The Mw 7.1, Hector Mine, California earthquake: surface rupture, surface displacement field, and fault slip solution from ERS SAR data

Peltzer, G.; Crampé, F.; Rosen, P. A.

doi:10.1016/s1251-8050(01)01658-5

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the north/south correlation image, a secondary rupture branches to the north where the main rupture bends. The coseismic displacement measured on this secondary branch is up to 1 m. The location of the fault trace and the surface fault slip recovered from the SPOT images compare well with the surface ruptures and fault slip measured in the field [49], and from SAR images [48], [50], [51]. We observed in Fig.…”

Section: ) Processing Stepssupporting

confidence: 80%

Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements

Leprince

Barbot

Ayoub

et al. 2007

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

801

735

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Abstract-We describe a procedure to accurately measure ground deformations from optical satellite images. Precise orthorectification is obtained owing to an optimized model of the imaging system, where look directions are linearly corrected to compensate for attitude drifts, and sensor orientation uncertainties are accounted for. We introduce a new computation of the inverse projection matrices for which a rigorous resampling is proposed. The irregular resampling problem is explicitly addressed to avoid introducing aliasing in the ortho-rectified images. Image registration and correlation is achieved with a new iterative unbiased processor that estimates the phase plane in the Fourier domain for subpixel shift detection. Without using supplementary data, raw images are wrapped onto the digital elevation model and coregistered with a 1/50 pixel accuracy. The procedure applies to images from any pushbroom imaging system. We analyze its performance using Satellite pour l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) images in the case of a null test (no coseismic deformation) and in the case of large coseismic deformations due to the Mw 7.1 Hector Mine, California, earthquake of 1999. The proposed technique would also allow precise coregistration of images for the measurement of surface displacements due to ice-flow or geomorphic processes, or for any other change detection applications. A complete software package, the Coregistration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation, is available for download from the Caltech Tectonics Observatory website.

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Section: ) Processing Stepssupporting

confidence: 80%

Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements

Leprince

Barbot

Ayoub

et al. 2007

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

801

735

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“…Similar asymmetry of the coseismic displacement field was observed in the case of Athens 1999 M s = 5.9 earthquake (Konotes et al, 2000;Foumelis et al, 2009), attributed to the postseismic deformation, as expressed by the reactivation of the secondary fault zone producing surface deformation of more than a fringe. Overall, aseismic afterslip on the main rupture zone, as well as poroelastic rebound in the shallow crust have a significant contribution on the coseismic displacement field, especially when the examined period covers significant part of the postseismic period/activity (Peltzer et al, 1998(Peltzer et al, , 2001Peltzer and Crapé, 1999;Donnellan et al, 2002;Liu et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation pattern of the 6 and 7 April 2009, MW=6.3 and MW=5.6 earthquakes in L'Aquila (Central Italy) revealed by ground and space based observations

Papanikolaou

Foumelis

Parcharidis

et al. 2010

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The deformation pattern of the 6 and 7 April 2009 MW=6.3 and MW=5.6 earthquakes in L'Aquila is revealed by DInSAR analysis and compared with earthquake environmental effects. The DInSAR predicted fault surface ruptures coincide with localities where surface ruptures have been observed in the field, confirming that the ruptures observed near Paganica village are indeed primary. These ruptures are almost one order of magnitude lower than the ruptures that have been produced by other major surrounding faults in the past. These faults have not been activated during the 2009 event, but have the capacity to generate significantly stronger events. DInSAR analysis shows that 66% (or 305 km2) of the area deformed has been subsided whereas the remaining 34% (or 155 km2) has been uplifted. A footwall uplift versus hangingwall subsidence ratio of about 1/3 is extracted from the mainshock. The maximum subsidence (25 cm) was recorded about 4.5 km away from the primary surface ruptures and about 9 km away from the epicentre. In the immediate hangingwall, subsidence did not exceeded 15 cm, showing that the maximum subsidence is not recorded near the ruptured fault trace, but closer to the hangingwall centre. The deformation pattern is asymmetrical expanding significantly towards the southeast. A part of this asymmetry can be attributed to the contribution of the 7 April event in the deformation field.

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“…The global positioning system, GPS, is in wide use and there have been a number of GPS surveys focused on the determination of decadal slip-rates in central Asia (Banerjee and Burgmann, 2002;Bendick et al, 2000;Bilham et al, 1997;Chen et al, 2004;Chen et al, 2000;Larson et al, 1999;Shen et al, 2001b;Wallace et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2004). More recently interferometric, synthetic aperture radar, InSAR, previously applied in imaging relatively large coseismic strains (Massonnet et al, 1993;Peltzer et al, 2001b;Peltzer et al, 1994;Peltzer and Rosen, 1995) has been applied to the interseismic regime, generating decadal slip-rate determinations (Peltzer et al, 2001a;Wright et al, 2004). Both GPS and InSAR have been applied in attempts to constrain the velocity field associated with the IndoAsian collision, and in determining slip-rates on individual faults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of morphochronology to the active tectonics of Tibet

Ryerson

Finkel²,

Mériaux

et al. 2006

In Situ-Produced Cosmogenic Nuclides and Quantification of Geological Processes

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Abstract. The Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau were formed as a result of the collision of India and Asia, and provide an excellent opportunity to study the mechanical response of the continental lithosphere to tectonic stress. Geophysicists are divided in their views on the nature of this response advocating either (1) homogeneously distributed deformation with the lithosphere deforming as a fluid continuum or (2) deformation is highly localized with the lithosphere that deforms as a system of blocks. The resolution of this issue has broad implications for understanding the tectonic response of continental lithosphere in general.Homogeneous deformation is supported by relatively low decadal, geodetic slip-rate estimates for the the Altyn Tagh and Karakorum Faults. Localized deformation is supported by high millennial, geomorphic slip-rates constrained by both cosmogenic and radiocarbon dating on these faults. Based upon the agreement of rates determined by radiocarbon and cosmogenic dating, the overall linearity of offset versus age correlations, and on the plateau-wide correlation of landscape evolution and climate history, the disparity between geomorphic and geodetic sliprate determinations is unlikely to be due to the effects of surface erosion on the cosmogenic age determinations. Similarly, based upon the consistency of slip-rates over various observation intervals, secular variations in slip-rate appear to persist no longer than 2000 years and are unlikely to provide reconciliation. Conversely, geodetic and geomorphic slip-rate estimates on the Kunlun fault, which does not have significant splays or associated thrust faults, are in good agreement, indicating that there is no fundamantal reason why these complementary geodetic and geomorphic methods should disagree. Similarly, the geodetic and geomorphic estimates of shortening rates across the northeasten edge of the plateau are in reasonable agreement, and the geomorphic rates on individual thrust faults demonstrate a significant eastward decrease in the shortening rate. This rate decrease is consistent with the transfer of slip from the Altyn Tagh Fault (ATF) to genetically-related thrust mountain building at its terminus. Rates on the ATF suggest a similar decrease in rate, but the current data set is too small to be definitive. Overall, the high, late Pleistocene-Holocene, geomorphic slip velocities on the the major strike-slip faults of Tibet, suggests that they absorb as much of India's convergence relative to Siberia as the Himalayan Main Frontal Thrust on the southern edge of the plateau.

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The Mw 7.1, Hector Mine, California earthquake: surface rupture, surface displacement field, and fault slip solution from ERS SAR data

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements

Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements

Deformation pattern of the 6 and 7 April 2009, <i>M</i><sub>W</sub>=6.3 and <i>M</i><sub>W</sub>=5.6 earthquakes in L'Aquila (Central Italy) revealed by ground and space based observations

Applications of morphochronology to the active tectonics of Tibet

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The Mw 7.1, Hector Mine, California earthquake: surface rupture, surface displacement field, and fault slip solution from ERS SAR data

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements

Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements

Deformation pattern of the 6 and 7 April 2009, &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;W&lt;/sub&gt;=6.3 and &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;W&lt;/sub&gt;=5.6 earthquakes in L'Aquila (Central Italy) revealed by ground and space based observations

Applications of morphochronology to the active tectonics of Tibet

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Product

Resources

About

Deformation pattern of the 6 and 7 April 2009, <i>M</i><sub>W</sub>=6.3 and <i>M</i><sub>W</sub>=5.6 earthquakes in L'Aquila (Central Italy) revealed by ground and space based observations