The Myxomycetes: Introduction, Basic Biology, Life Cycles, Genetics, and Reproduction

Keller, Harold W.; Everhart, Sydney E.; Kilgore, Courtney M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805089-7.00001-9

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Incomplete calcification is also observed in some members of the Lamprodermataceae. In the Lucisporomycetidae the peridium is mineralized as is also the case for some members of the Trichiaceae (Perichaena) and Cribrariaceae (Cribraria and Lindbladia); in the latter family calcium compounds occur as dictydine granules (Schoknecht and Keller 1989, Lado and Eliasson 2017, Keller et al 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Myxomycetes

et al. 2019

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The traditional classification of the Myxomycetes (Myxogastrea) into five orders (Echinosteliales, Liceales, Trichiales, Stemonitidales and Physarales), used in all monographs published since 1945, does not properly reflect evolutionary relationships within the group. Reviewing all published phylogenies for myxomycete subgroups together with a 18S rDNA phylogeny of the entire group serving as an illustration, we suggest a revised hierarchical classification, in which taxa of higher ranks are formally named according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants. In addition, informal zoological names are provided. The exosporous genus Ceratiomyxa, together with some protosteloid amoebae, constitute the class Ceratiomyxomycetes. The class Myxomycetes is divided into a bright- and a dark-spored clade, now formally named as subclasses Lucisporomycetidae and Columellomycetidae, respectively. For bright-spored myxomycetes, four orders are proposed: Cribrariales (considered as a basal group), Reticulariales, a narrowly circumscribed Liceales and Trichiales. The dark-spored myxomycetes include five orders: Echinosteliales (considered as a basal group), Clastodermatales, Meridermatales, a more narrowly circumscribed Stemonitidales and Physarales (including as well most of the traditional Stemonitidales with durable peridia). Molecular data provide evidence that conspicuous morphological characters such as solitary versus compound fructifications or presence versus absence of a stalk are overestimated. Details of the capillitium and peridium, and especially how these structures are connected to each other, seem to reflect evolutionary relationships much better than many characters which have been used in the past.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Morphological traits in the light of molecular data.-The comparatively rich display of morphological characters in myxomycete fructifications (Keller et al 2017) allows us to compare phylogenies with morphological data to elucidate the evolution of major traits concerning sporocarp structures (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Myxomycetes

et al. 2019

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“…1 associates specimens with clustered and free spores. Aggregation of spores in the form of more or less firmly attached clusters is a character considered important in myxomycete taxonomy at a species level (Keller et al 2017). About 30 species from various myxomycete genera have clustered spores, but the taxonomic importance of this character was already questioned (Schnittler and Mitchell 2000).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Affinity Of the Andean Endemics In The Context Of The Phylogeny Of Trichiales-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nivicolous Trichiales from the austral Andes: unexpected diversity including two new species

et al. 2020

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Nivicolous myxomycetes are a group of amoebozoan protists dependent on long-lasting snow cover worldwide. Recent fine-scale analysis of species diversity from the austral Andes revealed high intraspecific variability of most taxa, suggesting independent evolutionary processes and significant differences in species compositions between the Northern (NH) and Southern (SH) Hemispheres. The present study is the second part of this analysis based on representatives of Trichiales. A total of 173 South American collections were studied based on morphological and molecular data, and 15 taxa have been identified. Two of them, Hemitrichia crassifila and Perichaena patagonica, are proposed as new species confirmed by a phylogeny of Trichiales. However, their affinity to the genera in which they are proposed are not confirmed due to polyphyletic character of all genera of Trichiales. Four species, Dianema subretisporum, Trichia contorta var. karstenii, T. nivicola, and T. sordida, are reported for the first time from the Southern Hemisphere. One species, T. alpina, is new for Argentina. Additionally, we provide the first record of Perichaena megaspora from Chile. Specimen frequency and species diversity of Trichiales found at nivicolous localities in the austral Andes are unexpectedly high, exceeding those of Stemonitidales, the most numerous group in the Northern Hemisphere, where Trichiales play a marginal role. By contrast, Trichiales appear the main component of nivicolous assemblages in the Andes. Results of the present work, together with the earlier analysis of Stemonitidales, indicate that the Andes constitute an exceptionally important evolutionary hot spot for nivicolous myxomycetes characterized by an outstanding species diversity.

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“…Brooks & H.W. Keller (Keller & Brooks 1975) in the Physarales: Physaraceae, is one example that has a calcareous peridium and capillitial calcareous nodes which undergo color changes over time when observed in the field over a several-month period.…”

Section: Colors In the Genus Arcyriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcyria versicolor of western mountains, U.S.A. (Myxomycetes: Trichiales: Trichiaceae): a morphological and taxonomic study with observations of nivicolous species

Keller¹,

Price²,

Stone³

et al. 2020

J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas

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Arcyria versicolor (Trichiales: Trichiaceae) is a distinct myxomycete species described by William Phillips in 1877. The genus Arcyria dates back to Linnaeus in 1753 through the species A. denudata. Arcyria sporangia are brightly colored red, yellow, grey or white, mostly stalked, often in large groups easily seen with the naked eye. Approximately 54 species are known, many are common, and distributed worldwide. Collectors often encounter these colorful species on decaying logs as clusters of many sporangia often covering extensive areas. Arcyria versicolor, collected in the Valles Caldera National Preserve located in the Jemez Mountains of north central New Mexico, is a new record for the state. The nomenclatural history of this species is reviewed and the justification for selection of the species name versicolor is discussed. Arcyria versicolor is accepted as the valid species name and A. vitellina a synonym after examination of type specimens. Environmental parameters for coloration are discussed in general for fruiting bodies of Arcyria and more specifically for nivicolous snowbank species. Transitional stages of plasmodial color to mature fruiting body formation are described for Arcyria versicolor. More than 140 specimens of Arcyria versicolor fruiting bodies were examined with light microscopy and in part illustrated with multifocal computer stacked imaging. Higher magnifications were highlighted using scanning electron microscopy. A more complete and accurate species description is provided for Arcyria versicolor. Differences of fruiting body morphology including habit, color, dehiscence, peridial inner and outer surface features, capillitial ornamentation and size, spore color, size, and ornamentation, and stalk spore-like bodies are described and illustrated. Observation of type specimens from the type locality is illustrated, discussed, and nomenclatural evaluation given for the name selected. Mountain myxomycetes are reviewed based on the observations of T.H. Macbride and his early 1914 paper published in Mycologia. Collection data is presented that compares the dark-spored and light spored nivicolous myxomycetes in the French Alps. The history of renown collectors of nivicolous myxomycetes in western mountains of U.S.A. documents the discovery and study of this special ecological group of myxomycetes. This current paper is the first in a series from an ongoing research project entitled Myxomycetes of New Mexico.

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The Myxomycetes: Introduction, Basic Biology, Life Cycles, Genetics, and Reproduction

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Myxomycetes

Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Myxomycetes

Nivicolous Trichiales from the austral Andes: unexpected diversity including two new species

Arcyria versicolor of western mountains, U.S.A. (Myxomycetes: Trichiales: Trichiaceae): a morphological and taxonomic study with observations of nivicolous species

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