The Na+/glucose cotransporters: from genes to therapy

Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: navigating between Scylla and Charybdis

“…In a teleological point of view, when luminal glucose concentration increases, the glucose transporter system upregulates, increasing glucose intestinal absorption and/or renal reabsorption, aiming at improving energetic substrate disposal for the organism, as already described in diabetic patients [2]. Diabetes-induced increase of SGLT2 and GLUT2 expression in proximal tubule participates in the development of diabetic tubulopathy and glomerulopathy.…”

Diabetic ketoacidosis without hyperglycemia as a complication of SGLT2 inhibitors treatment

“…Inhibiting SGLT2 effectively reduces glucose concentration in the serum, while retaining SGLT1 activity prevents hypoglycemia. An increased level of SGLT2 mRNA was found in the cells isolated from proximal tubules of patients with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy people [19]. However, SGLT2 inhibitors only block reabsorption of approximately 30-50% of glucose excreted into primary urine [20].…”

Impact of Newer Medications for Type 2 Diabetes on Body Weight

“…There are two types of SGLT; SGLT2 is responsible for 98 % of renal glucose reabsorption, whereas SGLT1 is responsible for only 2 % [57]. An emerging class of oral medications, known as SGLT2 inhibitors, block SGLT2 mediated glucose reabsorption, resulting in iatrogenic glucosuria [58, 59••].…”