Delphinidin
(Del) and its glycosides are water-soluble pigments,
belonging to a subgroup of flavonoids. They are health-promoting candidates
for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical uses, as indicated by exhibiting
antioxidation, anti-inflammation, antimicroorganism, antidiabetes,
antiobesity, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, and anticancer
properties. Glycosylation modification of Del is associated with increased
stability and reduced biological activity. Del and its glycosides
can be the alternative inhibitors of CBRs, ERα/β, EGFR,
BCRP, and SGLT-1, and virtual docking indicates that the sugar moiety
may not effectively interact with the active sites of the targets.
Structure-based characteristics confer the multifunctional properties
of Del and its glycosides. Because of their health-promoting effects,
Del and its glycosides are promising and have been developed as potential
pharmaceuticals. However, more investigation on the underlying mechanisms
of Del and its glycosides in mediating cellular processes with high
specificity are still needed. The research progression of Del and
its glycosides over the last 10 years is comprehensively reviewed
in this article.