The N and W Iceland Shelf: insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates

Andrews, John T.; Harðardóttir, Jórunn; Helgadóttir, Guðrún; Jennings, Anne E.; Geirsdóttir, Áslaug; Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Árný E.; Schoolfield, Stephanie C.; Kristjánsdóttir, Gréta B; Smith, L. Micaela; Thors, Kjartan; Syvitski, James P. M.

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(99)00036-0

Cited by 112 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The ice sheet retreated during the LGM (26-18 ka) due to the limited precipitation that was possible as a result of the wide extent of sea ice (Labeyrie et al, 2004;Van Vliet-Lanoë et al, 2007). This is consistent with the absence of deposits from 26 ka to 17 ka ago off NW Iceland, mentioned by Andrews et al (2000) and Andrews & Helgadottir (2003), and with the Middle Weichselian transgression reconstructed by Svendsen et al (2004) for the Scandinavian Arctic. A limited LGM glaciation could also explain the characteristics of the Termination I-a sediments, which are poor in hyaloclastites.…”

Section: Weichselian Glaciation and Termination I-asupporting

confidence: 81%

Glacial Terminations II and I as recorded in NE Iceland

Vliët-Lanoé¹,

Guðmundsson²,

Guillou³

et al. 2010

Geologos

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Volcanism in eastern Iceland has controlled the changes in glacier-and river-drainage patterns and the sedimentary budget, particularly during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. The glacial extent in NE Iceland appears to be related to the impact of volcanic activity, not only on the ice-stream dynamics, but also on the sedimentary successions. Analysis of the Jökuldalur and Jökulsa á Brù records results in a new interpretation of the changes in ice extent and flow direction for at least the last two glaciations. From MIS 8 onward, the development of the Snaefell volcano apparently forced the ice stream that derived from the Vatnajökull ice cap to take another course; it also affected the offshore sedimentary budgets at the new outlet at Vopnafjördur. The MIS 6 ice sheet was thick and extensive, and associated with an icestream diversion to the North. The thick sedimentary complex of palaeolake Halslón was formed close to an outlet of the Vatnajökull, the Brùarjökull, during Termination II and a part of the MIS 5e interglacial. The deposits formed during MIS 5e record two climate optima interrupted by two successive glacial advances correlated with the mid-Eemian cooling. The deposits of the Weichselian deglaciation (Termination I) are much more limited in thickness. During the Last Glacial Maximum and the Late Glacial, glaciers also seem to have been restricted in the Jökulsa á Brù area. Valley glaciers issued from the Brùarjökull re-advanced several times in the Jökuldalur only during at least the Older Dryas, the Younger Dryas and the Preboreal. NE Iceland has undergone considerable deglaciation since the Bølling. In contrast to the conclusions of previous studies, the results presented here are consistent with data on the glaciations in other Nordic regions and can increase the understanding of the mid-Eemian cooling.

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Section: Weichselian Glaciation and Termination I-asupporting

confidence: 81%

Glacial Terminations II and I as recorded in NE Iceland

Vliët-Lanoé¹,

Guðmundsson²,

Guillou³

et al. 2010

Geologos

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“…Relatively warm Atlantic water reached the shelf areas off North Iceland between 18.6-16.3 cal kyrs BP (Table 1;5-6) and the ice sheet retreated from the shelf off West Iceland at 15.0 cal kyrs BP (Table 1;7) (Syvitski et al, 1999;Eiríksson et al, 2000;Andrews et al, 2000;Geirsdóttir et al, 2002). Ingólfsson and Norðdahl (2001) suggested that a rapid rise of global sea level, caused by melting of the large Laurentide, Scandinavian and Barents Sea ice sheets, floated marine based parts of the Icelandic ice sheet and caused its collapse through intensive calving.…”

Section: Bølling Deglaciation and Formation Of Marine Limit Shorelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Weichselian history of relative sea level changes in Iceland during a collapse and subsequent retreat of marine based ice sheet

Pétursson

Norðdahl

Inǵólfsson

2015

CIG

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“…The evolution of the IIS has been summarised in recent publications (Kaldal and Víkingssson, 1990;Norðdahl and Pétursson 2005;Norðdahl et al, 2008;Geirsdóttir et al, 2009;Geirsdóttir, 2011;Pétursson et al, 2015). Most of these publications highlight the fact that the IIS retreated rapidly and catastrophically, until it occupied only the centre and southeast of the island, around 15 ka (Andrews et al, 2000;Norðdahl and Einarsson 2001, Geirsdóttir et al 2009, Brynjólfsson et al, 2015a. At the end of the Bølling stadial there was a short glacial advance in the Older Dryas (Ingólfsson et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the glacier retreat at the end of the Younger Dryas, the glacial fronts re-advanced again in the Early Preboreal period, around 11.2 ka (Ingólfsson et al, 1997;Norðdahl and Einarsson, 2001;Norðdahl and Pétursson, 2005). Later, the glaciers retreated rapidly (Kaldal and Víkingssson, 1990;Andrews et al, 2000;Norðdahl and Einarsson, 2001;Geirsdóttir et al, 2002Geirsdóttir et al, , 2009Larsen et al, 2012). By 10.2 ka the centre and north of Iceland was already deglaciated (Stötter et al, 1999;Caseldine et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, different types of evidence suggest that ice-free areas and nunataks existed on the summits of the above mentioned peninsulas of Vestfirðir and Tröllaskagi and their immediate surroundings (Sigurvinsson, 1983;Ingólfsson, 1991;Norðdahl, 1991a;Ingólfsson and Norðdahl, 1994;Rundgren and Ingólfsson, 1999;Andrews et al, 2000;Geirsdóttir et al, 2009;Geirsdóttir, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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