The Nature and Nurture of HEXACO Personality Trait Differences

Kandler, Christian; Richter, Júlia; Zapko–Willmes, Alexandra

doi:10.1027/2151-2604/a000378

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Effects due to shared social background accounted for 16% of the variance in Honesty-Humility, while 10% of the variance was due to spouse-specific interaction. In line with previous studies, however, we found that the transmission of trait similarity from one generation to the next was exclusively genetic with the exception of small variance components due to passive gene-environment correlation (about 2%) for Openness and Extraversion (see Kandler et al, 2019, for more details).…”

Section: Nature and Nurture Of Hexaco Personality Traitssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Study of Personality Architecture and Dynamics (SPeADy): A Longitudinal and Extended Twin Family Study

et al. 2019

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The Study of Personality Architecture and Dynamics (SPeADy) is a German research project that aims to investigate the sources of interindividual differences in intraindividual personality development. The main focus lies in the dynamic interplay between more stable core characteristics and more environmentally malleable surface characteristics, as well as between personality and life experiences over time. SPeADy includes a twin family study encompassing data from 1962 individuals (age: 14–94) of 682 families, including 570 complete twin pairs (plus 1 triplet set), 327 parents, 236 spouses and 145 children of twins. Data collection started in 2016 and data from the first wave are currently obtainable as open source. Available data comprise a broad range of personality variables, such as personality trait constructs, motives, interests, values, moral foundations, religiosity and self-related concepts. For the currently ongoing second wave of data collection, we added retrospective reports on major life events. Special features of this genetically informative study are the extended twin family data and its longitudinal design. Three assessment waves in 2 years’ intervals are planned until 2022. In this article, we briefly describe the design and contents of the SPeADy twin family study as well as some recent findings, future plans and open science issues.

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Section: Nature and Nurture Of Hexaco Personality Traitssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Study of Personality Architecture and Dynamics (SPeADy): A Longitudinal and Extended Twin Family Study

et al. 2019

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“…There was no evidence of an environmental association between parental traits, including anxiety 111 , sociability 110 , and smoking during pregnancy 71 , and offspring personality traits such as sociability and temperament. In addition, an extended twin study found no evidence of environmental transmission or rGE underlying associations between parent and offspring dimensional personality traits 112 . However, two studies observed evocative effects of offspring social behaviours on parenting; adopted offspring’s genetically influenced social behaviours predicted adoptive parent hostility 61 and child-centred parenting 111 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Parental characteristics and offspring mental health and related outcomes: a systematic review of genetically informative literature

et al. 2021

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Various parental characteristics, including psychiatric disorders and parenting behaviours, are associated with offspring mental health and related outcomes in observational studies. The application of genetically informative designs is crucial to disentangle the role of genetic and environmental factors (as well as gene–environment correlation) underlying these observations, as parents provide not only the rearing environment but also transmit 50% of their genes to their offspring. This article first provides an overview of behavioural genetics, matched-pair, and molecular genetics designs that can be applied to investigate parent–offspring associations, whilst modelling or accounting for genetic effects. We then present a systematic literature review of genetically informative studies investigating associations between parental characteristics and offspring mental health and related outcomes, published since 2014. The reviewed studies provide reliable evidence of genetic transmission of depression, criminal behaviour, educational attainment, and substance use. These results highlight that studies that do not use genetically informative designs are likely to misinterpret the mechanisms underlying these parent–offspring associations. After accounting for genetic effects, several parental characteristics, including parental psychiatric traits and parenting behaviours, were associated with offspring internalising problems, externalising problems, educational attainment, substance use, and personality through environmental pathways. Overall, genetically informative designs to study intergenerational transmission prove valuable for the understanding of individual differences in offspring mental health and related outcomes, and mechanisms of transmission within families.

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“…So whatever personality phenomenon you're studying (see Baumert et al, , for some suggestions), make sure you're measuring all six factors. To take one example, if you'd like to study genetic and environmental influences on personality variation, use the HEXACO factors, as some researchers have recently been doing (Kandler, Lewis, Butković, Vukasović Hlupić, & Bratko, ; Kandler, Richter, & Zapko‐Willmes, ; Lewis & Bates, ). Or if you're interested in ‘network approaches’ to personality, you should start with the HEXACO factors, as has recently been performed by Costantini et al ().…”

Section: Summary Of Objections To Adoption Of Hexaco Model and Responmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objections to the HEXACO Model of Personality Structure—and why those Objections Fail

2020

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The six‐dimensional HEXACO model of personality structure and its associated inventory have increasingly been used in personality research. But in spite of the evidence supporting this structure and demonstrating its advantages over five‐dimensional models, some researchers continue to use and promote the latter. Although there has been little overt, organized argument against the adoption of the HEXACO model, we do hear sporadic offerings of reasons for retaining the five‐dimensional systems, usually in informal conversations, in manuscript reviews, on social media platforms, and occasionally in published works. In this target article, we list all of the objections to the HEXACO model that we have heard of, and we then explain why each objection fails. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

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The Nature and Nurture of HEXACO Personality Trait Differences

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

The Study of Personality Architecture and Dynamics (SPeADy): A Longitudinal and Extended Twin Family Study

The Study of Personality Architecture and Dynamics (SPeADy): A Longitudinal and Extended Twin Family Study

Parental characteristics and offspring mental health and related outcomes: a systematic review of genetically informative literature

Objections to the HEXACO Model of Personality Structure—and why those Objections Fail

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