The National Cohort of Esophageal Cancer-Prospective Cohort Study of Esophageal Cancer and Precancerous Lesions based on High-Risk Population in China (NCEC-HRP): study protocol

Abstract

IntroductionOesophageal cancer (OC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and about 50% of all new cases occurred in China. Population-based screening has been conducted in high-risk areas in China since 1970s, however, a few factors have limited the integration of the results from previous studies and the sharing of existing resources, such as the difference in screening methods and protocols, inconsistencies in questionnaires for risk factors investigation, lack of standards for sample collection and incomplete follow-up information.Methods and analysisThe National Cohort of Esophageal Cancer-Prospective Cohort Study of Esophageal Cancer and Precancerous Lesions based on High-Risk Population (NCEC-HRP) is a prospective cohort study of OC screening based on high-risk population in China supported by the National Key R&D Programme. Eight areas located at eastern, central and western China are selected as screening centres to represent three economical-geographical regions. All local residents aged 40–69 years in the selected areas are invited to take endoscopic examination and risk factors investigation unless they meet the exclusion criteria. The recruitment began on June 2017 and a total of 100 000 participants will be enrolled by December 2020 and all subjects will be followed for a long time. This study is designed as open-ended and has broad research aims. Summary statistics for baseline information will be reported after the completion of recruitment. We will develop a series of standards and guidelines for OC screening during the study. An open and shared research platform linked with epidemiological databases and biobank will be built up for further research.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Ethics Committee of Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (approval number 16-171/1250). The findings of the study will be disseminated through scientific peer-reviewed journals as well as the public via the study website (http://www.ncec-china.cn).Trial registration numberChiCTR-EOC-17010553; Pre-results.

Overexpression of JAB1 promotes malignant behavior and predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant pathological subtype of esophageal cancer in China. ESCC is approximately three times more common in men than in women, which is probably related to the unhealthy lifestyle (e.g., smoking, drinking) adopted by Chinese males …”

“…ESCC is approximately three times more common in men than in women, which is probably related to the unhealthy lifestyle (e.g., smoking, drinking) adopted by Chinese males. 3,4 Surgical intervention has been reported to be the mainstay of treatment for patients with early-stage ESCC when the disease is confined to the esophagus. 5 However, the overall prognosis is poor.…”

The association between anxiety and esophageal cancer: A nationwide population‐based study

“…The uniform questionnaire was based on the modified China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) questionnaire used to collect various types of exposure information because the CKB is one of the largest databases in the world for common chronic diseases 25 . The details are described on the website (http://www.ncec-China.cn/cmmct.html) and elsewhere 26 …”

Prevalence and coprevalence of modifiable risk factors for upper digestive tract cancer among residents aged 40–69 years in Yangzhong city, China: a cross-sectional study

“…The Yangzhong city of Jiangsu Province is one of the high-risk areas of UDTC, especially in rural areas. 8 In 2015, the incidence rate of OC was 69.2/100 000, the mortality rate of OC and SC was 70.24/100 0000 and 81.89/100 0000, respectively, in Yangzhong city, which is higher compared with the average of the nation. 20 21 Hence, Yangzhong city had been one of the project sites of the Upper Digestive Tract Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment (UDTCEDAT) since the 2006.…”

“…[5][6][7] Although the cause of UDTC is not clear, it is believed by researchers that the epidemic of UDTC in China is attributed to the multiplicity of demographic factors, diet, lifestyle, family health, environment, gastrointestinal history and genetic factors. 8 It is well known that tobacco, alcohol consumption, overweight or obesity, thermal irritation (drinking scalding liquids) and insufficient intake of vegetables and fruit, consumption of pickled and fried food are eight risk factors that can be altered by a tangible action for UDTC control. [9][10][11][12][13] Although parts of these risk factors have decreased because of a set of interventions implemented by the Chinese government, 14 15 the others have increased and will continue to grow in the next decades because of the rapid transition of urbanisation, industrialisation and ageing.…”