The nature and influence of the victim-offender relationship in kidnapping incidents

Tillyer, Marie Skubak; Tillyer, Rob; Kelsay, James D.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2015.07.002

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…These findings suggest that SHOs do not specialize in sexual crimes and are generally involved in other crimes, especially those involving violence (i.e., non-sexual violent crimes). This is consonant with criminal career research generally that reveals some evidence of specialization (Armstrong & Britt, 2004; DeLisi et al, 2011; Deslauriers-Varin & Beauregard, 2014 ; Jennings, Zgoba, Donner, Henderson, & Tewksbury, 2014; Reid, Beauregard, Fedina, & Frith, 2014; Tillyer, Tillyer, & Kelsay, 2015) couched within a broader behavioral pattern of versatile antisocial behaviors (Britt, 1994; DeLisi, 2001, 2014; DeLisi & Piquero, 2011; DeLisi & Scherer, 2006; Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990; Kaseweter, Woodworth, Logan, & Freimuth, 2016). Even among sexual offenders, there is evidence for both specialized and versatile offending (Blokland & Lussier, 2015; Cale, Lussier, McCuish, & Corrado, 2015; Harris, Smallbone, Dennison, & Knight, 2009; Soothill, Francis, Sanderson, & Ackerley, 2000).…”

Section: Criminal Careers Of Shossupporting

confidence: 66%

Sexual Murderers: Sex Offender, Murderer, or Both?

2017

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Sexual murderers perpetrate homicide and rape/sexual abuse, but it is unclear whether they should primarily be considered homicide offenders, sexual offenders, or both. Most studies have merged together different types of non-homicidal sex offenders (NHSOs), neglecting to consider the potential differences between the nonviolent and violent sex offenders. Here, we suggest it is important to isolate those violent sex offenders who inflict severe physical injuries that could potentially lead to a lethal outcome. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to compare different measures of the criminal career on three groups of sex offenders: NHSOs, violent NHSOs, and sexual homicide offenders (SHOs) using data from 616 incarcerated male sex offenders in a Federal penitentiary in Canada. Interestingly, the group of sex offenders with the worst criminal career profile was not the SHOs, but the violent NHSOs. Violent NHSOs had the greatest number of prior convictions and the most varied and versatile criminal career. Therefore, we suggest that based on their criminal career, SHOs should be considered more as murderers than sex offenders. However, to fully answer this question, future studies should include a group of non-sexual homicide offenders.

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Section: Criminal Careers Of Shossupporting

confidence: 66%

Sexual Murderers: Sex Offender, Murderer, or Both?

2017

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“…Therefore, sexual motive is assumed when there is an absence of evidence to the contrary. This perspective was recently affirmed by Tillyer et al (2015).…”

Section: Stranger Child Abductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Coverage of behavioural information tends to be broad and descriptive (see Noor-Mohamed, 2013;Shutt, Miller, Schreck, & Brown, 2004). Only very recent studies have examined these offenders and their behaviours in greater detail (e.g., Tillyer, Tillyer, & Kelsay, 2015), but such studies have not used the opportunity to consider the implications of these details for offender modus operandi (MO). Further to this, one of the few papers suggesting models by which to group the MO of SCA offenders, by Tedisco and Paludi (1996) can be criticised for basing their conclusions on general observations of cases rather than structured study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining modus operandi in stranger child abduction: A comparison of attempted and completed cases

Collie

Greene

2019

Journal Invest Psychology

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Existing inquiries purporting to study and describe offender behaviour in stranger child abduction (SCA) have utilised an overly narrow definition of modus operandi (MO), focusing only on very outset of the offence. The study aims to reflect changes that occur as the offence proceeds and to examine whether differentiating between attempted and completed cases can provide greater understanding of MO in SCA. The MO utilised by offenders in 78 cases of SCA retrieved from publicly available U.K. sources were examined. Descriptive analysis was used to determine which types of behaviour were present. Multidimensional scaling was used to categorise these behaviours and to establish whether any relationships existed between them, with view to ascertaining whether there were any clear patterns among strategies. Results found support for differentiating attempted and completed offences, with the analysis highlighting that offenders who utilised multiple means of control, who were more aggressive, and who shifted their MO from one theme to another, were more likely to complete the offence. The study concludes that more nuanced categorisations of SCA offending approaches, which reflect change over time, are required, and argues for additional, contextual information to be incorporated into future work.

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“…These are, by and large, potentially more serious than many of the offenses studied in the past with regard to multi-offending groups and solo offenders (see generally Erikson, 1971;Hindelang, 1971Hindelang, , 1976. Prior research has found that the majority of kidnappings involve non-stranger cases (Tillyer, Tillyer, & Kelsay, 2015). Thus, these represent more rare types of kidnapping incidents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solo and Multi-Offenders Who Commit Stranger Kidnapping: An Assessment of Factors That Correlate With Violent Events

Cunningham

Vandiver

2016

J Interpers Violence

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Research has demonstrated that co-offending dyads and groups often use more violence than individual offenders. Despite the attention given to co-offending by the research community, kidnapping remains understudied. Stranger kidnappings are more likely than non-stranger kidnappings to involve the use of a weapon. Public fear of stranger kidnapping warrants further examination of this specific crime, including differences between those committed by solo and multi-offender groups. The current study uses National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) data to assess differences in use of violence among 4,912 stranger kidnappings by solo offenders and multi-offender groups using cross-tabulations, ordinal regression, and logistic regression. The results indicate that violent factors are significantly more common in multi-offender incidents, and that multi-offender groups have fewer arrests than solo offenders. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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The nature and influence of the victim-offender relationship in kidnapping incidents

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

Sexual Murderers: Sex Offender, Murderer, or Both?

Sexual Murderers: Sex Offender, Murderer, or Both?

Examining modus operandi in stranger child abduction: A comparison of attempted and completed cases

Solo and Multi-Offenders Who Commit Stranger Kidnapping: An Assessment of Factors That Correlate With Violent Events

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