The “Natural” Course of Eating Disorders

Brown, Tiffany A.; Klein, Kelly M.; Keel, Pamela K.

doi:10.1002/9781118574089.ch55

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 62 publications

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“…In addition, research has been centred on anorexia nervosa (AN) and has seldom included estimates for bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and other specified or unspecified feeding or eating disorders (OSFED, UFED; Bardone-Cone et al, 2018 ; Keel, 2018 ; Smink et al, 2013 ). Furthermore, the natural course of eating disorders, still, remains poorly understood ( Brown et al, 2015 ). Lastly, studies investigating the association between interventions and eating disorder outcomes are limited and focus mostly on clinical samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, treatment, and course of eating disorders in Finland: A population‐based study of adolescent and young adult females and males

Silén

Sipilä

Raevuori

et al. 2021

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Objective: We assessed the detection, treatment and outcomes of DSM-5 eating disorders in a nationwide community setting. Method:The FinnTwin12 cohort comprises twins born in 1983 -1987, with follow-up starting at age 12. We outline treatment and outcomes of the 127 females and 15 males diagnosed with a lifetime DSM-5 eating disorder in interviews conducted for a subsample (n = 1,347) in their early 20s.Results: Only 45 (32%) of those diagnosed with eating disorder in the interviews had their condition detected in healthcare, and even fewer received treatment (30% of females, 13% of males). Anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa, and atypical AN were detected and treated more often than other eating disorders. Five years after disease onset, 41% of those diagnosed had recovered. There were no statistically significant differences in the course of different eating disorders (log-rank p = 0.66) but the outcome was more favourable among males (log-rank p = 0.008). The likelihood of 5-year recovery did not differ between those who had and who had not received treatment (41.1% vs. 40.5%, log-rank p = 0.66). Conclusion:Although eating disorders are common and symptoms are persistent for many, they remain under-diagnosed and under-treated. In realworld settings, effectiveness of provided treatments may be limited.Abbreviations: AN, anorexia nervosa; Atypical AN, atypical anorexia nervosa; BED, binge eating disorder; BN, bulimia nervosa; CI, confidence interval; DSM-5, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition; ED, eating disorder; EDNOS, eating disorder not otherwise specified; Mm-MAST, the Malmö-modified Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test; OSFED-BED, binge eating disorder of low frequency and/or limited duration; OSFED, other specified feeding or eating disorder; OSFED-BN, bulimia nervosa of low frequency and/or limited duration; PD, purging disorder; SCID, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV; SD, standard deviation; UFED, unspecified feeding or eating disorder.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, treatment, and course of eating disorders in Finland: A population‐based study of adolescent and young adult females and males

Silén

Sipilä

Raevuori

et al. 2021

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Changes in disordered eating behaviors over 10 or more years: A meta‐analysis

Romano

Heron

Amerson

et al. 2020

Intl J Eating Disorders

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ObjectiveThe present meta‐analysis evaluated changes in individuals' risk of engaging in distinct disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) in the long‐term.MethodLongitudinal studies assessing changes in DEBs via ≥2 assessments with a time lag of ≥10 years were included. Risk ratios were calculated for baseline to 10–14.9‐year (M = 11.04) follow‐up and baseline to ≥15‐year (M = 18.62) follow‐up changes in the use of binge eating, multiple purging, self‐induced vomiting, laxatives, diuretics, diet pills, compensatory exercising, fasting/dieting, and multiple DEBs; Cohen's d was used for continuous binge‐eating plus purging variable changes. Subgroup and meta‐regression analyses tested whether eating disorder (ED) clinical sample versus nonclinical sample status, female versus male sex/gender, higher versus lower study bias, and baseline mean age and body mass index influenced overall effect magnitude for analyses with sufficient data.ResultsSeventeen studies (26 [sub]samples) were included. Overall, individuals' risk of engaging in various restrictive eating and other compensatory behaviors decreased over time and the magnitudes of risk reductions for the use of certain compensatory DEBs were larger over longer follow‐up durations. Specifically, for significant DEB change models, risk reductions spanned from 20.0–39.8% for 10‐year follow‐up and 24.7–74.8% for ≥15‐year follow‐up. However, nuances were found in the nature of these DEB changes as a function of DEB type, follow‐up length, ED versus nonclinical sample composition, and baseline mean age.ConclusionsThese findings provide important information that can help identify treatment priorities and suggest that targeted and tailored preventative ED treatments warrant consistent implementation at the community‐level, particularly for youth.

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Preventing eating disorders and disordered eating in genetically vulnerable, high‐risk families

Levine

Sadeh‐Sharvit

2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: To close the chasm between theory about families containing a parent with an eating disorders (EDs) history and lack of selective or indicated prevention programming for such families with an older child or adolescent who is, genetically, at high risk. Method: A search of four major databases for January 2000 through September 2022 yielded no publications that (a) identified genetically high-risk families with offspring ages 10 through 18; (b) devised a prevention program for the family; and (c) evaluated program effects on risk/protective factors. To rectify this gap, research on three lines of family-based prevention is reviewed: (1) programs for adolescents at genetic risk for depression or anxiety; (2) the Stanford-Dresden project for adolescents at high risk for anorexia nervosa; and (3) Sadeh-Sharvit et al.'s work concerning the Parent-Based Prevention program for mothers with an EDs history and a child under age 5. Results: The significant challenges for innovative prevention programming should be addressed by experts in effective EDs, depression, and anxiety prevention, and in family-based treatment (FBT) for EDs, collaborating with people from genetically vulnerable families. Innovative programming should focus on robust risk factors for EDs, adaptive expression of non-specific risk factors (e.g., temperament), and strengthening family functioning. Discussion: The field is overdue for development of prevention programs designed for older children or adolescents who are at risk because a parent has an ED. Evidence-based prevention programs for EDs and for depression and anxiety, as well as parent-based prevention informed by FBT, provide a springboard for addressing this gap.

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The “Natural” Course of Eating Disorders

Cited by 4 publications

References 62 publications

Detection, treatment, and course of eating disorders in Finland: A population‐based study of adolescent and young adult females and males

Detection, treatment, and course of eating disorders in Finland: A population‐based study of adolescent and young adult females and males

Changes in disordered eating behaviors over 10 or more years: A meta‐analysis

Preventing eating disorders and disordered eating in genetically vulnerable, high‐risk families

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