The National Survey of American Life: a study of racial, ethnic and cultural influences on mental disorders and mental health

Jackson, James S.; Torres, Myriam E.; Caldwell, Cleopatra Howard; Neighbors, Harold W.; Nesse, Randolph M.; Taylor, Robert Joseph; Trierweiler, Steven J.; Williams, David R.

doi:10.1002/mpr.177

Cited by 751 publications

(719 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Some measures, such as family burden and discrimination, were adopted from the National Survey of African American Life (Jackson et al, 2004) and the National Comorbidity Replication Study (Kessler & Merikangas, 2004). Key variables and scales with their psychometric properties are described in (Alegría, Vila et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding differences in past year psychiatric disorders for Latinos living in the US

Alegrı́a

Shrout

Woo

et al. 2007

Social Science & Medicine

220

239

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This study seeks to identify risk factors for psychiatric disorders that may explain differences in nativity effects among adult Latinos in the USA. We evaluate whether factors related to the processes of acculturation and enculturation, immigration factors, family stressors and supports, contextual factors, and social status in the U.S. account for differences in twelve-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders for eight subgroups of Latinos. We report results that differentiate Latino respondents by country of origin and age at immigration (whether they were U.S.-born or arrived before age 6 [IUSC] or whether they arrived after age 6 [LAI]). After age and gender adjustments, LAI Mexicans and IUSC Cubans reported a significantly lower prevalence of depressive disorders than IUSC Mexicans. Once we adjust for differences in family stressors, contextual factors and social status factors, these differences are no longer significant. The risk for anxiety disorders appears no different for LAI Correspondence to: Margarita Alegria. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptSoc Sci Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2008 July 1. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript compared to IUSC Latinos, after age and gender adjustments. For substance use disorders, family factors do not offset the elevated risk of early exposure to neighborhood disadvantage, but coming to the U.S. after age 25 does offset it. Family conflict and burden were consistently related to the risk of mood disorders. Our findings suggest that successful adaptation into the U.S. is a multidimensional process that includes maintenance of family harmony, integration in advantageous U.S. neighborhoods, and positive perceptions of social standing. Our results uncover that nativity may be a less important independent risk factor for current psychiatric morbidity than originally thought.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding differences in past year psychiatric disorders for Latinos living in the US

Alegrı́a

Shrout

Woo

et al. 2007

Social Science & Medicine

220

239

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“…We examined the bonding form of social capital at the individual level using on four items from the National Survey of American Life (Jackson et al, 2004), which were adapted to the South African context. These were: (1) how often participants spend time with their neighbours (a structural measure reflecting community cohesiveness); (2) participants' perceptions of crime in the area (a cognitive measure of social trust); (3) whether the participant knows of local civic groups (such as social clubs or community associations) (a cognitive measure of community cohesiveness); and (4) whether the participant is a member of any such community group (a structural measure of community cohesiveness) ( Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social determinants of psychological distress in a nationally-representative sample of South African adults

Myer¹,

Stein²,

Grimsrud³

et al. 2008

Social Science & Medicine

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179

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There is substantial evidence from developed countries that lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with increased occurrence of mental illness, and growing interest in the role of social support and social capital in mental health. However, there are few data on social determinants of mental health from low-and middle-income nations. We examined the association between psychological distress and SES, social support and bonding social capital in a nationallyrepresentative sample of South African adults. As part of a national survey of mental health, a probability sample of 4351 individuals was interviewed between 2002 and 2004. Non-specific psychological distress was measured using the Kessler K-10 scale. SES was assessed from an aggregate of household income, individual educational and employment status, and household material and financial resources. Social support, bonding social capital and traumatic life events were measured using multi-item scales. The mean age in the sample was 37 years and 76% of participants were black African. Measures of SES and social capital were inversely associated (p < 0.001). Both recent and traumatic life events were more common among individuals with low levels of SES and social support. After adjusting for participant demographic characteristics and life events, high levels of psychological distress were most common among individuals with lower levels of SES and social capital. There was no independent association between levels of social support and psychological distress. The occurrence of recent life events appeared to partially mediate the association between SES and psychological distress (p = 0.035) but not the association involving social capital (p = 0.40). These data demonstrate persistent associations between levels of SES, social capital and psychological distress in South Africa. The increased frequency of recent life events appears to only partially explain higher levels of psychological distress among individuals of lower SES. Additional research is required to understand the temporality of this association as well as mechanisms through which SES and social capital influence mental health ☆

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“…Details of the methodology used for the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) have been previously described, 4 including details of the sample design, weighting, and variance estimation. 5,6 The WMH Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI-WHO Organization 2004 modified), 7 was used to measure eating disorders.…”

Section: Instruments and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of eating disorders among blacks in the national survey of American life

Taylor

Caldwell

Baser

et al. 2007

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

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141

104

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The National Survey of American Life: a study of racial, ethnic and cultural influences on mental disorders and mental health

Cited by 751 publications

References 48 publications

Understanding differences in past year psychiatric disorders for Latinos living in the US

Understanding differences in past year psychiatric disorders for Latinos living in the US

Social determinants of psychological distress in a nationally-representative sample of South African adults

Prevalence of eating disorders among blacks in the national survey of American life

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