative Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The origin of Korotkoff sounds and the accuracy of auscultatory blood pressure measurements

Babbs

2015

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension

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This study explores the hypothesis that the sharper, high frequency Korotkoff sounds come from resonant motion of the arterial wall, which begins after the artery transitions from a buckled state to an expanding state. The motion of one mass, two nonlinear springs, and one damper, driven by transmural pressure under the cuff, are used to model and compute the Korotkoff sounds according to principles of classical Newtonian physics. The natural resonance of this springmass-damper system provides a concise, yet rigorous, explanation for the origin of Korotkoff sounds. Fundamentally, wall stretching in expansion requires more force than wall bending in buckling. At cuff pressures between systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, audible vibrations (> 40 Hz) occur during early expansion of the artery wall beyond its zero pressure radius after the outward moving mass of tissue experiences sudden deceleration, caused by the discontinuity in stiffness between bucked and expanded states. The idealized spring-mass-damper model faithfully reproduces the time domain waveforms of actual Korotkoff sounds in humans. Appearance of arterial sounds occurs at or just above the level of systolic pressure. Disappearance of arterial sounds occurs at or just above the level of diastolic pressure. Muffling of the sounds is explained by increased resistance of the artery to collapse, caused by downstream venous engorgement. A simple analytical model can define the physical origin of Korotkoff sounds, suggesting improved mechanical or electronic filters for their selective detection, and confirming the disappearance of the Korotkoff sounds as the optimal diastolic endpoint.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alternative Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 94%

The origin of Korotkoff sounds and the accuracy of auscultatory blood pressure measurements

Babbs

2015

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension

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“…Em 1926 Korns demonstrou que a freqüência dos sons de Korotkoff era influenciada pelo tamanho do manguito 16 . Essa descoberta foi corroborada em estudos realizados na década de 80 no Brasil , quando verificamos que a pressão de pulso registrada pelo manguito de largura correta para o braço era próxima à 40mmHg, versus cerca de 36mmHg nos registros com o manguito de largura padrão 17 O avanço no conhecimento na área da esfigmomanometria na década de 30 foi talvez o mais expressivo após as descobertas do início do século.…”

Section: A Esfigmomanometria Moderna Do Século Xx: Estudos Pós Korotk...unclassified

Desde Riva Rocci, Recklinghausen e Korotkoff até a atualidade: o desafio da mensuração precisa da pressão arterial

Arcuri

2005

Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing

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“…Using contemporary equipment and methods of data analysis, we have explored the feasibility of exploiting the temporal relationship between p-pulses and K-sounds, noted first by Korns [21], as a means of distinguishing between K-sounds and extraneous noise signals, and of recording the contours of arterial and volume pulses. Our study has revealed that both these aims can be realized without much difficulty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive method for determining blood pressure and contours of arterial and volume pulses

Naqvi¹,

Parigi²,

Vellani³

et al. 2008

JBiSE

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A noninvasive method for monitoring blood pressure, based on the principles established by Riva-Rocci and Korotkoff (K), is described; it furnishes, after a single compression-deflation cycle of the arm-encircling cuff, values of systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as the contours of the brachial arterial pulse and the corresponding volume pulse. K-sounds are detected by a single microphone situated in the cubital fossa, and the time-varying cuff pressure P(t) is read by a piezoresistive pressure sensor. The behavior of P(t) during deflation is resolved into two parts, P(t)=p(t)+b(t); p is a train of positive going pulses (arising from arterial pulsations), whereas b is a slowly changing baseline. Noise pulses in the microphone output are rejected by using the observation that the first few K-sounds are emitted when p is close to a maximum, and the last few when dp/dt is close to a maximum. The performance of the instrument is illustrated by showing how it copes with ambient noise and involuntary manual perturbations of P, and by presenting contours of various pulses.

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The Nature and Time Relations of the Compression Sounds of Korotkov in Man

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

The origin of Korotkoff sounds and the accuracy of auscultatory blood pressure measurements

The origin of Korotkoff sounds and the accuracy of auscultatory blood pressure measurements

Desde Riva Rocci, Recklinghausen e Korotkoff até a atualidade: o desafio da mensuração precisa da pressão arterial

Noninvasive method for determining blood pressure and contours of arterial and volume pulses

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