The Nantucket Pine Tip Moth

Berisford, C. Wayne

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0789-9_8

Cited by 29 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The extremely low damage levels observed during generation 1 of 2000 likely resulted from a lack of R. frusfrana recruitment from adjacent areas. Rhyacionia frustrana prefers hosts <5 yr old (Berisford 1988), and because the surrounding vegetation consisted of mature P. faeda and P. palusfris, the latter a non-host, only limited recruitment may have occurred. However, damage levels did significantly differ among treatments in generations 3 ( F = 4.87; df = 3, 6; P < 0.003) and 4 of 2001 ( f = 4.33; df = 3, 6; P < 0.006; Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irrigation and Fertilization Effects on Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Damage Levels and Pupal Weight in an Intensively-Managed Pine Plantation2

Coyle

Nowak

Fettig

2003

Journal of Entomological Science

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The widespread application of intensive forest management practices throughout the southeastern U S . has increased loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., yields and shortened conventional rotation lengths. Fluctuations in Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), population density and subsequent damage levels have been linked to variations in management intensity. We examined the effects of two practices, irrigation and fertilization, on R. frustrana damage levels and pupal weights in an intensively-managed P. taeda plantation in South Carolina. Trees received intensive weed control and one of the following treatments: irrigation only, fertilization only, irrigation + fertilization, or control. Mean whole-tree tip moth damage levels ranged from <1 to 48% during this study. Damage levels differed significantly among treatments in two tip moth generations in 2001, but not 2000. Pupal weight was significantly heavier in fertilization compared to the irrigation treatment in 2000, but no significant differences were observed in 2001. Tree diameter, height, and aboveground volume were significantly greater in the irrigation + fertilization than in the irrigation treatment after two growing seasons. Our data suggest that intensive management practices that include irrigation and fertilization do not consistently increase R. frustrana damage levels and pupal weights as is commonly believed. However, tip moth suppression efforts in areas adjacent to our study may have partially reduced the potential impacts of R. frustrana on this experiment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional wisdom among forest managers asserts that tip moth infestation levels increase with management intensity (Berisford andKulman 1967, Ross and. Several studies have specifically investigated the effects of vegetation control and fertilization on tip moth damage levels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation and Fertilization Effects on Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Damage Levels and Pupal Weight in an Intensively-Managed Pine Plantation2

Coyle

Nowak

Fettig

2003

Journal of Entomological Science

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“…Cooke and Ré gniè re (1996) developed a model predicting the efÞcacy of B. thuringiensis sprays on spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), that suggested the applications worked best when the larvae were feeding the most. Second instars feed more frequently on the plant surface after exiting needle mines as second instars (Berisford 1988).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This insect has been shown to reduce volume yields through larval feeding within shoots and buds (Young et al 1979, Cade and Hedden 1987, Nowak and Berisford 2000. Chemical control of tip moth infestations has not traditionally been performed except in high value plantings such as Christmas tree plantations, seed orchards, and progeny tests (Berisford 1988). Recently, however, there has been an elevated interest in developing methods for reducing volume losses associated with tip moth damage in production forests.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Lambda-cyhalothrin, a fourth-generation pyrethroid, has been given a special local needs designation (Section 24-C) in Georgia and is quite effective in reducing tip moth damage (C.W.B., unpublished data). Both of these pyrethroids are harmful to hymenopterous parasitoids and other beneÞcial insects (Theiling and Croft 1988) that are important regulators of tip moth populations (Berisford 1988). They are also detrimental to aquatic arthropods and Þsh (Douce and Hudson 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Efficacy Tests and Determination of Optimal Spray Timing Values to Control Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Infestations

Nowak

Fettig

McCravy

et al. 2000

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The Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyaciona frustrana (Comstock), a common regeneration pest of loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., has been shown to reduce tree volume yields through larval feeding. Chemical applications can be effective in protecting trees from the growth losses associated with this feeding, and optimum spray timing values are commonly used to reduce the number of necessary applications and to increase insecticide efficacy. Optimal spray timing values for the Georgia Piedmont were obtained for the following four insecticides available for use in loblolly pine plantations: permethrin (Pounce), lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior T), spinosad (SpinTor 2 SC), and Bacillus thuringiensis variety kurstaki Berliner (Foray 48B). Optimal timing values were similar between the first and second generations for each of these compounds. All of the insecticides used in this study significantly reduced tip moth damage below the control treatment levels. Lambda-cyhalothrin was the most efficacious and had the longest spray timing window. B. thuringiensis was the least effective and had the shortest timing window. Spinosad and permethrin were similar in efficacy and spray timing values. This information is applicable to regions where there are three tip moth generations per year, as found in the southern Piedmont region and the coastal plain of Virginia and most of North Carolina.

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Tip, Shoot, Root, and Regeneration Pests

Coyle

2023

Forest Entomology and Pathology

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Tree branches, shoot tips, and fine roots, are high in nutritive value and generally have comparatively lower amounts of defensive compounds than older tissues. These tree tissues are utilized by many different insect pests around the world. In some cases, these pests can cause loss of tissues, deformation, or even tree death. Many of these pests are native to the region in which they typically damage trees, and their damage is often confined to stressed or dying trees. However, sometimes these and other such pests can be non-native or even invasive, and can impact trees in new areas. Several tip, shoot, and root pests—typically coleopterans, heteropterans, and lepidopterans—can affect pines and hardwoods, both established trees and newly planted ones. In some cases, effective management strategies have been determined, while in others we know very little about potential management. This chapter will highlight several case studies from around the world where insect pests have impacted tree tips, roots, shoots, and/or regeneration. The causal agent will be discussed, as will any management strategies. Ultimately, careful monitoring and reporting can help forest managers be prepared for damage from these pests, and proper forest management will help ensure forests are resilient and resistant to insect pest damage.

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The Nantucket Pine Tip Moth

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Irrigation and Fertilization Effects on Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Damage Levels and Pupal Weight in an Intensively-Managed Pine Plantation2

Irrigation and Fertilization Effects on Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Damage Levels and Pupal Weight in an Intensively-Managed Pine Plantation2

Efficacy Tests and Determination of Optimal Spray Timing Values to Control Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Infestations

Tip, Shoot, Root, and Regeneration Pests

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