The NA49 Collaboration

Antičić, T.; Baatar, B.; Barna, D.; Bartke, J.; Beck, H.; Betev, L.; Białkowska, H.; Blume, C.; Boimska, B.; Book, J.; Botje, M.; Braciník, J.; Bunčić, P.; Černý, V.; Christakoglou, P.; Chung, P.; Chvála, O.; Cramer, J.; Csató, P.; Dinkelaker, P.; Eckardt, V.; Fischer, H.; Fodor, Z.; Foka, P.; Friese, V.; Gál, János; Gaździcki, M.; Genchev, V.; Grebieszkow, K.; Hegyi, S.; Höhne, C.; Kadija, K.; Karev, A.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kowalski, M.; Kreps, M.; László, Á.; Lacey, R.; Leeuwen, M. van; Lévai, P.; Litov, L.; Lungwitz, B.; Makariev, M.; Malakhov, A.; Mateev, M.; Melkumov, G. L.; Mitrovski, M.; Molnár, J.; Mrówczyński, S.; Nicolic, V.; Pálla, G.; Panagiotou, A.; Panayotov, D.; Peryt, W.; Pikna, M.; Pluta, J.; Prindle, D.; Pühlhofer, F.; Renfordt, R.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rybczyński, M.; Rybicki, A.; Sandoval, A.; Schmitz, N.; Schuster, T.; Seyboth, P.; Siklér, F.; Sitár, B.; Skrzypczak, E.; Słodkowski, M.; Stefanek, G.; Stock, R.; Ströbele, H.; Šuša, T.; Szentpétery, I.; Sziklai, J.; Szuba, M.; Szymański, P.; Trubnikov, V.; Utvić, Milan; Varga, D.; Vassiliou, M.; Veres, G. I.; Vesztergombi, G.; Vranić, D.; Wenig, S.; Włodarczyk, Z.; Wojtaszek, A.

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.10.150

Cited by 40 publications

(93 citation statements)

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“…The mean transverse momentum of protons at low and intermediate K − s = 17.27 GeV NA49 data SMASH 1.6 Figure 19. Mean transverse momentum of (anti)protons, positively and negatively charged pions and kaons in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 17.27 GeV compared to experimental data [46,49,54].…”

Section: Proton+proton Results Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle production via strings and baryon stopping within a hadronic transport approach

Mohs

Ryu

Elfner

2020

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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The stopping of baryons in heavy ion collisions at beam momenta of p lab = 20 − 160A GeV is lacking a quantitative description within theoretical calculations. Heavy ion reactions at these energies are experimentally explored at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and will be studied at future facilities such as FAIR and NICA. Since the net baryon density is determined by the amount of stopping, this is the pre-requisiste for any investigation of other observables related to structures in the QCD phase diagram such as a first-order phase transition or a critical endpoint. In this work we employ a string model for treating hadron-hadron interactions within a hadronic transport approach (SMASH, Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly-interacting Hadrons). Free parameters of the string excitation and decay are tuned to match experimental measurements in elementary proton-proton collisions. Afterwards, the model is applied to heavy ion collisions, where the experimentally observed change of the shape of the proton rapidity spectrum from a single peak structure to a double peak structure with increasing beam energy is reproduced. Heavy ion collisions provide the opportunity to study the formation process of string fragments in terms of formation times and reduced interaction cross-sections for pre-formed hadrons. A good agreement with the measured rapidity spectra of protons and pions is achieved while insights on the fragmentation process are obtained. In the future, the presented approach can be used to create event-by-event initial conditions for hybrid calculations.

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Section: Proton+proton Results Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle production via strings and baryon stopping within a hadronic transport approach

Mohs

Ryu

Elfner

2020

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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“…Even at midrapidity y ≈ 0 we predict sizeable asymmetries. Our rough predictions could be checked experimentally at SPS [13,25], RHIC or at fixed target LHCb [26]. Such experiments would allow to better pin down the rather weakly constrained so far q/q → D fragmentation functions.…”

Section: E Dd Asymmetry At Lower Energiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

D meson production asymmetry, unfavored fragmentation, and consequences for prompt atmospheric neutrino production

Maciuła

Szczurek

2018

Phys. Rev. D

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We consider unfavoured light quark/antiquark to D meson fragmentation. We discuss nonperturbative effects for small transverse momenta. The asymmetry for D + and D − production measured by the LHCb collaboration provides natural constraints on the parton (quark/antiquark) fragmentation functions. We find that already a fraction of q/q → D fragmentation probability is sufficient to account for the measured asymmetry. We make predictions for similar asymmetry for neutral D mesons. Large D-meson production asymmetries are found for large x F which is related to dominance of light quark/antiquark q/q → D fragmentation over the standard c → D fragmentation. As a consequence, prompt atmospheric neutrino flux at high neutrino energies can be much larger than for the conventional c → D fragmentation. The latter can constitute a sizeable background for the cosmic neutrinos claimed to be observed recently by the IceCube Observatory. Large rapidity-dependent D + /D − and D 0 /D 0 asymmetries are predicted for low ( √ s = 20 -100 GeV) energies. The q/q → D fragmentation leads to enhanced production of D mesons at low energies. At √ s = 20 GeV the enhancement factor with respect to the conventional contribution is larger than a factor of five. In the considered picture the large-x F D mesons are produced dominantly via fragmentation of light quarks/antiquarks. Predictions for fixed target p + 4 He collisions relevant for a fixed target LHCb experiment are presented. PACS numbers:were found to be extremely small, consistent with zero (see e.g. Refs.[4-6] and references therein). The LHCb result was obtained for D ± → K 0 s K ± decays. Can perturbative effects lead to any asymmetry? Higher-order pQCD and electroweak effects on cc asymmetry (both quark and antiquark registered) was studied in Ref. [7] for E T > 20 GeV. The predicted effect was, however, rather small (< 1 %), at least for the LHCb (pseudo)rapidity coverage 2 < η < 4.The production asymmetries were interpreted in Refs. [8,9] as due to meson cloud mechanism and specific structure of the proton Fock components. The string model approach to the problem of heavy meson production and asymmetries in the production of heavy mesons was discussed in extent in Ref. [10]. The LHCb asymmetry was discussed also in the framework of heavy-quark recombination approach [11] (for earlier work see e.g. Ref.[12]). Here there are four unknown parameters responsible for formation of D mesons. It was shown that with some combination of parameters one can describe the LHCb data [11].The conventional D meson production mechanism leads to symmetry in D + /D − or D 0 /D 0 production, i.e. σ(D + ) = σ(D − ) and σ(D 0 ) = σ(D 0 ). As will be discussed in the present paper, only a subtle isospin-violating effect in vector D meson decays (D * → DX) leads to a significant effect of σ(D + /D − ) < σ(D 0 /D 0 ).Here we consider a simple alternative phenomenological explanation using so-called unfavored fragmentation functions responsible for light quark/antiquark fragmentation to D mesons. Such un...

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“…It is important to mention that the newest version of SIBYLL, SIBYLL 2.3c, was adjusted to provide a better description of NA49 data. These data include production of charged pions in p+p [30] and p+C interactions [31]; the production of protons, antiprotons and neutrons [32] and charged kaons [33] in p+p interactions; and the production of protons, antiprotons, neutrons, deuterons and tritons in minimum bias p+C interactions [34].…”

Section: Overview Of the Hadronic Interaction Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LHC updated hadronic interaction packages analyzed up to cosmic-ray energies

et al. 2018

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The results of high energy simulated experiments where a given hadronic particle impacts on a given target are statistically analyzed. The energy range of the projectiles goes from below the LHC scale up to the highest cosmic ray energies. This study was carried out by using the pre-and post-LHC versions of the hadronic interaction models QGSJET, EPOS and SIBYLL. Our analysis indicates that the post-LHC models present smaller differences in various quantities that characterize the secondary particles produced after the hadronic collisions, in comparison with the corresponding differences that are found comparing the respective old (pre-LHC) versions of the hadronic models. However, it is also found that there exist some discrepancies among models that persist even at the LHC energy scale, that call for further theoretical investigation. An additional analysis of the impact that different modeling of hadronic collisions has on air shower development is also included. It consists of a detailed study of the impact of the different pre-and post-LHC versions of the hadronic models considered, for relevant observables like the muon production depth distribution.

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The NA49 Collaboration

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Particle production via strings and baryon stopping within a hadronic transport approach

Particle production via strings and baryon stopping within a hadronic transport approach

D meson production asymmetry, unfavored fragmentation, and consequences for prompt atmospheric neutrino production

LHC updated hadronic interaction packages analyzed up to cosmic-ray energies

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