“The Mysterious Myth of Attention Deficit…” Revisited

Burack, Jacob A.; Dawkins, Tamara; Stewart, Jillian; Flores, Heidi; Iarocci, Grace; Russo, Natalie

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394284-5.00006-1

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Ed's inclusive and universal world view emerged with his early articulation of a developmental approach to the study of persons with intellectual disability (Zigler, 1967, 1969) that he contrasted with, what he referred to as the defect and deficit approaches that prevailed in the educational and psychological literatures during the 1960s and 1970s and have persisted to at least some degree even into the 21st century (for discussions, see Burack, Evans, Klaiman, & Iarocci, 2001; Burack, Dawkins, et al, 2012). In contrast to the defect theorists of the time, who proposed various specific deficits as the source of all intellectual disability (for a collection of such efforts, see Zigler & Balla, 1982), Ed emphasized the commonality between persons with intellectual disability and the rest of the population.…”

Section: The Development Of Ed's Universal Inclusive and Holistic Developmental World Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All four of us who had the opportunity to collaborate with Ed co-authored manuscripts with him that related to his developmental approach to the study of persons with intellectual disability, and together as a group we have extended this area of work in several ways (for reviews, see Burack, Russo, Gordon Green, et al, 2016; Burack et al, in press; also see Russo, Kaplan, Wilson, Criss, & Burack, in press). In keeping both with Ed's theoretical and questioning approaches, we have challenged basic assumptions in the field, including the notion of a pervasive attention deficit among persons with intellectual disability that was perpetuated for close to half a century despite clearly flawed studies and data (see Burack, Dawkins, et al, 2012; Burack et al, 2001). We have called into question the lack of consideration of basic developmental methodologies such as comparison by mental, rather than chronological, age by highly funded researchers using state-of-the-art neurological technology (Burack, Russo, Gordon Green, et al, 2016).…”

Section: Ed's Influence On Our Group's Work In Developmental Psychopathology: Examples From Research With Persons With Asd and Indigenousmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The science of humanity and the humanity of science: Perspectives on Ed Zigler's contributions to developmental psychopathology and the study of all children

et al. 2021

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We present this article as a testament to Ed Zigler's commitment to science in the service of humanity and to policy based on conceptually compelling theory and methodologically rigorous science. In doing so, we highlight ways that Ed's universal and inclusive developmental world view, early training as a behaviorist, exacting scientific standards, concern for others, and appreciation of his own roots and upbringing all transformed the way that many different groups of people of all ages and backgrounds are studied, viewed, and intervened with by researchers, policy makers, and society at large. Ed's narrative of development rather than defect, universality rather than difference, and holistic rather than reductionist continues to compel us in the quest for a kinder, more inclusive, and enabling society. Conversely, Ed's behaviorist training as a graduate student also influenced him throughout his career and was essential to his career-long commitment to systemic action in the service of improving the lives of others. We cite the lessons that we, as his descendants, learned from Ed and apply them to our own areas of research with populations that Ed did not study, but had considerable interest in – persons with autism spectrum disorder and Indigenous youth.

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Section: The Development Of Ed's Universal Inclusive and Holistic Developmental World Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ed's Influence On Our Group's Work In Developmental Psychopathology: Examples From Research With Persons With Asd and Indigenousmentioning

confidence: 99%

The science of humanity and the humanity of science: Perspectives on Ed Zigler's contributions to developmental psychopathology and the study of all children

et al. 2021

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“…Visual search is a natural process one goes through in daily life wherein the individuals actively scan the environment to locate a particular object, also referred to as a visual stimulus, among irrelevant features, referred by some researchers as the distractors [5]. For example, the search for a desired product on the shelf in a supermarket qualifies as a visual search where all other undesired products are the distractors.…”

Section: Visual Searching and Distractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Optimisation of Best Practice for Proper Lookout at Night

Khalique,

Bury,

Loughney

2024

TransNav

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A significant proportion of accidents appear to be caused by a lack of maintaining a 'proper lookout' on a ship's bridge. The root cause for these accidents could be the result of watchkeeper's lack of awareness of requirements to maintain a proper lookout. This paper utilises the authors' proposed definition of this term and then discusses the outputs from a study on improving watchkeeper behaviour carried out in ship bridge simulators, using eye tracking devices. The study involves applying the proposed method of carrying out visual search scans together with underlining distractions caused by Multifunction Displays (MFDs) found on modern ship bridges. Based on the findings, the paper evaluates the impact of the proposed scan method for maintaining a proper lookout, reduction in distractions caused by MFDs and discusses how it is almost impossible to achieve a complete dark adaptation with the presence of MFDs and other lighting on modern ship bridges. This research offers a solution to control these risks through risk assessment, together with training and education for watchkeepers to overcome these issues. This study is expected to contribute significantly to improving watchkeeper's behaviour in maintaining lookout and application of the proposed scan method.

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Developments in the Developmental Approach to Intellectual Disability

Burack

Russo

Green

et al. 2016

Developmental Psychopathology

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Based in classic developmental theory and in more than two centuries of ever increasingly sophisticated medical thinking and science, the developmental approach has transformed the theory, methodology, and interpretation of the study of persons with intellectual disability. The primary contributions include the differentiation among persons with intellectual disability by etiology, the application of developmental principles to the specific etiological groups, the emphasis on mental age (MA) (rather than chronological age; CA), and the consideration of the “whole person” along with his or her family and community. In debunking the monolithic approach to intellectual disability as a single disorder, the developmental approach allows for considerably more precision in the study of this population and the resultant rejection of common myths, albeit as part of a process that highlights the extent to which this field is a nascent one. In highlighting the broadening of the understanding of persons with intellectual disability, we review contributions from the study of social competence, language development, and family relations. We then introduce the potential impact and current limitations of the application of cutting‐edge technology in the study of neuroscience among persons with intellectual disability.

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“The Mysterious Myth of Attention Deficit…” Revisited

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

The science of humanity and the humanity of science: Perspectives on Ed Zigler's contributions to developmental psychopathology and the study of all children

The science of humanity and the humanity of science: Perspectives on Ed Zigler's contributions to developmental psychopathology and the study of all children

Analysis and Optimisation of Best Practice for Proper Lookout at Night

Developments in the Developmental Approach to Intellectual Disability

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