The Natural History of Peripheral Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Associated With a Visible Primary Focus

Miller, F. J. W.; Cashman, J.M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(55)92056-0

Cited by 35 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…the change of primary ulcer and scrofuloderma to lupus vulgaris or tuberculosis verrucosis cutis (TBVC), is not infrequent. 4 , 5 Even the development of lupus vulgaris at the site of bacillis Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been reported. 6–8 The association of TBVC with lupus vulgaris has also been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous occurrence of tuberculous gumma, tuberculosis verrucosis cutis, and lichen scrofulosorum

Kakakhel

1998

Int J Dermatology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous occurrence of tuberculous gumma, tuberculosis verrucosis cutis, and lichen scrofulosorum

Kakakhel

1998

Int J Dermatology

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“…In a TB endemic setting, some false positive results could be due to concomitant TB antigens in the samples of non‐TB cases. Furthermore, the natural course of TBLA may be relapsing and remitting [ 37 ], which could lead to misclassification of non‐TB patients. However, despite its limitations, FNAC is an important tool in the diagnosis of EPTB in a high burden setting due to its simplicity and good sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing adult and pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis by MPT64 antigen detection with immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry using reproduced polyclonal antibodies

Helle,

Kanthali,

Ishtiaq

et al. 2024

The Journal of Pathology CR

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Diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging. Immunohistochemistry or immunocytochemistry has been used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) by detection of MPT64 antigen from various extrapulmonary specimens and has shown good diagnostic performance in our previous studies. The test can distinguish between disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria and can be applied on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue. As the antibodies previously used were in limited supply, a new batch of polyclonal antibodies was developed for scale‐up and evaluated for the first time in this study. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the MPT64 test with reproduced antibodies in the high burden settings of Pakistan and India. Patients were enrolled prospectively. Samples from suspected sites of infection were collected and subjected to histopathologic and/or cytologic evaluation, routine TB diagnostics, GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), and the MPT64 antigen detection test. Patients were followed until the end of treatment. Based on a composite reference standard (CRS), 556 patients were categorized as TB cases and 175 as non‐TB cases. The MPT64 test performed well on biopsies with a sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 75%, respectively, against a CRS. For cytology samples, the sensitivity was low (36%), whereas the specificity was 81%. Overall, the MPT64 test showed higher sensitivity (73%) than Xpert (38%) and Mtb culture (33%). The test performed equally well in adults and children. We found an additive diagnostic value of the MPT64 test in conjunction with histology and molecular tests, increasing the yield for EPTB. In conclusion, immunochemical staining with MPT64 antibodies improves the diagnosis of EPTB in high burden settings and could be a valuable addition to routine diagnostics.

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“…The sites of tuberculous lesions are determined by the route of infection and the degree and mode of subsequent spread of disease from the primary site. Hence cervical lymphadenitis may represent the glandular component of a primary infection originating in the tonsil, mouth, or on the face (Miller & Cashman, 1955); may arise from extension by lymphatic spread from a pulmonary primary complex (Innes, 1981) or from miliary disease (Crofton & Douglas, 1981) or may result from a haematogenous dissemination from a primary or post-primary lesion at a distant site. The usual group of superficial lymph nodes to be affected in all types of mycobacterial infections are those in the cervical region, accounting for over 90% of notifications (Report from the Medical Research Council, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superficial tuberculous lymphadenitis in Merseyside: 1969–1984

Wilkins

Roberts

1985

J. Hyg.

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The aetiology, epidemiology and clinical presentation of 137 bacteriologically confirmed cases of superficial mycobacterial lymphadenitis identified at the Liverpool Public Health Laboratory between 1969 and 1984 were reviewed. Despite a fall in pulmonary and total extrapulmonary isolates, the annual recovery of mycobacteria from lymph nodes remained relatively constant. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was the cause of infection in 121 patients (88.3%), M. bovis in 6 and the remaining 10 isolates were atypical mycobacteria. In European patients (68.6%) the highest incidence was in the elderly, whereas in non-Europeans (31.4%) the disease almost exclusively occurred in the third and fourth decades. The proportion of isolates from non-Europeans reflected the size of the immigrant population and increased during the period of study.

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The Natural History of Peripheral Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Associated With a Visible Primary Focus

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

Simultaneous occurrence of tuberculous gumma, tuberculosis verrucosis cutis, and lichen scrofulosorum

Simultaneous occurrence of tuberculous gumma, tuberculosis verrucosis cutis, and lichen scrofulosorum

Diagnosing adult and pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis by MPT64 antigen detection with immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry using reproduced polyclonal antibodies

Superficial tuberculous lymphadenitis in Merseyside: 1969–1984

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