The nasal cavity of the sheep and its olfactory sensory epithelium

Barrios, Arthur W.; Sánchez‐Quinteiro, Pablo; Salazar, Ignacio

doi:10.1002/jemt.22436

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although the SO has only been studied in depth in mouse and rat, there is evidence to suggest that the SO could have disappeared in some mammals and could be regressing in others (Weiler and Farbman, ). In our laboratory we have been unable to identify any structure alike the mouse SO in fetuses, newborn and adult specimens of cat, pig, sheep, and dog, data partially published (Barrios et al, ).…”

Section: Summary Of the Data Found In The Drawings/pictures Reported mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…It has been described in detail in certain rodents –mouse, rat, hamster and gerbil– displaying subtle differences between them (Brechbühl et al, ). In other groups of mammals its presence is very unclear and, as in the case of the SO, our attempts to identify the ganglion in domestic mammals were unsuccessful, data partially published (Barrios et al, ). Moreover, it looks like there are frequent misunderstandings regarding the presence of the GgG, since the original information provided by the most quoted reference thereon (Grüneberg, ) is not usually approached with the desirable objectivity.…”

Section: Summary Of the Data Found In The Drawings/pictures Reported mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Revisiting the Vomeronasal System From an Integrated Perspective

Salazar

Barrios

Sánchez‐Quinteiro

2016

The Anatomical Record

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"Olfactory subsystems" is a relatively new terminology to refer to the different regions of the nasal cavity featuring olfactory sensory neurons. In mice, the olfactory chemical cues are detected in four well delimited areas: the main olfactory epithelium, the septal organ, Grüneberg's ganglion, and the sensory epithelium of the vomeronasal organ. Nevertheless, such distribution is by no means exhibited by all mammals. In microsmatic mammals -humans included- the only existing olfactory subsystem is the main olfactory epithelium. This raises the question of whether the lack of certain olfactory structures in those species implies that they are unable to identify certain olfactory signals, or on the contrary, their main olfactory epithelium assumes such role. It would be interesting to determine, in the context of biomedical research, if the sense of smell in humans is fully or partially endowed with the wide range of functions assigned to the vomeronasal system in mice. If it is not, presumptive implications of the lack of such functions should be addressed in human health and well-being. Anat Rec, 299:1488-1491, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Summary Of the Data Found In The Drawings/pictures Reported mentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Summary Of the Data Found In The Drawings/pictures Reported mentioning

confidence: 98%

Revisiting the Vomeronasal System From an Integrated Perspective

Salazar

Barrios

Sánchez‐Quinteiro

2016

The Anatomical Record

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“…However, a detailed characterization of the equine OE was yet lacking. Studies to characterize the OE in domestic animals are rare ( Deckner et al, 1993 ; Bock et al, 2009 ; Barrios et al, 2014a , b ) or mainly focus on other components of the olfactory system like the olfactory bulb or the vomeronasal organ ( Choi et al, 2010 ; Salazar and Sanchez-Quinteiro, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ideally, the model system should reflect the situation in the natural host but whether the cytoarchitecture, protein expression profile, maturity, turnover and location of the OE is conserved between rodent models and end hosts of natural infections, e.g., horses, often remains to be shown. Such a comparative approach has already been done for the morphological characterization of animal and human OE ( Morrison and Costanzo, 1992 ; Deckner et al, 1993 ; Bock et al, 2009 ; Barrios et al, 2014a , b ). So far species-specific differences have been discussed by Bock et al (2009) and Barrios et al (2014a) who compared the canine OE with rodent models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Location and Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Equine Olfactory Epithelium

et al. 2016

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The olfactory epithelium (OE) is the only body site where neurons contact directly the environment and are therefore exposed to a broad variation of substances and insults. It can serve as portal of entry for neurotropic viruses which spread via the olfactory pathway to the central nervous system. For horses, it has been proposed and concluded mainly from rodent studies that different viruses, e.g., Borna disease virus, equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), hendra virus, influenza virus, rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus can use this route. However, little is yet known about cytoarchitecture, protein expression and the intranasal location of the equine OE. Revealing differences in cytoarchitecture or protein expression pattern in comparison to rodents, canines, or humans might help to explain varying susceptibility to certain intranasal virus infections. On the other hand, disclosing similarities especially between rodents and other species, e.g., horses would help to underscore transferability of rodent models. Analysis of the complete noses of five adult horses revealed that in the equine OE two epithelial subtypes with distinct marker expression exist, designated as types a and b which resemble those previously described in dogs. Detailed statistical analysis was carried out to confirm the results obtained on the descriptive level. The equine OE was predominantly located in caudodorsal areas of the nasal turbinates with a significant decline in rostroventral direction, especially for type a. Immunohistochemically, olfactory marker protein and doublecortin (DCX) expression was found in more cells of OE type a, whereas expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and tropomyosin receptor kinase A was present in more cells of type b. Accordingly, type a resembles the mature epithelium, in contrast to the more juvenile type b. Protein expression profile was comparable to canine and rodent OE but equine types a and b were located differently within the nose and revealed differences in its cytoarchitecture when compared to canine OE. Equine OE type a closely resembles rat OE. Whether the observed differences contribute to species-specific susceptibility to intranasal insults such as virus infections has to be further investigated.

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“…The OE is mainly located in the posterior part of the nasal cavity and lies on the septum, endoturbinates, and ectoturbinates in most mammals. As reported previously, the structure of the nasal cavity appears to be quite complex in rodents, dogs, sheep and horses [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 10 ]. In these species, several winding and branched endoturbinates and ectoturbinates protrude into the lumen of the nasal cavity; in contrast, the primate nasal cavity is a simple structure [ 6 , 8 ].…”

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confidence: 82%

Structure and zonal expression of olfactory receptors in the olfactory epithelium of the goat, <i>Capra hircus</i>

Octura

Maeda

Wakabayashi

2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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The mammalian olfactory system employs sophisticated mechanisms to detect and recognize an extensive range of smells. In rodents, the olfactory epithelium (OE), situated within the nasal cavity, mainly comprises four defined endoturbinates and several ectoturbinates. Olfactory receptors (ORs) belong to a large family, comprising over 1,000 genes in rodents, which are expressed in olfactory sensory neurons in the OE that detect odor molecules. The rodent OE is divided into four topographically distinct zones, defined by individual OR distribution. However, although the structural complexity and the zonal organization of mammalian OE may contribute to successfully interpreting olfactory information, it remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the nasal cavity structure and zonal organization of the OE in goats. Morphological observations revealed that the goat nasal cavity possessed well-developed endoturbinates and ectoturbinates and had a structure similar to that of rodents and sheep, previously reported in other studies. In situ hybridization was used to analyze the expression pattern of ORs, NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1, and olfactory cell adhesion molecules as markers of zonal organization in the goat OE. Based on the expression patterns of these genes, we concluded that the goat OE was divided into four zones. The well-developed structure of the nasal cavity and distribution of each OR in the OE were similar to those found in rodents, suggesting that these features were highly conserved between mammals and may have fundamental roles in discriminating among numerous odor molecules in the environment.

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The nasal cavity of the sheep and its olfactory sensory epithelium

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Revisiting the Vomeronasal System From an Integrated Perspective

Revisiting the Vomeronasal System From an Integrated Perspective

Intranasal Location and Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Equine Olfactory Epithelium

Structure and zonal expression of olfactory receptors in the olfactory epithelium of the goat, <i>Capra hircus</i>

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