“…Accordingly, the distances towards the two neighboring molecules (A and D) are increased to (1.20±0.05) nm and (1.19±0.05) nm. This change in distance strongly suggests a successful covalent linking of the two molecules (B and C), as this distance agrees with previously reported values of polymerized C 60 in the bulk17 and in thin films 19. The same effect can be seen for a number of C 60 molecules in Figure 3 a.…”
supporting
confidence: 91%
“…As the laser diodes were operated outside the chamber, we assume that only a fraction of the output power reached the sample surface. With a transmission coefficient of the borosilicate glass window of 95 % at 405 nm, a spot size of approximately 12 mm 2 (79 mm 2 ) and a sample size of 8 mm 2 , the incident power was estimated to be about 16 mW (8 mW), which is comparable to the power densities used in previous experiments 19…”
Section: Methodssupporting
confidence: 54%
“…In this study, we induce non‐thermal [2+2] cycloaddition by irradiation of C 60 fullerenes. This well‐known reaction has been widely studied in bulk C 60 16, 17 and in C 60 thin films on metal substrates,18, 19 and it is known to result in a two‐dimensional hexa‐polymer in the bulk. We deposit C 60 molecules onto the (10.4) cleavage plane of calcite (CaCO 3 ), which is a bulk insulator 20.…”
The photosensitive 4‐azido‐2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐1‐benzoyl core has been connected to maleimide‐, chloroacetyloxy‐, or succinimidyl carbonate motifs through various spacers to furnish a series of bifunctional linkers. One linker (7a) has been used for the construction of a biosensor for β‐lactam antibiotic detection by attenuated total reflectance FTIR (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy.
“…Accordingly, the distances towards the two neighboring molecules (A and D) are increased to (1.20±0.05) nm and (1.19±0.05) nm. This change in distance strongly suggests a successful covalent linking of the two molecules (B and C), as this distance agrees with previously reported values of polymerized C 60 in the bulk17 and in thin films 19. The same effect can be seen for a number of C 60 molecules in Figure 3 a.…”
supporting
confidence: 91%
“…As the laser diodes were operated outside the chamber, we assume that only a fraction of the output power reached the sample surface. With a transmission coefficient of the borosilicate glass window of 95 % at 405 nm, a spot size of approximately 12 mm 2 (79 mm 2 ) and a sample size of 8 mm 2 , the incident power was estimated to be about 16 mW (8 mW), which is comparable to the power densities used in previous experiments 19…”
Section: Methodssupporting
confidence: 54%
“…In this study, we induce non‐thermal [2+2] cycloaddition by irradiation of C 60 fullerenes. This well‐known reaction has been widely studied in bulk C 60 16, 17 and in C 60 thin films on metal substrates,18, 19 and it is known to result in a two‐dimensional hexa‐polymer in the bulk. We deposit C 60 molecules onto the (10.4) cleavage plane of calcite (CaCO 3 ), which is a bulk insulator 20.…”
The photosensitive 4‐azido‐2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐1‐benzoyl core has been connected to maleimide‐, chloroacetyloxy‐, or succinimidyl carbonate motifs through various spacers to furnish a series of bifunctional linkers. One linker (7a) has been used for the construction of a biosensor for β‐lactam antibiotic detection by attenuated total reflectance FTIR (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy.
“…9 (taken from Ref. 41) mechanism is changed at around 90 K. For the substrate temperature above 90 K, the electrontransport properties are behaved on the basis of thermally excited mechanism and the activation energy for electron-transport was obtained to be 0.06 eV, which is comparable to that of 0.10 eV for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) 8) . Because the present peanutshaped C60 polymer can be formed only by EB irradiation of a C60 film which can be deposited on any substrate by a dry (evaporation) or wet (spin coat) process, this polymer may be superior to CNTs when applied to practical electronic device fabrications.…”
When a C60 film is irradiated with a 3 kV electron-beam (EB) gun in vacuum (base pressure : 10 −7 Pa), we have found that EB-irradiation of a C60 film gives rise to formation of a peanut-shaped C60 polymer with metallic electron-transport properties in air at room temperature. The peanut-shaped polymer has both positive and negative Gaussian curvatures (K), which can be classified into a new p-electron conjugated carbon allotrope that is different from graphite (K＝0), fullerenes (K＞0), nanotubes (K＝0 at body, K＞0 at cap edge), and hypothetical Mackay crystal (K＜0). In the present review article, we will introduce our recent results of the electron-transport, electronic, and optical properties of the nanocarbon, and describe theoretical analysis of its novel electronic properties on the basis of quantum mechanics on Riemannian surfaces. To our best knowledge, the peanut-shaped C60 polymer is only an existed material with a negative Gaussian curvature, whose electronic and optical properties are known experimentally. Thus we believe that the present system will open a new science "quantum science of condensed matters in Riemannian space".
“…From this standpoint, Onoe et al have hitherto investigated the structural and physicochemical properties of photo- and electron-beam (EB)-induced polymerized C 60 films under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions [ 14 , 15 ], and demonstrated that photopolymerization finally results in formation of a 2D semiconducting dumbbell-shaped C 60 polymer [ 16–20 ], whereas EB-polymerization finally results in formation of a 1D metallic uneven-structured (peanut-shaped) C 60 polymer [ 21–26 ] via the GSW transformation [ 7 ], as shown in Figure 2 [ 20 ]. Figure 2.…”
Since carbon (C) atom has a variety of chemical bonds
via
hybridization between s and p atomic orbitals, it is well known that there are robust carbon materials. In particular, discovery of C
60
has been an epoch making to cultivate nanocarbon fields. Since then, nanocarbon materials such as nanotube and graphene have been reported. It is interesting to note that C
60
is soluble and volatile unlike nanotube and graphene. This indicates that C
60
film is easy to be produced on any kinds of substrates, which is advantage for device fabrication. In particular, electron-/photo-induced C
60
polymerization finally results in formation of one-dimensional (1D) metallic peanut-shaped and 2D dumbbell-shaped semiconducting C
60
polymers, respectively. This enables us to control the physicochemical properties of C
60
films using electron-/photo-lithography techniques. In this review, we focused on the structures, fundamental properties, and potential applications of the low-dimensional C
60
polymers and other nanocarbons such as C
60
peapods, wavy-structured graphene, and penta-nanotubes with topological defects. We hope this review will provide new insights for producing new novel nanocarbon materials and inspire broad readers to cultivate new further research in carbon materials.
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